沒有英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)怎么學(xué)習(xí)
沒有英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)怎么學(xué)習(xí)
英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)只是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的根本，即使沒有基礎(chǔ)也可以打下基礎(chǔ)。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的沒有英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)怎么學(xué)習(xí)，供大家參閱!
零基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法：讀英文報(bào)紙
1. 選取文章時(shí)，選擇比自己現(xiàn)有水平高一點(diǎn)的文章
太簡(jiǎn)單的文章學(xué)不到新東西，太難了又看不懂容易打擊學(xué)習(xí)積極性。所以說(shuō)，偶爾的幾個(gè)生詞，結(jié)合你感興趣的閱讀素材——BINGO!
2. 學(xué)會(huì)快速泛讀
不要覺得逐字逐句的精讀是提高英文水平的關(guān)鍵。有時(shí)候提高理解力更為重要：學(xué)會(huì)一目十行(英文)的技能，瞬間理解全文大意，會(huì)讓你很有成就感哦!
3. 第一遍讀切忌查字典
第一遍讀的時(shí)候，遇到生詞的你只能靠猜猜猜!這樣才不會(huì)打亂你閱讀的節(jié)奏。第二遍第三遍的時(shí)候，再去查你沒弄懂的生詞，尤其是那些文章里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的。
4. 記生詞并及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)
一遍猜，二遍查，三遍記。及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)最重要!
5. 切記選擇你感興趣的題材
讀自己喜歡的題材并弄懂大意，是讓你的英文水平自然而然提升的訣竅，而且比死記硬背的學(xué)習(xí)方法效率高多了，自己也樂在其中。
閱讀文章的時(shí)候，千萬(wàn)不要想著：我是為了背單詞讀的、我是為了記這個(gè)表達(dá)方法在讀……隨時(shí)隨地提醒自己，閱讀是一種樂趣和享受，就和看電影打游戲一樣，是一種娛樂消遣的方式。
讀自己感興趣的題材，還可以在茶余飯后和別人討論話題時(shí)，更能侃侃而談哦!
6. 但是呢……各種題材都要涉獵一些
只讀自己喜歡的題材很容易把詞匯量局限在特定區(qū)域，為了別人和你聊天的時(shí)候“有話可說(shuō)”，任何題材都要有所涉獵，才能讓別人覺得你學(xué)識(shí)淵博。這也是快速裝X的有效技能之一：頭頭是道的說(shuō)辭都是從文章上看來(lái)的!
7. 雙語(yǔ)平行閱讀法
如果你覺得只看英文對(duì)于你來(lái)說(shuō)段位太高，這個(gè)建議送給你：雙語(yǔ)平行閱讀法!中英文雙語(yǔ)閱讀不僅能讓你理解全文，對(duì)照表達(dá)更能提升英文水平。
8. 定期定時(shí)閱讀
每天只讀15分鐘比一周讀2小時(shí)效果要好的多。晨讀是最有效碎片化閱讀：選兩篇你喜歡的英文小新聞，既能了解今日新鮮事，又能提高學(xué)習(xí)的成就感，雙贏!
