英語介詞By與through的區(qū)別

　　下面是學習啦小編整理的一些關(guān)于介詞By與through 的區(qū)別，歡迎大家閱讀!

　　英語介詞By 與 through 的區(qū)別:

　　1.by

　　(1)表示方法，手段。即“用...， 通過...以…方式

　　”相當于by means of 如：

　　All work had to be done by hand 所有的工作都是手工進行的。

　　He makes a living by teaching 他以教書為生。

　　It happened through no fault of mine.這件事的發(fā)生, 并非由于我的任何過錯。

　　He saluted her by raising his hat.他舉起帽子向她致意。

　　She earned money by writing.她靠寫作掙錢。

　　根據(jù);按照to play by the rules按規(guī)則比賽

　　相差His horse won by a nose.他的馬以一鼻之差取勝。

　　(2)表示傳達、傳遞的方式或煤介。如：

　　How did you send the letter, by airmail or by ordinary mail?

　　你是怎么發(fā)送的這信，是通過航天郵件還是普通郵件?

　　(3)表示用交通工具、通訊工具后接名詞單數(shù)，不加冠詞。如：

　　He came by train, but his wife came by bus. 他是乘火車來的，可是他老婆是坐公共汽車來的。

　　注意下面兩句的區(qū)別：

　　Did you come by train? =Did you come in his car / on my bike?

　　“by +抽象名詞”構(gòu)成的詞組有：

　　by accident / by chance / by diligence / by effort / by force / by heart / by luck / by mistake / by hard work.

　　(4)指數(shù)量增加或減少到的程度，相差。

　　We lost the match by one goal 我們僅以一球之差輸了比賽。

　　(5)根據(jù)，按照

　　pay sb by the hour /day/week

　　Sell sth by the pound /meter/ dozen

　　sell sth by weight/length

　　As a rule，domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour 通常，家政服務(wù)是按照小時計酬的。

　　They marched by night.他們夜里進軍。

　　2. through

　　(1) 表示“以;通過;經(jīng)由”。如：

　　He succeeded through hard work.

　　(2) 空間上通過，透過，經(jīng)過

　　Light comes in through the window。光線從窗戶進來。

　　(3) 時間上通過， 自始至終，從頭到尾經(jīng)過

　　He often works through the night 他常常通宵工作。

　　注意：在表示手段表示“藉著;以…;經(jīng)由”時，by, through有時也可換用。如：

　　Through his efforts he succeeded in making so many useful inventions.

　　By his efforts he succeeded in making so many useful inventions

　　He became rich through hard work.他靠努力工作而致富。

　　3、固定搭配

　　1)through

　　through：透;徹底

　　be wet through渾身濕透

　　through：自始至終，從頭到尾

　　Have you read the letter through?你看完信了嗎?

　　through：情況好;取得成功

　　I got through with good marks.我考的成績很好。

　　through：打通，接通(電話)

　　Can you put me through to Mr Jones?請幫我接通瓊斯先生的電話。

　　through：做完的; 完成的;完畢的

　　I'm not through just yet.我還沒做完。

　　through：從頭到尾

　　travel through the country游遍全國

　　go through a bottle of wine喝完一瓶酒

　　through the ages 古往今來

　　You are through.[英]你要的電話接通了。

　　Are you through?[美]你的電話打完了嗎?

　　2) by

　　by and by不久以后;不一會兒

　　by and large全盤;總的來說

　　in days gone by昔日

　　put your work by for a minute把你的工作稍擱片刻

　　These oranges were put by for the winter.

　　這些桔子被儲存起來留冬天吃。