英語(yǔ)科幻電影常見科技詞匯單詞
英語(yǔ)科幻電影常見科技詞匯單詞
科幻電影中總有許多炫酷奇妙的科幻詞匯，對(duì)于這些科技詞匯你知道哪些呢，今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編在這里為大家介紹英語(yǔ)科幻電影常見科技詞匯，歡迎大家閱讀！
英語(yǔ)科幻電影常見科技詞匯
Time travel
時(shí)空旅行
While time travel has been considered since as early as The Mahabharata, H. G. Wells gave the English language much-used terminology on the subject. In 1894 Wells coined terms related to time travel such as time travelling and time traveller in his story with the heading "Time Travelling: Possibility or Paradox."
雖然時(shí)空旅行的想法在《摩呵婆羅多》中就出現(xiàn)過(guò)，但是，將這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)帶入英語(yǔ)的是H·G·威爾斯。1894年，威爾斯在名為《時(shí)空旅行：可能還是悖論》的故事中創(chuàng)造了時(shí)空旅行、時(shí)空旅行者等相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)。
Robotics
機(jī)器人學(xué)
While the noun robotics is commonplace today, it wasn't back in the 1941 when sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov coined the term in a short story published in Astounding Science Fiction. It took another 20 years before the term really took off, and by the 1980s, robotics had firmly planted itself in the English language.
雖然今天聽起來(lái)很常見，但機(jī)器人學(xué)這個(gè)名詞其實(shí)是1941年才出現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時(shí)科幻作家艾薩克·阿西莫夫在《Astounding Science Fiction》上發(fā)表的一篇短篇小說(shuō)中創(chuàng)造了這個(gè)詞。過(guò)了20年它才真正被接受，到1980年代，機(jī)器人學(xué)這個(gè)詞終于進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)(課程)語(yǔ)言中。
Zero g
零重力
Zero gravity was coined by Arthur C. Clarke in Sands of Mars, his first science-fiction novel. A year later, he coined the term zero g, where g is short for "gravity," in his novel Islands in the Sky. This concept of zero g became official terminology of astronauts as the Space Race accelerated in the 1960s, and today, it's viewed more as a science term than a sci-fi term.
亞瑟·C·克拉克在他的首部科幻小說(shuō)《火星之沙》之中創(chuàng)造了零重力這個(gè)詞。一年后，他又在小說(shuō)《空中列島》中創(chuàng)造了零重力的縮寫Zero g。1960年代，太空競(jìng)賽加速，零重力的概念成為了宇航員的官方術(shù)語(yǔ)。如今，它更多地被看作是科學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)而非科幻術(shù)語(yǔ)了。
Droid
類人機(jī)器人
Droid, or a robot in human-like form, is a shortened form of android which was used as early as the 1700s. Droid was first published in the 1950s in magazines like If that printed sci-fi short stories. The 1977 film franchise Star Wars brought droid into mainstream usage.
Droid是android的簡(jiǎn)稱，意為類人機(jī)器人。Android一詞早在18世紀(jì)就有，droid則是1950年代才在《If》等刊登科幻小說(shuō)的雜志上出現(xiàn)。1977年的《星球大戰(zhàn)》電影系列使類人機(jī)器人這個(gè)詞開始被大量使用。
Warp speed
翹曲速度
If you're traveling in a spacecraft at a speed faster than light, you're moving at warp speed. The word warp comes from the Old English wearp which refers to threads running over fabric. The first known usage of warp in relation to speed was in a 1968 Star Trek script, "All Our Yesterdays."
如果你在宇宙飛船里以超光速飛行，你就是以翹曲速度在前進(jìn)。Warp一詞源自古英語(yǔ)wearp，指織物上的線。Warp首次表達(dá)跟速度相關(guān)的用法是在1968年的《星際迷航：原初》劇本中。
Alien
外星人
Alien comes to English from the Latin alienus meaning "belonging to another." When it first entered English in the 1300s, it referred to an outsider, someone born in another country, or someone who is unfamiliar. It was not until the late 1920s that alien took on its sci-fi meaning of "an intelligent being from another planet." Similarly, when earthling first entered English in the late-1500s, it meant someone who lived on earth, not in heaven. Only in the mid-1800s did it take on the sci-fi meaning of a person who is not an alien.
