每個人30歲以前應(yīng)該讀完的30本書
每個人30歲以前應(yīng)該讀完的30本書
一年一歲一本書，學(xué)習(xí)啦小編收集并整理了每個人30歲以前應(yīng)該讀完的30本書 。
每個人30歲以前應(yīng)該讀完的30本書
Siddhartha《流浪者之歌》 by Hermann Hesse
A powerful story about the importance of life experiences as they relate to approaching an understanding of reality and attaining enlightenment
《流浪者之歌》是諾貝爾文獎得主赫塞融和東西文化，探求人類內(nèi)在精神真實體驗的一部巨作。在本書中，赫塞藉由主角求道的過程，反應(yīng)出潛藏世人內(nèi)心各種不安、迷惑、莫名蠢動誘因力道之強大，以坦白、不假修飾的真誠頻率，帶領(lǐng)讀者以一種平和、不執(zhí)妄的喜悅心，臻至追求真我性靈的豐美與滿足的境地。
1984《一九八四》 by George Orwell
1984 still holds chief significance nearly sixty years after it was written in 1949. It is widely acclaimed for its haunting vision of an all-knowing government, which uses pervasive, twenty-four/seven surveillance tactics to manipulate all citizens of the populace.
《一九八四》是奧威爾的傳世之作，堪稱世界文壇最著名的反烏托邦、反極權(quán)的政治諷喻小說。他在小說中創(chuàng)造的“老大哥”、“雙重思想”、“ 新話”等詞匯都已收人權(quán)威的英語詞典，甚至由他的姓衍生出“奧威爾式” (Orwellian)、“奧威爾主義”(Orwellism)這樣的通用詞匯，不斷出現(xiàn)在報道國際新聞的記者筆下，足見其作品在英語國家影響之深遠。
To Kill a Mockingbird《殺死一只知更鳥》 by Harper Lee
The story surveys the controversial issues of race and economic class in the 1930s Deep South via a court case of a black man charged with the rape and abuse of a young white girl. It’s a moving tale that delivers a profound message about fighting for justice and against prejudice.
本書獲1960年普利策獎。三十年代，美國大蕭條時期南部的一個小鎮(zhèn)，三個天真孩子的生活因為兩樁冤案而改變。贏弱而失語的人、固守太多偏見的無知的人，還有恪守原則的善良的律師父親，迫使他們艱難地去理解成人世界里的偏見和冷漠，去理解真相所包含的危機和無奈，同時試著去理解，壞人的內(nèi)心也可能無辜。
A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess
A nightmarish vision of insane youth culture that depicts heart wrenching insight into the life of a disturbed adolescent. This novel will blow you away … leaving you breathless, livid, thrilled, and concerned.
《發(fā)條橙》是一部幻想小說，一個生活在英國未來社會的問題少年，由于青春斯躁動走上犯罪道路，破壞社會，五毒俱全，后受到社會制裁，被剝奪自由意志，經(jīng)過思考與改造，他重新融入社會，意識到自己不過是上帝手中的一只發(fā)條橙……
For Whom the Bell Tolls 《戰(zhàn)地鐘聲》by Ernest Hemingway
A short, powerful contemplation on death, ideology and the incredible brutality of war.
《戰(zhàn)地鐘聲》是描述西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，海明威表達了佛朗哥元帥極權(quán)統(tǒng)治不但影響西班牙人，也影響其他國家的人。那個時期，歐美國家很多左傾藝術(shù)家和知識分子，都 表態(tài)反對極權(quán)統(tǒng)治，畢加索更以著名巨型畫作格爾尼卡(Guernica)批評佛朗哥。于1940年出版。以西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)為背景，描寫滿懷理想的美國青年羅伯 特·約丹(Robert Jordan)志愿參戰(zhàn)，逃亡時因受傷而被遺棄在后方，于是獨自與敵人火拼，最后以自殺了結(jié)此生的悲劇。故事情節(jié)復(fù)雜，人物刻劃生動。
War and Peace《戰(zhàn)爭與和平》 by Leo Tolstoy
This masterpiece is so enormous even Tolstoy said it couldn’t be described as a standard novel. The storyline takes place in Russian society during the Napoleonic Era, following the characters of Andrei, Pierre and Natasha … and the tragic and unanticipated way in which their lives interconnect.