9. 邊看邊讀
一邊看一邊讀有助于你建立信心：這些單詞和表達(dá)方法我也可以熟練使用!遇到不會(huì)讀的生詞，這次就要查查發(fā)音字典了。
10. 堅(jiān)持就是勝利
習(xí)慣成久變自然。同一個(gè)行為重復(fù)的次數(shù)越多，你心里的成就感和愉悅感會(huì)隨著次數(shù)的增加而加倍。很多外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者反饋，讀更多的外文報(bào)刊，喜樂的心情也跟著五花八門的話題一樣變得多彩起來(lái)。
零基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法
1. Get interested
第一步：對(duì)所學(xué)之物感興趣
Make no mistake. Your interest in the subject is the essentialdriver of success. You can"t learn what you do not want to learn.Emotion is an important part of the learning process. If you areeven moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance.The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurableroutines, you may find that the subject grows on you. “L’appetitvient en mangeant” (the appetite comes with eating) as they say inFrench。
可別搞錯(cuò)了，興趣是成功學(xué)成某件事的根本要素!你不想學(xué)的東西當(dāng)然學(xué)不會(huì)。在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中保持熱情至關(guān)重要。所以如果你對(duì)某件事有些興趣，那就給自己一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。關(guān)鍵是要“開始”!如果你能創(chuàng)造一些讓自己開心的學(xué)習(xí)模式，那么就能好好開始學(xué)習(xí)這門科目。就像他們?cè)诜ㄕZ(yǔ)里說(shuō)的那樣：吃著吃著就有胃口了!很多同學(xué)因?yàn)榭疵绖』騽?dòng)漫而對(duì)英語(yǔ)、日語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的興趣，這就是一個(gè)很棒的開始。如果你能抓住這個(gè)興趣，把興趣發(fā)展到語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中，你就不僅僅能得到看劇的快樂，更能為自己添加一種新的能力。不要擔(dān)心自己學(xué)不下來(lái)，總要給自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)開始。
2. Expect problems and you won’t bedisappointed。
第二步：降低期望值，這樣就不會(huì)對(duì)自己失望
Don't expect to understand things, much less remember them,the first time you study them. Trust that things will get cleareras your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like ajig-saw puzzle or a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put thepieces together, or string the words together, the full picturebecomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its ownschedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laiddown by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learnthan others. Some things just take longer to click in. Keep at it,and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult atfirst, will become second nature with time。
當(dāng)一開始學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，別指望能一下就全部理解、更別說(shuō)記住所有知識(shí)點(diǎn)了。要相信，隨著你了解越來(lái)越多的新知識(shí)、你的頭腦也會(huì)變得清晰起來(lái)。這就像是拼圖、或者填字游戲那樣：當(dāng)你把圖形一個(gè)一個(gè)拼起來(lái)、或是把單詞一一填進(jìn)去，整個(gè)大局就會(huì)清楚。大腦其實(shí)隨時(shí)都在學(xué)習(xí)，不過(guò)它也有自己的節(jié)奏。學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程是不會(huì)按照一個(gè)課程、或是老師給你規(guī)定的進(jìn)行的。有的東西比其他好學(xué)，有的東西就是需要花更多時(shí)間。堅(jiān)持下去，你慢慢就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些一開始看上去很難的東西也會(huì)隨著時(shí)間變得簡(jiǎn)單了。
3. Cover the same ground from differentangles。
第三步：從不同的角度學(xué)習(xí)同一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with newinput from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how longyou focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. Ifyou are stuck, move on. Then cover the same general informationfrom a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or anonline lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roamingthe countryside, rather than a feedlot learner, just standing therein one spot, munching on the same bale of hay. The broader yourbase, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”， themore you know, the more you can learn。
在新知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，你的大腦會(huì)通過(guò)固有模式來(lái)接受新的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。有的時(shí)候，不管花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間對(duì)著一個(gè)科目，你就是記不住它。如果卡在這種時(shí)候，就略過(guò)它。跟著從其他的信息來(lái)源：比如不同的書籍、播客、線上課程或視頻來(lái)重新學(xué)習(xí)同一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。試著把自己變成一個(gè)“放養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——在知識(shí)的草原上四處周游;而不是“圈養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——只站在一個(gè)點(diǎn)上學(xué)習(xí)，反復(fù)咀嚼一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)?？吹卦綇V、就能學(xué)的輕松。就像是“有錢的更有錢”的道理那樣，你知道的越多、就能學(xué)的越多。
4. Be a multimedia learner。
第四步：做一個(gè)多媒體學(xué)習(xí)者
The more varied your learning content, and the more varied theways in which you learn, the clearer the puzzle will become.Different learning activities suit different people, at differenttimes of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep yourinterest level up. Even if listening and reading work best for you,treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or get-together with otherlearners. This will renew your batteries。
你學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容越多、來(lái)源越多，你就會(huì)對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)越清楚。不同的人適合不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法，每天的學(xué)習(xí)“興奮點(diǎn)”也不錯(cuò)。所以最好能找到自己的一套學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律來(lái)保持自己的“興奮度”。即便聽和讀是你習(xí)慣的學(xué)習(xí)方式，也要讓自己試著去聽聽看視頻的演講、或是跟其他學(xué)習(xí)者交流。這會(huì)讓你重新充滿精力!
