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　　不定式短語

　　不定式(短語)可用作表示目的(a),原因(b),結(jié)果(c) 等的狀語:

　　a. Sever women came over to help her.

　　The children sleep together to keep warm.

　　b. I rejoice to hear that you are well.

　　We jumped with joy to hear that news.

　　c. She lived to be 100.

　　The curtain parted，to reveal a market scene.

　　目的狀語從句

　　目的狀語從句就是在復合句中表示主句動作發(fā)生目的的狀語從句。引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有so that(以便，為了), in order that (為了，以便) 。從句中一般含有can, could, may, might, will, would 等情態(tài)動詞。此外,in case(以防，以免), lest(免得，以防), for fear that(以免，惟恐),on purpose that ,in the hope that也可以引導目的狀語從句。

　　1. 用so that引導：so that此時的意思是“以便”。如：

　　She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them. 她把信都燒了，這樣一來她丈夫就永遠看不到了。

　　注意：so that引導目的狀語從句與引導結(jié)果狀語從句時的意思不一樣。

　　引導目的狀語從句的 so that 有時可省so 或 that，即單獨用 so 或 that 來引導目的狀語從句。如：

　　Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔細檢查，以便任何錯誤都可檢查出。

　　Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。

　　2. 用in order that引導：in order that的意思是“為了”。如： He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力學習以便能考試及格。

　　3. 其它

　　Be careful lest you fall from that tree. 要當心, 以免從樹上摔下來。

　　He hurried home for fear that he might miss his guests. 他急忙趕回家，唯恐見不到他的客人。

　　The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

　　用in case引導：in case此時的意思是“以防”“以備”。如：

　　I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round. 我平時總存著一瓶酒以備朋友來時喝。

　　It may rain—you’d better take an umbrella (just) in case it does. 可能會下雨你，最好帶把傘，以防萬一。

　　注意： in case既可引導目的狀語從句，也可引導條件狀語從句，主要視句意而定：

　　In case he comes, let me know. 如果他來，告訴我一聲。 Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請告訴我。

　　【注】in case引導目的狀語從句，從句有時可用“should+動詞原形”這樣的形式：

　　Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 帶著雨衣以防下雨。

　　目的狀語從句與狀語短語的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　為了簡潔起見，當目的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同時，目的狀語從句有時可用表目的的不定式短語替換：

　　He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. / He got up early so as to catch the early bus. 他起床很早以便趕上早班車。

　　He came in quietly in order that he shouldn't wake his wife. / He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife. 他輕輕進來，以免把他妻子吵醒。

　　有時還可與表示目的的介詞短語替換

　　He left an hour early for fear he might miss the train. / He left an hour early for fear of missing the train. 他提前一小時離開，以免錯過火車。