英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯3篇
英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯3篇
在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化及中國(guó)加入WTO的形勢(shì)下,社會(huì)需要大量能夠用英語(yǔ)在國(guó)際上進(jìn)行科技、經(jīng)貿(mào)、法律和文化等方面交流的專業(yè)人才。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來(lái)的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯，歡迎閱讀!
英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯篇一
In the public interest
The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries like Denmark, Norway, Finland, and New Zealand. Even countries with large populations like Britain and the United States are seriously considering imitating the Swedes.
The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like civil servants, collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.
A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police stoutly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in he official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to
find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
斯堪的納維亞半島各國(guó)實(shí)行開(kāi)明的社會(huì)政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個(gè)公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國(guó)家采納。
是瑞典人首先認(rèn)識(shí)到政府工作人員如文職人員、警官、衛(wèi)生稽查員、稅務(wù)人員等等也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤或者自以為在為公眾服務(wù)而把事情做過(guò)了頭。早在1809年，瑞典論會(huì)就建立一個(gè)保護(hù)公民利益的制度。議會(huì)內(nèi)有一個(gè)代表各政黨利益的委員會(huì)，由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調(diào)查個(gè)人對(duì)國(guó)家的意見(jiàn)。此人官銜為“司法特派員”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”，即“司法特派員”。司法特派員不受任何政治壓力的制約。他聽(tīng)取社會(huì)各階層的各種大小意見(jiàn)，并進(jìn)行調(diào)查。由于意見(jiàn)均需用書(shū)面形式提出，司法特派員每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律師作他的助手協(xié)助工作，每封信都詳細(xì)批閱。司法特派員的工作沒(méi)有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公開(kāi)的，供公眾監(jiān)督。如果公民的意見(jiàn)正確，司法特派員便為他伸張正義。司法特員采取的行動(dòng)因意見(jiàn)的性質(zhì)不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批評(píng)某位官員，也可以甚至向議會(huì)提議修改某項(xiàng)法律。下述事件是司法特派員工作的一個(gè)典型例子。
一個(gè)住在瑞典鄉(xiāng)村的外國(guó)人寫信給司法特派員，抱怨說(shuō)他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)外國(guó)人。司法特派員立即寫信給當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀珠L(zhǎng)，請(qǐng)他寄送與此事有關(guān)的材料。材料中沒(méi)有任何文字記載證明外國(guó)人所說(shuō)的情況符合事實(shí)，警察局長(zhǎng)矢口否認(rèn)這一指控。司法特派員難以處理。但是，當(dāng)他又收到住在同一村莊的另一個(gè)外國(guó)人寫的一封內(nèi)容類似的投訴信時(shí)，他立即派出一位律師前去調(diào)查。律師證實(shí)有個(gè)警察確實(shí)多次粗魯?shù)貙?duì)待外國(guó)人。警察歧視外國(guó)人的事在官方檔案中不可能加以記載，司法特派員只有派他的代表去核對(duì)事實(shí)才能了解真相。當(dāng)事的警察受到嚴(yán)厲的斥責(zé)，并被告知，如果再有人投訴他，他將受到起訴。司法特派員及時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件，不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。
英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯篇二
Instinct or cleverness?
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. Man continually wages war on item, for they contaminate his food, carry diseases, or devour his crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding with out dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly
organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinaing. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle ?
Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphides were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a laop colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape , making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphides. The tape was so sticky that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of
the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
我們自幼就在對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)的懼怕中長(zhǎng)大。我們把昆蟲(chóng)當(dāng)作害多益少的無(wú)用東西。人類不斷同昆蟲(chóng)斗爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)槔ハx(chóng)弄臟我們的食物，傳播疾病，吞噬莊稼。它們無(wú)緣無(wú)故地又叮又咬;夏天的晚上，它們未經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)便飛到我們房間里，或者對(duì)著露出亮光的窗戶亂撲亂撞。我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪校坏鲪喝缰┲?、黃蜂之類令人討厭的昆蟲(chóng)，而且憎惡并無(wú)大害的飛蛾等。閱讀有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書(shū)能增加我們對(duì)它們的了解，卻不能消除我們的恐懼的心理。即使知道勤奮的螞蟻生活具有高度組織性的社會(huì)里，當(dāng)看到大群螞蟻在我們精心準(zhǔn)備的午間野餐上爬行時(shí)，我們也無(wú)法抑制對(duì)它們的反感。不管我們多么愛(ài)吃蜂蜜，或讀過(guò)多少關(guān)于蜜蜂具有神秘的識(shí)別方向的靈感的書(shū)，我們?nèi)匀皇趾ε卤环潋?。我們的恐懼大部分是沒(méi)有道理的，但去無(wú)法消除。同時(shí)，不知為什么昆蟲(chóng)又是迷人的。我們喜歡看有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書(shū)，尤其是當(dāng)我們了解螳螂等過(guò)著一種令人生畏的生活時(shí)，就更加愛(ài)讀有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書(shū)了。我們喜歡入迷地看它們做事，它們不知道(但愿如此)我們就在它們身邊。當(dāng)看到蜘蛛撲向一只蒼蠅時(shí)，一隊(duì)螞蟻抬著一只巨大的死甲蟲(chóng)凱旋歸時(shí)，誰(shuí)能不感到敬畏呢?
去年夏天，我花了好幾天時(shí)間站在花園里觀察成千只螞蟻爬上我那棵心愛(ài)的桃樹(shù)的樹(shù)干。那棵樹(shù)是靠著房子有遮擋的一面暖墻生長(zhǎng)的。我為這棵樹(shù)感到特別自豪，不僅因?yàn)樗冗^(guò)了幾個(gè)寒冬終于活了下來(lái)，而且還因?yàn)樗袝r(shí)結(jié)出些甘甜的桃子來(lái)。到了夏天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)樹(shù)葉開(kāi)始枯萎，結(jié)果在樹(shù)葉背面找到成串的叫作蚜蟲(chóng)小蟲(chóng)子。蚜蟲(chóng)遭到一窩螞蟻的攻擊，螞蟻從它們身上可以獲得一種蜜。我當(dāng)即動(dòng)手作了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)盡管沒(méi)有使我擺脫這些螞蟻，卻使我著迷了24小時(shí)。我用一條膠帶把桃樹(shù)底部包上，不讓螞蟻接近蚜蟲(chóng)。膠帶極粘，螞蟻不敢從上面爬過(guò)。在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，我看見(jiàn)螞蟻圍著大樹(shù)底部來(lái)回轉(zhuǎn)悠，不知所措。半夜，我還拿著電筒來(lái)到花園里，滿意地(同時(shí)驚奇地)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些螞蟻還圍著膠帶團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。無(wú)能為力。第二天早上，我起床后希望看見(jiàn)螞蟻已因無(wú)望而放棄了嘗試，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們又找到一條新的路徑。它們正在順著房子的外墻往上爬，然后爬上樹(shù)葉。我懊喪地感到敗在了足智多謀的螞蟻的手下。螞蟻已很快找到了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策，來(lái)對(duì)付我那套完全不科學(xué)的辦法!
英語(yǔ)文章閱讀帶翻譯篇三
From the earth: greatings
Radio astronomy has greatly increased our understanding of the universe. Radio telescopes have one big advantage over conventional telescopes in that they can operate in all weather conditions and can pick up signals coming from very distant stars. These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reactions in outer space. The most powerful signals that have been received have been emitted by what seem to be truly colossal stars which scientists have named 'quasars'.
A better understanding of these phenomena may completely alter our conception of the nature of the universe. The radio telescope at Jodrell Bank in England was for many years the largest in the world. A new telescope, over twice the size, was recently built at Sugar Grove in West Virginia. Astronomers no longer regard as fanciful the idea that they may one day pick up signals which have been sent by intelligent beings on other worlds. This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. Highly advanced civilizations may have existed on other planets long before intelligent forms of life evolved on the earth. Conversely, intelligent being which are just beginning to develop on remote worlds may be ready to pick up our signals in thousands of years' time, or when life on earth has become extinct. Such speculations no longer belong to the realm of science fiction, for astronomers are now exploring the chances of communicating with living creatures (if they exist) on distant planets. This undertaking which has been named Project Ozma was begun in 1960, but it may take a great many years before results are obtained.
