2015年6月份的四六級(jí)備考正在緊鑼密鼓的進(jìn)行中，一向作為復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)的作文，自然不可小覷啦。倒裝句一直作為英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)中的重難點(diǎn)之一，尤其對(duì)于寫作來(lái)說(shuō)，在蕓蕓考生的試卷中，一次精彩倒裝句的使用可能會(huì)使監(jiān)考老師興奮不已，當(dāng)然咯，拿高分不在話下。今天小編就為大家科普一下倒裝句的來(lái)歷及如何正確使用的姿勢(shì)。

　　一、何謂英語(yǔ)倒裝句

　　為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、突出等語(yǔ)的目的而顛倒原有語(yǔ)序的句式叫做倒裝句。由于語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的要求，或是由于修辭的需要，往往要改變句子的自然語(yǔ)序，把一些本應(yīng)置于主語(yǔ)之后的句子成分提到主語(yǔ)之前，而且倒裝語(yǔ)序大多都用于強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　二、英語(yǔ)倒裝句的分類

　　常用的倒裝句為完全倒裝，部分倒裝，特殊從句倒裝，比較從句倒裝。

　　1、完全倒裝

　　完全倒樁，又稱"全部倒裝"，是指將句子中的謂語(yǔ)全部置于主語(yǔ)之前，通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　(1) 謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)+……There be/appear/come/remain+主語(yǔ)(+地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

　　e.g. There appeared to be a woman in red.那里有個(gè)穿紅衣服的女人。

　　(2) 副詞+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+名詞主語(yǔ)+表示方向的副詞，如 out, down, in, up, away, on

　　e.g. Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.

　　若開(kāi)頭用詞為：here, there, now, thus, hence, then，也會(huì)倒裝

　　e.g. Here comes the taxi.

　　(3) 過(guò)去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞+be的各種形式+主語(yǔ)+……

　　e.g. Scattered on the floor were several books and magazines.

　　2、部分倒裝

　　部分倒裝，又稱半倒裝句，指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前,而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞無(wú)變化。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞 do, does 或 did，并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。

　　(1) 下列否定詞及含有否定意義的詞組修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，若置句首，句子的主謂要部分倒裝 ：

　　never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in no way, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner than, under no circumstances, in vain, still less。

　　e.g. Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.

　　(2) 以only修飾狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子，句子的主謂要部分倒裝

　　e.g. Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.

　　(3) 以下列副詞或短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子，句子的主謂要部分倒裝

　　倒裝副詞/短語(yǔ)：often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point，many a time

　　e.g. So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

　　3、特殊從句的倒裝

　　(1)讓步從句的倒裝

　　(i) as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：必須采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但不是主謂倒裝，而是將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容置于句首。

　　e.g. Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job.

　　(ii) 出現(xiàn)在句型be+主語(yǔ)+其他中。

　　e.g. Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge—be it scientific or artistic. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. Come what may, I’ll be on your side.

　　4、比較從句的倒裝

　　as, than 引導(dǎo)的比較從句中，如果主語(yǔ)是名詞短語(yǔ)且較長(zhǎng)，經(jīng)常采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)(不倒裝也可以)。注意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)一般為名詞，如果是代詞則不倒裝。

　　例如： Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce. Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.