托爾斯泰卷帙浩繁的長篇小說。場面浩大，人物繁多，被稱為“世界上最偉大的小說”，成就非凡。《戰(zhàn)爭與和平》問世至今，一直被人稱為“世界上最偉大的小說 ”。 這部卷帙浩繁的巨著以史詩般廣闊與雄渾的氣勢，生動地描寫了1805至1820年俄國社會的重大歷史事件和各個生活領(lǐng)域：“近千個人物，無數(shù)的場景，國家 和私人生活的一切可能的領(lǐng)域，歷史，戰(zhàn)爭，人間一切慘劇，各種情欲，人生各個階段，從嬰兒降臨人間的啼聲到氣息奄奄的老人的感情最后迸發(fā)，人所能感受到的 一切歡樂和痛苦，各種可能的內(nèi)心思緒，從竊取自己同伴的錢幣的小偷的感覺，到英雄主義的最崇高的沖動和領(lǐng)悟透徹的沉思— —在這幅畫里都應(yīng)有盡有。
The Rights of Man by Tom Paine
Written during the era of the French Revolution, this book was one of the first to introduce the concept of human rights from the standpoint of democracy.
托馬斯·潘恩的《人權(quán)論》主張?zhí)熨x權(quán)利和代議制民主共和的思想,其中處處體現(xiàn)出了對貧苦人民生活的關(guān)注,反對社會的不平等,成為英國早期工人運動的啟蒙教材,在英國工人運動思想史上具有不容忽視的作用.
The Social Contract《社會契約論》 by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
A famous quote from the book states that “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” This accurately summarizes the book’s prime position on the importance of individual human rights within society.
社會契約論(法文：Du Contrat Social，又譯《民約論》，或稱政治權(quán)利原理)是法國思想家讓·雅克·盧梭于1762年寫成的一本書?！渡鐣跫s論》中主權(quán)在民的思想，是現(xiàn)代民主制度的基石，深刻地影響了逐步廢除歐洲君主絕對權(quán)力的運動，和18世紀(jì)末北美殖民地擺脫英帝國統(tǒng)治、建立民主制度的斗爭。美國的《獨立宣言》和法國的《人權(quán)宣言》及兩國的憲法均體現(xiàn)了《社會契約論》的民主思想。
One Hundred Years of Solitude《百年孤獨》 by Gabriel García Márquez
This novel does not have a plot in the conventional sense, but instead uses various narratives to portray a clear message about the general importance of remembering our cultural history.
The Origin of Species《物種起源》 by Charles Darwin
Few books have had as significant an impact on the way society views the natural world and the genesis of humankind.
必讀理由
影響世界歷史進程的經(jīng)典著作
震撼世界的10本書之一
1985年美國《生活》雜志評選的人類有史以來的最佳圖書
1986年英國《讀書》雜志推薦的理想藏書
所闡述的進化論是19世紀(jì)自然科學(xué)的三大發(fā)現(xiàn)之一
人類思想發(fā)展史上一座最偉大的劃時代的里程碑
The Wisdom of the Desert《沙漠的智慧》 by Thomas Merton
A collection of thoughts, meditations and reflections that give insight into what life is like to live simply and purely, dedicated to a greater power than ourselves.
這是一部對比本身更強大的力量的思考、冥想和反思的文集，它讓人們了解，如果簡單而純粹地生活，生命又是怎樣一番景象。
The Tipping Point《引爆流行》 by Malcolm Gladwell
Gladwell looks at how a small idea, or product concept, can spread like a virus and spark global sociological changes. Specifically, he analyzes “the levels at which the momentum for change becomes unstoppable.”
