有關(guān)名人的英語故事欣賞
故事永遠伴隨著我們,伴隨著我們的學(xué)習(xí),從童年到老年,從課堂到職場,從故土到異鄉(xiāng)。因此我們說,學(xué)習(xí)始于故事。小編精心收集了有關(guān)名人的英語故事，供大家欣賞學(xué)習(xí)!
有關(guān)名人的英語故事：Ralph Waldo Emerson
拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生
The United States had won its independence from Britain just twenty-two years before Ralph Waldo Emerson was born. But it had yet to win its cultural independence. It still took its traditions from other countries, mostly from western Europe. What the American Revolution did for the nation’s politics, Emerson did for its culture.
當(dāng)美國從英國手里贏得獨立的22年后，愛默生出生了。但是當(dāng)時的美國還需要贏得文化上的獨立。它的傳統(tǒng)仍然來自其他國家，主要是來自西歐。美國革命在政治上為美國贏得獨立，而愛默生在文化上為美國獨立做出了貢獻。
When he began writing and speaking in the eighteen thirties, conservatives saw him as radical — wild and dangerous. But to the young, he spoke words of self-dependence 一 a new language of freedom. He was the first to bring them a truly American spirit. He told America to demand its own laws and churches and works. It is through his own works that we shall look at Ralph Waldo Emerson.
19世紀30年代，當(dāng)愛默生開始寫作和演講時，保守派認為他太激進，野蠻而且危險。但是對于年輕人來說，愛默生宣揚自立——自由的新形式。他是為他們帶來真正美國精神的第一人。他號召美國人民要有自己的法律、教堂和著作。正是通過他自己的作品，我們才了解了愛默生。
Ralph Waldo Emerson’s life was not as exciting as the lives of some other American writers — Herman Melville, Mark Twain or Ernest Hemingway. Emerson traveled to Europe several times. And he made speeches at a number of places in the United States. But, except for those trips, he lived all his life in the small town of Concord, Massachusetts. Emerson’s father, like many of the men in his family, was a minister of a Christian church. When Emerson was eight years old, his father died. His mother was left with very little money to raise her five sons.
愛默生的一生波瀾不驚，并不像赫爾曼·梅爾維爾、馬克·吐溫和海明威等其他作家。愛默生曾幾次到歐洲旅行，他還在美國數(shù)個地方演講。但是除了以上這些旅行外，他一生都住在馬薩諸塞州的小鎮(zhèn)康科德。他的父親，像家族中的許多男人一樣，是____的牧師。愛默生8歲時，父親去世了，給母親留下了少得可憐的錢養(yǎng)育五個兒子。
After several more years in Boston, the family moved to the nearby town of Concord. There they joined Emerson’s aunt, Mary Moody Emerson. Emerson seemed to accept the life his mother and aunt wanted for him. As a boy, he attended Boston Latin School. Then he studied at Harvard University.
在波士頓住了幾年之后，愛默生一家搬到了附近的康科德鎮(zhèn)，和愛默生的姑姑瑪麗·穆迪·愛默生住在一起。愛默生似乎接受了他母親和姑姑為他安排的生活。他在波士頓拉丁語學(xué)校就讀，然后進入哈佛大學(xué)。
For a few years, he taught in a girls’ school started by one of his brothers. But he did not enjoy this kind of teaching. For a time, he wondered what he should do with his life. Finally, like his father, he became a religious minister. But he had questions about his beliefs and the purpose of his life.
有幾年，他在他兄弟開辦的一家女子學(xué)校任職，但是他并不喜歡那樣教書。他曾一度思考一生應(yīng)該做什么。最后，他像父親一樣成了一名牧師。但是他仍對其信仰以及生活的目的抱有疑問。
Later, his speech, “The American Scholar,” created great excitement among the students in Harvard. They heard his words as a new declaration of independence — a declaration of the independence of the mind. Young people agreed with Emerson that a person had the power within himself to succeed at whatever he tried. The important truth seemed to be not what had been done, but what might be done.
