如何提高英語(yǔ)閱讀能力

　　摘要：SQ3R是一種閱讀方法，由英語(yǔ)Survey，Question，Read，Recite，Review五個(gè)詞的第一個(gè)字母組合而成，分別代表“瀏覽、發(fā)問(wèn)、閱讀、復(fù)述、復(fù)習(xí)”五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)階段。

　　SQ3R is a reading strategy formed from its letters: Survey! Question! Read! Recite! Review!

　　SQ3R will help you build a framework to understand your reading assignment.

　　SQ3R是一種閱讀方法，由英語(yǔ)Survey，Question，Read，Recite，Review五個(gè)詞的第一個(gè)字母組合而成，分別代表“瀏覽、發(fā)問(wèn)、閱讀、復(fù)述、復(fù)習(xí)”五個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)階段。

　　SQ3R將幫助你搭建一個(gè)框架從而理解你的閱讀任務(wù)。

　　Before you read, Survey the chapter:

　　在你閱讀之前，瀏覽一下章節(jié):

　　·the title, headings, and subheadings

　　瀏覽目錄，標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題

　　·captions under pictures, charts, graphs or maps

　　瀏覽圖片，表格，圖表或地圖下的文字說(shuō)明

　　·review questions or teacher-made study guides

　　回顧問(wèn)題或老師制定的學(xué)習(xí)指南

　　·introductory and concluding paragraphs

　　注意開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾段落

　　·summary

　　進(jìn)行總結(jié)

　　Question while you are surveying:

　　瀏覽時(shí)的問(wèn)題：

　　·Turn the title, headings, and/or subheadings into questions

　　就題目，標(biāo)題或副標(biāo)題提問(wèn)

　　·Read questions at the end of the chapters or after each subheading

　　閱讀每個(gè)章節(jié)或每個(gè)副標(biāo)題后面提出的問(wèn)題

　　·Ask yourself, "What did my instructor say about this chapter or subject when it was assigned?"

　　問(wèn)自己，“老師布置任務(wù)的時(shí)候?qū)@個(gè)章節(jié)或主題都講了什么內(nèi)容?”

　　·Ask yourself, "What do I already know about this subject?"

　　問(wèn)自己，“對(duì)這個(gè)主題我都知道些什么?”

　　Note: If it is helpful to you, write out these questions for consideration.This variation is called SQW3R.

　　注意：如果這對(duì)你有所幫助，試著把這些問(wèn)題寫下來(lái)以供思考。這就演變成SQW3R法( Survey，Question，Write, Read，Recite，Review)，即“瀏覽、發(fā)問(wèn)、書(shū)寫、閱讀、復(fù)述、復(fù)習(xí)”。

　　When you begin to Read:

　　在你開(kāi)始閱讀時(shí):

　　·Look for answers to the questions you first raised

　　尋找你剛開(kāi)始所提問(wèn)題的答案

　　·Answer questions at the beginning or end of chapters or study guides

　　在章節(jié)開(kāi)頭或章節(jié)末尾或?qū)W習(xí)指南處回答問(wèn)題

　　·Reread captions under pictures, graphs, etc.

　　重讀圖片，圖表等下的文字說(shuō)明

　　·Note all the underlined, italicized, bold printed words or phrases

　　對(duì)所有加下劃線，斜體和粗體的詞或短語(yǔ)作筆記

　　·Study graphic aids

　　學(xué)習(xí)圖表知識(shí)

　　·Reduce your speed for difficult passages

　　讀到難理解的地方放慢速度

　　·Stop and reread parts which are not clear

　　讀到不理解的地方停下來(lái)重新閱讀

　　·Read only a section at a time and recite after each section

　　一次只讀一個(gè)小節(jié)，每小節(jié)之后進(jìn)行背誦

　　Recite after you've read a section:

　　閱讀完一個(gè)小節(jié)之后進(jìn)行復(fù)述：

　　·Orally ask yourself questions about what you have just read, or summarize, in your own words, what you read