《引爆流行》可謂是一部智力歷險記憶，妙趣橫生，極富有感染力，讓人充分感受到思想的魅力和愉悅。尤其重要的是，本書如同一幅思維導(dǎo)航圖，讓人看到思維的一種新的拓展方式，并且相信，一個富有想像力的人只要能找準(zhǔn)引爆點，就能打開一個充滿驚喜的世界。
The Wind in the Willows《柳林風(fēng)聲》 by Kenneth Graham [在線閱讀]
Arguably one of the best children’s books ever written; this short novel will help you appreciate the simple pleasures in life. It’s most notable for its playful mixture of mysticism, adventure, morality, and camaraderie.
《柳林風(fēng)聲》為僅帶讀者經(jīng)歷動物主角們隨著季節(jié)變化的生活故事，還生動地刻畫了柳林中縈繞的友誼與溫情。此書也是哈利波特的作者JK•羅琳最喜歡的文學(xué)作品，在哈利波特當(dāng)中，赫奇帕奇的象征獾也是以書里憨厚的獾先生為原型的。
The Art of War《孫子兵法》 by Sun Tzu
One of the oldest books on military strategy in the world. It’s easily the most successful written work on the mechanics of general strategy and business tactics.
《孫子兵法》是中國古典軍事文化遺產(chǎn)中的璀璨瑰寶，是中國優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。是世界三大兵書之一(另外兩部是：《戰(zhàn)爭論》(克勞塞維茨) ，《五輪書》(宮本武藏) )其內(nèi)容博大精深，思想精邃富贍，邏輯縝密嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。作者為春秋末年的齊國人孫武(字長卿)。
The Lord of the Rings《魔戒|指環(huán)王》 by J.R.R. Tolkien [Ebook下載]
One of the greatest fictional stories ever told, and by far one of the most popular and influential written works in twentieth-century literature. Once you pick up the first book, you’ll read them all.
David Copperfield《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》 by Charles Dickens
This is a tale that lingers on the topic of attaining and maintaining a disciplined heart as it relates to one’s emotional and moral life. Dickens states that we must learn to go against “the first mistaken impulse of the undisciplined heart.”
Four Quartets《四個四重奏》 by T.S. Eliot
Probably the wisest poetic prose of modern times. It was written during World War II, and is still entirely relevant today … here’s an excerpt: “The dove descending breaks the air/With flame of incandescent terror/Of which the tongues declare/The only discharge from sin and error/The only hope, or the despair/Lies in the choice of pyre or pyre–/To be redeemed from fire by fire./Who then devised this torment?/Love/Love is the unfamiliar Name/Behind the hands that wave/The intolerable shirt of flame/Which human power cannot remove./We only live, only suspire/Consumed by either fire or fire.”
Catch-22《第二十二條軍規(guī)》 by Joseph Heller
This book coined the self-titled term “catch-22” that is widely used in modern-day dialogue. As for the story, its message is clear: What’s commonly held to be good, may be bad … what is sensible, is nonsense. Its one of the greatest literary works of the twentieth century. Read it.
第二十二條軍規(guī)》是一部嚴(yán)肅的、諷刺性極強的小說。通過這部小說，約瑟夫·海勒將他眼中的美國社會展現(xiàn)在讀者眼前。這個社會處于一種有組織的混亂、一種制 度化了的瘋狂之中，這個社會的一切只服從“第二十二條軍規(guī)”的荒誕邏輯。這樣一種病態(tài)的、荒誕的社會只有海勒的想象力才能夠包容它，只有“黑色幽默”這樣 的創(chuàng)作手法才能夠較好地表現(xiàn)它。
The Great Gatsby《了不起的蓋茨比》 by F. Scott Fitzgerald
Set in the Jazz Age of the roaring 20s, this book unravels a cautionary tale of the American dream. Specifically, the reader learns that a few good friends are far more important that a zillion acquaintances, and the drive created from the desire to have something is more valuable than actually having it.