后來，他的演講“論美國學(xué)者”在哈佛大學(xué)中引起了轟動。學(xué)子們把他的演講看作是一種新的獨立宣言——思想的獨立宣言。年輕人擁護愛默生，因為愛默生認為一個人只要努力就可以實現(xiàn)夢想。事實不在于已經(jīng)做了多少，而在于還能夠做多少。
有關(guān)名人的英語故事：Schopenhauer
叔本華
Schopenhauer was the son of a wealthy merchant, Heinrich Floris Schopenhauer, and his wife, Johanna, who was a famous local writer. In 1793，when Danzig came under Prussian sovereignty, they moved to the free city of Hamburg. Arthur enjoyed a gentlemanly private education. He then attended a private business school, where he became acquainted with the spirit of the Enlightenment and was exposed to a Pietistic attitude sensitive to the plight of man.
叔本華出生在富有的商人之家，父親名叫海因里希·弗洛里斯·叔本華，母親約翰娜是當(dāng)?shù)匦∮忻麣獾淖骷摇?793年，格但斯克被普魯士占領(lǐng)，他們一家搬到了自由城市漢堡。叔本華在漢堡受到了貴族式的私人教育，然后他進入一所私立商學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，在那里他接觸到啟蒙思想，也培養(yǎng)了自己對人類痛苦極其敏感的虔誠態(tài)度。
The World as Will and Representation was born during Schopenhauer's residence in Dresden. It was written in a non-academic style, with an ironic, aristocratic tone. Friedrich Nietzsche, who found a copy of The World as Will and Representation in a second-hand bookstore, did not put the book down until he had finished it. According to Schopenhauer, existence is the expression of an insatiable, pervasive will generating a terrible world of conflict and suffering, senselessness, and futility. Very shortly, the world is a bad joke. The “will to live” perpetuates this cosmic spectacle. The goal of someone who sees through the illusions of life is the denial of this powerful will to live. Love serves the reproductive interests of the species and sexual impulse, the most powerful motive in human existence.
《作為意志和表象的世界》這本著作是叔本華住在德累斯頓期間寫下的。這本書的風(fēng)格是非學(xué)術(shù)性的，而是嘲諷的、貴族式的語氣。尼采曾在一個二手書店里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本《作為意志和表象的世界》，他一口氣把它看完才放回書架上。叔本華認為，存在是一種無所不在，貪得無厭的意志的表象，這種意志產(chǎn)生了一個充滿矛盾、痛苦，沒有絲毫感情和意義的恐怖世界。簡單地說，這個世界就是個拙劣的玩笑?！吧娴囊庵尽笔惯@世界世世代代運轉(zhuǎn)下去。某些人想要看穿生命假象的目的否定了這種強烈的意志。愛情只是為物種的繁衍和性沖動服務(wù)，這是人類存在最強有力的動機。
At the beginning of 1820, Schopenhauer advertised a course of lectures to be given at the same time as Friedrich and Hegel’s. But when Hegel attracted more students the course did not proceed. The epidemic of cholera, during which Hegel died, drove him to Frankfurt. After that, he lived in relative isolation, preferring the company of dogs to people. Five-sixths of human beings are worth only contempt, he once wrote. It was claimed that he once pushed a neighbor down a flight of stairs for disturbing him. As a result, the unlucky seamstress could not continue in his former profession.
1820年初，叔本華建議開一堂課，恰巧這門課與費希特和黑格爾的課是同時開的。當(dāng)黑格爾吸引了更多學(xué)生的時候，叔本華的這門課就無法繼續(xù)進行了。后來,因為黑格爾所死于的那場霍亂的流行，叔本華搬到了法蘭克福。此后，他生活在一個相對隔絕的環(huán)境里，與人的陪伴相比，他更喜歡狗的陪伴。他曾經(jīng)寫道，六分之五的人只配得到輕蔑。有人稱，他曾把鄰居推下樓梯，理由只是他受到了打擾。結(jié)果，這個不幸的女裁縫再也不能繼續(xù)做她的工作了。
Shopenhauer died in Frankfurt of a heart attack on September 21, 1860. Nearing his death he had said to Eduard Grisenbach: “If at times I have thought myself unfortunate, it is because of a confusion, an error. I have mistaken myself for someone else... Who am I really?...”
