關于金融制度情景對話
關于金融制度情景對話
下面學習啦小編為大家?guī)斫鹑谟⒄Z關于金融制度情景對話,歡迎大家學習!
關于金融制度情景對話一:日本金融制度
Bob Dillon ,a banker from the United States ,is talking with a Japanese banker about the financial and monetary system in Japan .
來自美國的銀行家鮑勃·狄龍正與一位日本銀行家談論日本的金融和貨幣制度。
Dillon:Note issue in Japan is controlled by the Bank of Japan ,isn't it ?
狄龍:日本的紙幣發(fā)行是由日本銀行控制嗎?
Banker:Yes,the Bank of Japan has statutory authority to issue yen currency and coinage which is the sole legal tender in Japan.
銀行家:是的,在發(fā)行日元和硬幣方面,日本銀行擁有法定性的權(quán)威,它所發(fā)行的日元和硬幣是日本唯一的法幣。
D;I have heard a lot about redenomination in Japan .Do you expect that to take place soon ?
狄龍:我聽到了許多有關日本打算重新規(guī)定日元單位面額的消息,您預料這件事會很快著手進行嗎?
B;That's a very good question,Mr.Dillon ,and I wish I could answer it .
銀行家:這是個很好的問題:狄龍先生,我真希望能回答這個問題。
The Bank of Japan has had that issue under discussion for a long time ,but it hasn't been resolved yet .
實際上,日本銀行就這個問題已討論很久,但仍未做出決定。
D:When was the bank founded ?
狄龍:該銀行是什么時候建立的?
B:It was established in 1882 and patterned on the National Bank of Belgium .
銀行家:它是1822年按照比利時國民銀行的模式建立的,
Its note-issuing provisions were modeled on those of the German Central Bank .
它的貨幣發(fā)行章程是仿照德國中央銀行制定的。
D:Is it a government agency ?
狄龍:它是一個政府機構(gòu)嗎?
B:Yes,since 1942 it has been an agency of the government in actual practice .
銀行家:是的,從1942年起,日本銀行在實際業(yè)務方面已成為政府的機構(gòu),
While it was originally founded by private stockholders ,the finance minister has had direct authority over its management since its charter was modified in 1942.
雖然它原本是由私人股東創(chuàng)辦起來的。但是,自從1942年它的章程修訂以后,財政部長對于這個銀行管理有著直接的權(quán)威。
D:It's very much like the Bank of England ,then .That also started as a private institution .
狄龍:這一點很象當時的英格蘭銀行,那個銀行開始時也是一個私人機構(gòu)。
B:In the respect it is similar .But the Bank of Japan has a much broader charter to undertake all kinds of financial activities ,
銀行家:在這方面是相似的。但是日本銀行擁有更加廣泛的職權(quán)從事各種財政金融活動,
as directed by the Cabinet .
這是在內(nèi)閣直接指揮下進行的。
關于金融制度情景對話二:英國金融制度
Tatsuo Horita ,a banker from Japan ,is visiting with an officer of the Bank of England .
來自日本的銀行家堀田達夫正在與英格蘭銀行的一位高級職員閑談,
They are talking about the British monetary and financial system .
他們正談論著英國的貨幣和金融制度。
Horita:I understand that Bank of England notes have been legal tender in Britain since the early part of the 19th century .
堀 田:據(jù)我所知,從19世紀初葉,英格蘭銀行發(fā)行的紙幣就已經(jīng)成為英國的法幣了。
Officer:Yes,actually from 1883,long before the Bank of England was the official central bank for Britain.
職 員:是的,實際上從1833年開始,英格蘭銀行早已成為英國的官方中央銀行了,
And special restrictions put on note issurance by other banks in 1844 caused most banks to discontinue issuing notes.
而且在1844年,還對其他銀行的貨幣發(fā)行實行期一些特別的限制,這就使得大多數(shù)的銀行不再繼續(xù)發(fā)行紙幣。
H:Weren't Bank of England notes backed by specie?
堀 田:英格蘭銀行發(fā)行的紙幣不是以金銀鑄幣作為依據(jù)嗎?
O:Specie or government bonds until 1931.Since then ,of course,the Bank of England like other central banks has not held specie reserves equal to our note issue.
職 員:直到1931年,還是以鑄幣或政府的債券為依據(jù)的。當然,從那以后,象其它的中央銀行一樣,英格蘭銀行并不持有與我們發(fā)行的紙幣等量的金銀鑄幣儲備。
H:When did the Bank of England become the official central bank of the United Kingdom?
堀 田:英格蘭銀行什么時候成為聯(lián)合王國的官方中央銀行的呢?
O:That's difficult to say .Actually ,the bank was nationalized by the government in 1946.
職員:這很難說,實際上,在1946年政府已將其收歸國有。
Before that ,however ,the bank had been the central banking instituion for over a century .
然而,在這之前,英格蘭銀行就已經(jīng)成為中央銀行有100多年了。
While we were privately owned ,successive governments felt that we operated in the public interest and gradually enacted laws,
當時,雖然我們是私立銀行,但歷屆政府都認為我們的業(yè)務經(jīng)營活動有利于公眾利益,并逐步地有所立法,
which gave us various supervisory functions over other banks .
這一切賦予了我們對其他銀行的各種監(jiān)督職能。
H:So the bank now makes fiscal and monetary policies for the country ?
堀田:因此,目前該銀行就是為國家制定財政和金融政策的。
O:In coperation with the Cabinet we do .Our functions are not as independent as those of the Federal Reserve in the United States.
職員:我們在與內(nèi)閣合作中行使我們的職能,但我們的職能不象美國聯(lián)邦儲備那樣具有獨立性。