5. Anytime is learning time。
第五步：隨時(shí)都是學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間!
Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and variousmobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books andmagazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on thetrain, or while jogging. Have your learning with you while waitingin the doctor's office, or listen while checking out at thesupermarket. Anytime is learning time. Remember, you are learningthrough exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more likemoisture accumulation in a cloud, rather than building a brickwall。
一定要好好利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、iTunes和其他多種移動(dòng)便攜設(shè)備，更不用說(shuō)書籍和雜志這樣的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)資源啦!把那些“死時(shí)間”也都利用起來(lái)：開車、坐火車、或者慢跑時(shí)都可以聽課。在醫(yī)院排隊(duì)、或是超市等結(jié)賬的時(shí)候你有沒有在聽課呢?其實(shí)隨時(shí)都可以是學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。記住，你要與學(xué)習(xí)材料耳鬢廝磨來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，而不是痛苦地一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)去啃材料。這個(gè)過(guò)程更像是一朵云的形成，是水汽的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)累計(jì);而不像砌一面墻那樣，把磚堆上去就好。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)就在于“隨時(shí)隨地”!只要有網(wǎng)絡(luò)，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間由你定。有的人適合早起，一清早最有效率;可有的人就是天生的夜貓子，早晨的學(xué)習(xí)效率無(wú)論如何都高不起來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在都不用擔(dān)心了，你完全可以按照適合自己的時(shí)間點(diǎn)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)、來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。
6. Join learning communities。
第六步：加入學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)
The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of thepast. Join a learning community on the web, where members sharetheir knowledge and experience. Search for the communities thatsuit your interests and learning style. You will findencouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, as well asfrom tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you canmeasure your progress against your own goals, or compare yourexperience with that of other learners. You can even teach and helpothers, which is a great way to learn。
“遠(yuǎn)程教育是孤獨(dú)的”概念已經(jīng)成為過(guò)去?，F(xiàn)在你可以加入一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)，和大家一起分享知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)。找一個(gè)符合你興趣和學(xué)習(xí)方式的社區(qū)。在那里你可以從其他學(xué)習(xí)者身上找到鼓勵(lì)、建議和動(dòng)力，同時(shí)也有導(dǎo)師、老師和教練給你提供支持。在這些社區(qū)中，你能更好地檢驗(yàn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)度、也可以和其他學(xué)習(xí)者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。甚至，你還可以教授或幫助其他人，這的確是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的好方法!
零基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)誤區(qū)
It’s a myth that intelligent people are better at learning languages.
聰明的人更擅長(zhǎng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)?這種話只是傳說(shuō)而已。
Sure, it doesn’t hurt, especially when innately academic types hold an arsenal of learning strategies. Most language learning skills, however, are in fact habits, which can be formed through a bit of discipline and self-awareness.
當(dāng)然，這也算不什么，尤其對(duì)那些天生會(huì)讀書的人來(lái)說(shuō)來(lái)說(shuō)，他們對(duì)各類學(xué)習(xí)方法可謂駕輕就熟。但實(shí)際上大多數(shù)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)技巧都是習(xí)慣，稍加自覺和訓(xùn)練便能獲得。
Here are the five most common mistakes language learners make – and how to correct them...
下面是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者最常犯的五個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，以及改正錯(cuò)誤的方法。
1. Not listening enough
聽得不夠
There’s a school of linguistics that believes language learning begins with a “silent period”. Just as babies learn to produce language by hearing and parroting sounds, language learners need to practise listening in order to learn. This can reinforce learned vocabulary and structures, and help learners see patterns in language.