二十世紀(jì)二十年代的美國，空氣里彌漫著歡歌與縱飲的氣息。一個偶然的機會，窮職員尼克闖入了揮金如土的大富翁蓋茨比隱秘的世界，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，他內(nèi)心惟一的 牽絆竟是河對岸那盞小小的綠燈——燈影婆娑中，住著心愛的黛西。然而，冰冷的現(xiàn)實容不下縹緲的夢，到頭來，蓋茨比心中的女神只不過是凡塵俗世的物質(zhì)女郎。 當(dāng)一切真相大白，蓋茨比的悲劇人生亦如煙花般，璀璨只是一瞬，幻滅才是永恒。一闋華麗的“爵士時代”的挽歌，在菲茨杰拉德筆下，如詩如夢，在美國當(dāng)代文學(xué) 史上留下了墨色濃重的印痕。
The Catcher in the Rye《麥田守望者》 by J.D. Salinger
This novel firmly stands as an icon for accurately representing the ups and downs of teen angst, defiance and rebellion. If nothing else, it serves as a reminder of the unpredictable teenage mindset.
Crime and Punishment《罪與罰》 by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
A smooth-flowing, captivating novel of a young man living in poverty who criminally succumbs to the desire for money, and the hefty psychological impact this has on him and the people closest to him.
《罪與罰》是一本好書，但不是一道好菜。它會讓幸福單純者突然間笑容凍結(jié)，吃不下、睡不好?！蹲锱c罰》所傳達的是一種空前的緊張和極度的痛苦，即使是相隔百年，那字里行間的意境，也仍會隨著書頁的翻動將脆弱的心再度揪緊。
The Prince《君主論》 by Niccolo Machiavelli
This book does a great job at describing situations of power and statesmanship. From political and corporate power struggles to attaining advancement, influence, and authority over others, Machiavelli’s observations apply.
《君主論》集西方數(shù)千年權(quán)術(shù)思想之精華，奠定了西方“厚黑學(xué)”之基礎(chǔ)。它被稱為邪惡的圣經(jīng)，毀譽參半，不管放在什么地方都有幾分驚世駭俗;但它又是一本不 可不讀的奇書，一直被奉為歐洲歷代君主的案頭之書，政治家的最高指南，統(tǒng)治階級鞏固其統(tǒng)治的治國原則，和人類有史以來對政治斗爭技巧最獨到、最精辟的解 剖。同時，在政治界、宗教界、學(xué)術(shù)界等領(lǐng)域引起過巨大的反響，被西方評論界列為和《圣經(jīng)》、《資本論》等相提并論的影響人類歷史的十部著作之一。
Walden《瓦爾登湖》 by Henry David Thoreau
Thoreau spent two years, two months and two days writing this book in a secluded cabin near the banks of Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts. This is a story about being truly free from the pressures of society. The book can speak for itself: “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.”
這是一本極為優(yōu)秀的人生哲理書，但從根本上講，這本書更能擴大我們的日常視野，讓我們從簡單的生活開始學(xué)習(xí)知識。通過這本書，我們不僅可以接觸到大量的動 物和植物學(xué)知識，還能了解到更多的人文、地理和歷史知識。閱讀它，我們能在平凡與簡單中真切感受生活的意義與趣味，也更能感受寂靜之美。
The Republic《理想國》 by Plato
A gripping and enduring work of philosophy on how life should be lived, justice should be served, and leaders should lead. It also gives the reader a fundamental understanding of western political theory.
《理想國》是西方政治思想傳統(tǒng)的最具代表性的作品，通過蘇格拉底與他人的對話，給后人展現(xiàn)了一個完美優(yōu)越的城邦。
柏拉圖把國家分為三個階層：受過嚴(yán)格哲學(xué)教育的統(tǒng)治階層、保衛(wèi)國家的武士階層、平民階層。他鄙 視個人幸福，無限地強調(diào)城邦整體、強調(diào)他一己以為的“正義”。在柏拉圖眼中，第三階層的人民是低下的，可以欺騙的。他賦予了統(tǒng)治者無上的權(quán)力，甚至統(tǒng)治者 “為了國家利益可以用撒謊來對付敵人或者公民”
Lolita《洛麗塔》 by Vladimir Nabokov
This is the kind of book that blows your mind wide open to conflicting feelings of life, love and corruption … and at times makes you deeply question your own perceptions of each. The story is as devious as it is beautiful.
