供應(yīng)鏈管理(Supply chain management，SCM)是一種集成的管理思想和方法，它執(zhí)行供應(yīng)鏈中從供應(yīng)商到最終用戶的物流的計(jì)劃和控制等職能。接下來(lái)小編為大家整理什么是SCM，希望對(duì)你有幫助哦!

　　Supply chain management (SCM) is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the operations of the supply chain with the purpose to satisfy customer requirements as efficiently as possible. Supply chain management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption.

　　Some experts distinguish supply chain management and logistics management, while others consider the terms to be interchangeable. From the point of view of an enterprise, the scope of supply chain management is usually bounded on the supply side by your supplier's suppliers and on the customer side by your customer's customers.

　　Supply chain management is also a category of software products.

　　Supply chain management must address the following problems:

　　Distribution Network Configuration: number and location of suppliers, production facilities, distribution centers, warehouses, and customers

　　Distribution Strategy: centralized versus decentralized, direct shipment, cross docking, pull or push strategies, third party logistics

　　Information: integrate systems and processes through the supply chain to share valuable information, including demand signals, forecasts, inventory, and transportation

　　Inventory Management: quantity and location of inventory including raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods

　　SCOR is an operations reference model for supply chain promoted by the Supply-Chain Council.

　　Strategic

　　Strategic network optimization, including the number, location, and size of warehouses, distribution centers and facilities.

　　Strategic partnership with suppliers, distributors, and customers, creating communication channels for critical information and operational improvements such as cross docking, direct shipping, and third-party logistics

　　Product design coordination, so that new and existing products can be optimally integrated into the supply chain

　　Information Technology infrastructure, to support supply chain operations

　　Tactical

　　Sourcing contracts and other purchasing decisions

　　Production decisions, including contracting, locations, scheduling, and planning process definition

　　Inventory decisions, including quantity, location, and quality of inventory

　　Transportation strategy, including frequency, routes, and contracting

　　Benchmarking of all operations against competitors and implementation of best practices throughout the enterprise

　　Operational

　　Daily production and distribution planning, including all nodes in the supply chain

　　Production scheduling for each manufacturing facility in the supply chain (minute by minute)

　　Demand planning and forecasting, coordinating the demand forecast of all customers and sharing the forecast with all suppliers

　　Sourcing planning, including current inventory and forecast demand, in collaboration with all suppliers

　　Inbound operations, including transportation from suppliers and receiving inventory

　　Production operations, including the consumption of materials and flow of finished goods

　　Outbound operations, including all fulfillment activities and transportation to customers

　　Order promising, accounting for all constraints in the supply chain, including all suppliers, manufacturing facilities, distribution centers, and other customers