網絡是怎樣工作的

　　在計算機領域中，網絡就是用物理鏈路將各個孤立的工作站或主機相連在一起，組成數(shù)據(jù)鏈路，從而達到資源共享和通信的目的。接下來小編為大家整理了網絡是怎樣工作的。希望對你有幫助哦!

　　The World Wide Web，the graphical portion of the Internet， is the most popular part of the Internet by far. Once you spend time on the Web，you will begin to feel like there is no limit to what you can discover. The Web allows rich and diverse communication by displaying text，graphics，animation，photos，sound and video.

　　So just what is this miraculous creation? The Web physically consists of your personal computer，web browser software， a connection to an Internet service provider， computers called servers that host digital data and routers and switches to direct the flow of information.

　　The Web is known as a client-server system. Your computer is the client; the remote computers that store electronic files are the servers. Here's how it works：

　　Let's say you want to pay a visit to the the Louvre museum website. First you enter the address or URLof the website in your web browser (more about this shortly)。 Then your browser requests the web page from the web server that hosts the Louvre's site. The Louvre's server sends the data over the Internet to your computer. Your web browser interprets the data， displaying it on your computer screen.

　　The Louvre's website also has links to the sites of other museums，uch as the Vatican Museum. When you click your mouse on a link， you access the web server for the Vatican Museum.

　　The "glue" that holds the Web together is called hypertext and hyperlinks。 This feature allow electronic files on the Web to be linked so you can easily jump between them. On the Web， you navigate through pages of information based on what interests you at that particular moment， commonly known as browsing or surfing the Net.

　　To access the Web you need web browser software， such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer. How does your web browser distinguish between web pages and other files on the Internet? Web pages are written in a computer language called Hypertext Markup Language or HTML.

　　Some Web History

　　The World Wide Web (WWW) was originally developed in 1990 at CERN，the European Laboratory for Particle Physics. It is now managed by The World Wide Web Consortium， also known as the World Wide Web Initiative.

　　The WWW Consortium is funded by a large number of corporate members， including AT&T， Adobe Systems， Inc.， Microsoft Corporation and Sun Microsystems， Inc. Its purpose is to promote the growth of the Web by developing technical specifications and reference software that will be freely available to everyone. The Consortium is run by MIT with INRIA (The French National Institute for Research in Computer Science) acting as European host， in collaboration with CERN.

　　The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign， was instrumental in the development of early graphical software utilizing the World Wide Web features created by CERN. NCSA focuses on improving the productivity of researchers by providing software for scientific modeling， analysis， and visualization. The World Wide Web was an obvious way to fulfill that mission. NCSA Mosaic， one of the earliest web browsers， was distributed free to the public. It led directly to the phenomenal growth of the World Wide Web.