叔本華于1860年9月21日在法蘭克福去世，死于心臟病突發(fā)。他死前曾對格萊森和說：“如果有時我認為自己不幸的話，那是因為一個困惑，一個錯誤。我已經(jīng)錯誤地把自己當(dāng)成了別人…我究竟是誰呢?…”
有關(guān)名人的英語故事：John Stuart Mill
約翰·斯圖爾特·穆勒
John Stuart Mill was born on 20 May, 1806 in London. His father was the influential radical thinker James Mill. In his Autobiography, Mill gives one of the most famous accounts of a childhood, certainly of a philosopher’s childhood. Interpretations have differed radically but everyone, including Mill, agrees that he had an extraordinary childhood, and that it shaped his later life as a thinker. Essentially, Mill tells us how his father educated him at home from an extremely early age until he went off to work in his father’s office at the age of 18. John Stuart Mill did not go to school or university. Instead his father established for him a unique experiment in education. At age three, Mill was learning ancient Greek and arithmetic. Soon he was being taken by his father on walks across the fields and reciting the evidence of his day’s reading.
約翰·斯圖爾特·穆勒于1806年5月20日出生于倫敦。他的父親是當(dāng)時非常有影響的激進主義思想家詹姆斯·穆勒。在穆勒《自傳》一書中，有一段非常著名的、對童年生活的描述，當(dāng)然，那是一個哲學(xué)家的童年。盡管對這本書的評論和解釋有著一些截然不同的版本，但包括穆勒在內(nèi)，所有的人都認為他有一個與眾不同的童年，這也對他日后成為一個思想家有很大影響。很重要的一點是，穆勒給我們講述了他父親是如何教育他的，從很小的時候在家中受教育直到18歲他到父親的辦公室上班。約翰·斯圖爾特·穆勒從來沒上過中學(xué)或大學(xué)，都是在父親獨特的教育方式下學(xué)習(xí)。三歲時他就學(xué)習(xí)了古希臘語和算術(shù)。不久后，父親帶他到田野上散步，并且要求他背誦他一天當(dāng)中所閱讀的文章。
At the age of eight, Mill began Latin, and this part of his life story is a long list of books in different languages. Several of these childhood texts are directly relevant to On Liberty, particularly ancient works of political theory by Plato, Aristotle and Cicero. From the age of twelve, Mill was taught logic, on which, in adult life, he became a leading authority.
八歲時穆勒開始學(xué)習(xí)拉丁語。他的這段生活就是一長串各種不同語言所寫的書籍的清單。童年時期閱讀的這些書籍對后期《論自由》的完成有直接影響，尤其是柏拉圖、亞里士多德、西塞羅等所寫的關(guān)于政治理論的古代著作對他影響較大。從12歲起穆勒開始學(xué)習(xí)邏輯學(xué)，長大之后，他成了這方面的權(quán)威。
Mill also draws our attention to missing elements in his education, notably the absence of religion, for which he remains grateful. On the other hand, he does look back on a more damaging absence, the lack of affection. For some readers, notably Mill’s friend Carlyle, this is the account of a nightmare childhood. For others, such as the contemporary philosopher Jonathan Riley, the verdict is more mixed, as it seems to have been for Mill himself. Many of his father’s political ideas continue to find expression within On Liberty, but in other ways, as Isaiah Berlin observes, the book can be seen as a reaction against an upbringing— given its emphasis upon the well-being of the individual and upon the need for people to find their own way of living and thinking.
穆勒也將人們的注意力集中到他在教育上缺失的那部分，尤其是宗教部分的缺失，為此穆勒很慶幸。從另一方面講，他也確實回憶過他童年一種更加有害的缺乏——缺乏愛。對于許多讀者，特別是穆勒的朋友凱雷來說，那簡直是噩夢般的童年。而對于其他一些人，就像當(dāng)時的哲學(xué)家喬納森·萊里，他的評價就有點復(fù)雜，就像他是穆勒一樣。而父親的政治觀點也持續(xù)影響著他的寫作，在《論自由》中都有所體現(xiàn)。但以賽亞·伯林從另一角度出發(fā)，他認為我們可以把這本書看成是穆勒反抗其成長方式的體現(xiàn)——強調(diào)個人的幸福生活，強調(diào)人們對于尋找自己的生活和思考方式的需要。
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