Aware of the fact that it would be impossible to wait thousands or millions of years to receive an answer from a distant planet, scientists engaged in Project Ozma are concentrating their attention on stars which are relatively close. One of the most likely stars is Tau Ceti which is eleven light years away. If signals from the earth were received by intelligent creatures on a planet circling this
star, we would have to wait twenty-two years for an answer. The Green Bank telescope in West Virginia has been specially designed to distinguish between random signals and signals which might be in code. Even if contact were eventually established, astronomers would not be able to rely on language to communicate with other beings. They would use mathematics as this is the
only truly universal language. Numbers have the same value anywhere. For this reason, intelligent creatures in any part of the universe would be able to understand a simple arithmetical sequence. They would be able to reply to our signals using similar methods. The next step would be to try to develop means for sending television pictures. A single picture would tell us more than thousands of words. In an age when anything seems to be possible, it would be narrow-minded in the extreme to ridicule these attempts to find out if there is life in other parts of the universe.
天文學(xué)方面最新發(fā)展使得我們能夠在銀河系和其他星系發(fā)現(xiàn)行星。這是一個(gè)重要的成就，因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，行星很小，而且也不發(fā)光。尋找行星證明相當(dāng)困難，但是要在行星上發(fā)現(xiàn)生命會(huì)變得無(wú)比艱難。第一個(gè)需要解答的問(wèn)題是一顆行星是否有能夠維持生命的條件。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，在我們的太陽(yáng)系里，對(duì)于生命來(lái)說(shuō)，金星的溫度太高，而火星的溫度則太低。只有地球提供理想的條件，而即使在這里，植物和動(dòng)物的進(jìn)化也用了40億年的時(shí)間。
一顆行星是否能夠維持生命取決于它的恒星——即它的“太陽(yáng)”——的大小和亮度。設(shè)想一下，一顆恒星比我們的太陽(yáng)還要大，還要亮，還要熱20倍，那么一顆行星為了維持生命就要離開(kāi)的它的恒星非常遠(yuǎn)。反之，如果恒星很小，維持生命的行星就要在離恒星很近的軌道上運(yùn)行，而且要有極好的條件才能使生命得以發(fā)展，但是，我們?nèi)绾尾拍苷业竭@樣一顆行星呢?現(xiàn)在，沒(méi)有一臺(tái)現(xiàn)存的望遠(yuǎn)鏡可以發(fā)現(xiàn)生命的存在。而開(kāi)發(fā)這樣一臺(tái)望遠(yuǎn)鏡將會(huì)是21世紀(jì)天文學(xué)的一個(gè)重要的研究課題。
使用放置在地球上的望遠(yuǎn)鏡是無(wú)法觀察到其他行星的生命的。地球周圍溫暖的大氣層和望遠(yuǎn)鏡散出的熱量使得我們根本不可能找到比行星更小的物體。即使是一臺(tái)放置在圍繞地球的軌道上的望遠(yuǎn)鏡——如非常成功的哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡——也因?yàn)樘?yáng)系中的塵埃微粒而無(wú)法勝任。望遠(yuǎn)鏡要放置在木星那樣遙遠(yuǎn)的行星上才有可能在外層空間搜尋生命。因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)绞墙咏?yáng)系的邊緣，塵埃就越稀薄。一旦我們找到這樣一顆行星，我們就要想辦法將它的恒星射過(guò)來(lái)的光線遮暗，這樣我們就能徹底“看見(jiàn)”這顆行星，并分析它的大氣層。首先我們要尋找植物，而不是那種“小綠人”。行星上最容易生存下來(lái)的是細(xì)菌。正是細(xì)菌生產(chǎn)出我們?cè)诘厍蛏虾粑难鯕狻Ｔ诘厍蛏习l(fā)展的大部分進(jìn)程中，細(xì)菌是地球上唯一的生命形式。作為地球上的居民，我們總存有這樣的希望：小綠人來(lái)拜訪我們，而我們可以和他們交流。但是，這種希望總是只在科幻小說(shuō)中存在。如果我們能夠在另一顆行星上找到諸如細(xì)菌的那種低等生命，那么這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)將徹底改變我們對(duì)我們自己的看法。正如美國(guó)國(guó)家航空和宇宙航空局的丹尼爾.戈?duì)柖≈赋龅?ldquo;在其他地方發(fā)現(xiàn)生命會(huì)改變一切。任何人類的努力和想法都會(huì)發(fā)生變化。”
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