很多語(yǔ)言學(xué)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該從“無(wú)聲階段”起步。但是，就好比嬰兒通過(guò)收聽與模仿牙牙學(xué)語(yǔ)一樣，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者也需要通過(guò)聽力練習(xí)加以提高。這不僅能強(qiáng)化學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)，還有助于學(xué)習(xí)者領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)言模式。
Listening is the communicative skill we use most in daily life, yet it can be difficult to practise unless you live in a foreign country or attend immersive language classes. The solution? Find music, podcasts, TV shows and movies in the target language, and listen, listen, listen, as often as possible.
聽力是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪凶畛Ｓ玫慕涣骷记?，可練?xí)起來(lái)就未必容易——除非你在國(guó)外生活或?qū)W習(xí)大量的語(yǔ)言課程。那到底該怎么辦呢?找些外語(yǔ)歌曲、視頻、電視劇和電影，然后盡可能地多聽、多聽、多聽!
2. Lack of curiosity
興趣不足
In language learning, attitude can be a key factor in how a student progresses.
學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言，態(tài)度是決定學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)步程度的關(guān)鍵因素。
Linguists studied attitude in language learning in the 1970s in Quebec, Canada, when tension was high between Anglo- and Francophones. The study found that Anglophones holding prejudices against French Canadians often did poorly in French language learning, even after studying French for years as a mandatory school subject.
20世紀(jì)70年代，在加拿大的魁北克省，講英語(yǔ)和講法語(yǔ)兩派之間關(guān)系緊張，語(yǔ)言學(xué)家為此研究了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中的態(tài)度因素。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)加拿大法語(yǔ)派持有偏見的英語(yǔ)派，即便多年接受法語(yǔ)義務(wù)教育，法語(yǔ)水平還是普遍較差。
On the other hand, a learner who is keen about the target culture will be more successful in their language studies. The culturally curious students will be more receptive to the language and more open to forming relationships with native speakers.
相反，對(duì)外語(yǔ)文化感興趣的人更容易學(xué)好外語(yǔ)。對(duì)外語(yǔ)文化感興趣的學(xué)習(xí)者更易于接受外語(yǔ)，也更愿意同當(dāng)?shù)厝私煌?/p>
3. Rigid thinking
思維刻板
Linguists have found that students with a low tolerance of ambiguity tend to struggle with language learning.
語(yǔ)言學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，不太能容忍模糊性的學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)起語(yǔ)言來(lái)會(huì)比較困難。
Language learning involves a lot of uncertainty – students will encounter new vocabulary daily, and for each grammar rule there will be a dialectic exception or irregular verb. Until native-like fluency is achieved, there will always be some level of ambiguity.
語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)涉及很多不確定性——學(xué)習(xí)者每天都遇到新的詞匯，每條語(yǔ)法規(guī)則也都可能包含截然相反的闡釋或不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞。除非外語(yǔ)的流利程度已接近母語(yǔ)，否則學(xué)習(xí)者總會(huì)遇到這種模棱兩可的情況。
The type of learner who sees a new word and reaches for the dictionary instead of guessing the meaning from the context may feel stressed and disoriented in an immersion class. Ultimately, they might quit their language studies out of sheer frustration. It’s a difficult mindset to break, but small exercises can help. Find a song or text in the target language and practice figuring out the gist, even if a few words are unknown.
學(xué)習(xí)者如果遇到生詞就立即查字典，而不試著聯(lián)系上下文猜測(cè)詞義，可能會(huì)變得毫無(wú)頭緒、倍感吃力，最后甚至?xí)驗(yàn)槭艽於艞壵Z(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)。這種思維定勢(shì)很難突破，但稍加訓(xùn)練也可以有所改觀。找一首外語(yǔ)歌曲或一篇外語(yǔ)文章，不去管那些生詞，試著弄懂大意。
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