《洛麗塔》講述的是一個中年男子對十二歲女孩的戀情故事。其近乎瘋狂的情欲描寫和取材的大膽，導(dǎo)致它在五十多年前，曾一度被視為離經(jīng)叛道的色情小說，然而它又不僅僅是一本關(guān)于畸戀的普通暢銷書而已，今天再讀《洛麗塔》，那些精妙絕倫的寫作技巧，奇特迷人的文字雕鑿，富含莎士比亞性質(zhì)的悲喜劇意韻，盡管翻譯本難以現(xiàn)其原貌，依然能令人嘆為觀止…
Getting Things Done by David Allen
The quintessential guide to organizing your life and getting things done. Nuff said.
How To Win Friends and Influence People《如何贏得友誼和影響他人》 by Dale Carnegie
This is the granddaddy of all self-improvement books. It is a comprehensive, easy to read guide for winning people over to your way of thinking in both business and personal relationships.
人類歷史上最暢銷的勵志經(jīng)典，洞見人性直達心靈的人生智慧。 卡耐基在書中以人性為基礎(chǔ)。分析和闡述了處理人際關(guān)系的3大技巧、使人喜歡你的6大方法、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他人的12種技巧、說服他人的9大原則，這一套人際關(guān)系學(xué)令讀者怦然心動，也使世界人類的相處之道為之一新，能夠幫助讀者最大化地挖掘自我潛能。 本書在世界出版史上創(chuàng)造了奇跡，許多青年企業(yè)家、業(yè)務(wù)員、家庭主婦、學(xué)生、熱戀中的情侶都爭相閱讀。這的確是一本能讓人驚喜、使人思想更成熟、舉止更穩(wěn)重的好書。也是人一生中最重要的一本書。
Lord of the Flies《蠅王》 by William Golding
A powerful and alarming look at the possibilities for savagery in a lawless environment, where compassionate human reasoning is replaced by anarchistic, animal instinct
《蠅王》是英國作家、諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者威廉·戈爾丁的代表作，是一本重要的哲理小說，借小孩的天真來探討人性的惡這一嚴(yán)肅主題。故事發(fā)生于想象中的第三次世界大戰(zhàn)，一群六歲至十二歲的兒童在撤退途中因飛機失事被困在一座荒島上，起先尚能和睦相處，后來由于惡的本性的膨脹起來，便互相殘殺，發(fā)生悲劇性的結(jié)果。作者將抽象的哲理命題具體化，讓讀者通過閱讀引人入勝的故事和激動人心的爭斗場面來加以體悟，人物、場景、故事、意象等都深具象征意義。
The Grapes of Wrath《憤怒的葡萄》 by John Steinbeck
Steinbeck’s deeply touching tale about the survival of displaced families desperately searching for work in a nation stuck by depression will never cease to be relevant.
《憤怒的葡萄》是美國30年代大蕭條時期的一部史詩。小說主人公約德刑滿被釋回家，發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)一片荒蕪，只得攜家乘坐一輛破舊的汽車到西部謀生，在那里的一個農(nóng)場做工。一家人拼命干活，只能勉強糊口，農(nóng)場主還不斷地壓低工資。農(nóng)工們奮起反抗，舉行罷工，警察前來鎮(zhèn)壓，牧師凱綏同情農(nóng)工，被武裝流氓打死。約德將兇手擊斃，只得再次背井離鄉(xiāng)。這部作品，反映了廣大人民群眾對現(xiàn)存社會的日益不滿和叛逆精神，具有鮮明的時代特征。為此，斯坦貝克成了“被壓迫者的代言人”。在藝術(shù)上，再現(xiàn)了30年代大蕭條時期的生活，在人物形象的塑造上，強調(diào)外部特征，而不是探究微妙的心理，因而他筆下的人物是類型化的而不是個性化的。象征手法和諷刺手法在作品中也得到了很好的運用。