　　口頭復(fù)述，對(duì)剛閱讀完的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，或用自己的話進(jìn)行總結(jié)

　　·Take notes from the text but write the information in your own words

　　對(duì)所讀文本做筆記，并用自己的語(yǔ)言將信息表達(dá)出來(lái)

　　·Underline or highlight important points you've just read

　　讀到重點(diǎn)地方用下劃線或高光進(jìn)行標(biāo)記

　　·Reciting:

　　復(fù)述：

　　The more senses you use the more likely you are to remember what you read

　　利用的感官越多你就越容易記住你所閱讀的內(nèi)容

　　Triple strength learning: Seeing, saying, hearing

　　三倍功效學(xué)習(xí)法：看、說(shuō)、聽(tīng)

　　Quadruple strength learning: Seeing , saying , hearing, writing!!!

　　四倍功效學(xué)習(xí)法：看、說(shuō)、聽(tīng)、寫

　　Review: an ongoing process

　　復(fù)習(xí)：持續(xù)進(jìn)行的階段

　　Day One

　　第一天

　　·After you have read and recited the entire chapter, write questions in the margins for those points you have highlighted or underlined.

　　閱讀整個(gè)章節(jié)并復(fù)述完之后，在空白處對(duì)下劃線和高光標(biāo)記過(guò)的重點(diǎn)提些問(wèn)題并寫下來(lái)。

　　·If you took notes while reciting, write questions for the notes you have taken in the left hand margins of your notebook.

　　如果你在復(fù)述的過(guò)程中作了筆記，在筆記本的左邊空白處就所作筆記寫幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　·Complete the form for a critical reading review.

　　完成批判性閱讀復(fù)習(xí)表格。

　　Day Two

　　第二天

　　·Page through the text and/or your notebook to re-acquaint yourself with the important points.

　　瀏覽文本或你的筆記本來(lái)重新熟悉文章重點(diǎn)。

　　·Cover the right hand column of your text/note-book and orally ask yourself the questions in the left hand margins.

　　口述文本或筆記本左邊的問(wèn)題并在右邊空白處寫下你的答案。

　　·Orally recite or write the answers from memory.

　　根據(jù)記憶進(jìn)行口頭復(fù)述或?qū)懴履愕拇鸢浮?/p>

　　·Develop mnemonic devices for material which need to be memorized.

　　針對(duì)需要進(jìn)行記憶的材料想些特別的記憶方法。

　　·Make flash cards for those questions which give you difficulty.

　　對(duì)難理解的內(nèi)容提些問(wèn)題并制作成卡片。

　　Days Three, Four and Five

　　第三、四、五天

　　·Alternate between your flash cards and notes and test yourself(orally or in writing) on the questions you formulated.

　　根據(jù)所制作的問(wèn)題卡片對(duì)自己進(jìn)行測(cè)試(口頭或筆寫)。

　　·Make additional flash cards if necessary.

　　如有必要再制作額外的卡片。

　　Weekend

　　周末

　　·Using the text and notebook, make a Table of Contents - list all the topics and sub-topics you need to know from the chapter.

　　根據(jù)文本和筆記本制作一個(gè)目錄，把你需要了解的主題和子主題羅列出來(lái)。

　　·From the Table of Contents, make a Study Sheet.

　　根據(jù)目錄制作一張學(xué)習(xí)表。

　　·Recite the information orally and in your own words as you put the Study Sheet together.

　　學(xué)習(xí)表整合到一起后用自己的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行口頭復(fù)述，將信息表達(dá)出來(lái)。

　　·As you have consolidated all the information you need for this chapter, periodically review the Sheet/Map so that at test time you will not have to cram.

　　當(dāng)你把這一章節(jié)的所有需要用到的信息都鞏固了以后并定期復(fù)習(xí)這張學(xué)習(xí)表，考試的時(shí)候你就無(wú)需死記硬背啦。