Alien一詞源自拉丁語(yǔ)的alienus，意為“屬于另一個(gè)的”。14世紀(jì)進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)時(shí)，alien指的是外來(lái)者、生于其他國(guó)家的人或不熟悉的人。直到1920年代，alien才有了科幻含義“外星人”。同樣，當(dāng)earthling一詞最早進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)時(shí)，指的是地上的人，而非天堂的人。19世紀(jì)中期，它才有了科幻含義“地球人”。
Nanotechnology
納米技術(shù)
Nanites, or tiny robots built on the small scale, were a concept first realized in science fiction and later researched by scientists in the hopes of making these minute robots a reality. Sometimes called nanomachines, nanorobots, or nanobots, these robots will one day have many real-life applications. Perhaps one of the first science fiction writers to imagine nanotechnology was Nikolai Leskov, whose 1881 story described imperceptible robots, requiring 5,000,000 times magnification to be seen.
納米人，或小尺寸微型機(jī)器人的概念最早出現(xiàn)在科幻小說(shuō)中，后來(lái)被科學(xué)家所研究，希望能將這一概念變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。這種機(jī)器人有時(shí)也被稱作nanomachines、nanorobots或nanobots，未來(lái)它們將在生活中有很多應(yīng)用。首次暢想納米技術(shù)的科幻作家可能是尼古拉·列斯克夫，他在1881年的一個(gè)故事中曾描述過(guò)這種難以察覺的機(jī)器人，需要放大500萬(wàn)倍才能看見。
Clone
克隆
When clone first entered English in 1903, it was used in the context of botany. It comes from the Greek klon meaning "a twig" and is related to klados meaning "offshoot of a plant." Later, clone took on the sci-fi sense of "artificially duplicated person" thanks to Alvin Toffler's 1970 book Future Shock.
克隆一詞首次進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)是在1903年，當(dāng)時(shí)是植物用語(yǔ)，源自希臘語(yǔ)的klon，意思是“嫩枝”，它還和klados有關(guān)，這個(gè)詞的意思是“一棵植物的分支”。后來(lái)，阿爾文·托夫勒在1970年出版的《未來(lái)的沖擊》中賦予了它科幻含義，指“復(fù)制人類”。
Cyberpunk
賽博朋克
The second half of the 20th century saw the birth of the cyberpunk sci-fi subgenre. Often set in industrial dystopias, the cyberpunk genre features plots related to computing, hackers, and large corrupt corporations. Perhaps the earliest recorded use of the term was in Bruce Bethke's 1983 story "Cyberpunk."
20世紀(jì)下半葉出現(xiàn)了科幻小說(shuō)亞類賽博朋克。這類作品一般背景設(shè)定為工業(yè)化的反烏托邦，情節(jié)涉及計(jì)算、黑客、大型貪污公司等。這個(gè)詞有記錄的最早使用出自布魯斯·貝斯克1983年的作品《賽博朋克》中。
Virus
病毒
Science fiction writers of the cyberpunk persuasion introduced the world to a new sense of virus: the computer virus. This sense of virus appears in a short story by Gregory Benford published in 1970 in which a malevolent computer program called VIRUS infects computers via their modem connections. Within five years David Gerrold, Michael Crichton, and John Brunner had all published sci-fi novels featuring computer viruses, and from there, computers along with the viruses that aim to corrupt them became part of language and life beyond science fiction.
賽博朋克派系的科幻作家賦予了病毒一詞新的含義：計(jì)算機(jī)病毒。杰格瑞·班福德1970年發(fā)表的短篇小說(shuō)中出現(xiàn)了這種病毒。書中，一個(gè)名為VIRUS的惡意程序通過(guò)調(diào)制解調(diào)器感染了電腦。不到五年，大衛(wèi)·杰洛德、邁克爾·克萊頓、約翰·布魯勒爾都發(fā)表了有關(guān)電腦病毒的科幻小說(shuō)。從此以后，攜帶病毒的計(jì)算機(jī)就不單存在于科幻小說(shuō)中了，它成為了我們語(yǔ)言和生活的一部分。
有關(guān)科技的英文閱讀：假期沒有高科技的生存指南
A Tech-Free Holiday Survival Guide
假期沒有高科技的生存指南
Have you ever been on holiday and suddenly your phone pinged and reminded you of that skype call that you HAVE to take?
你去過(guò)度假時(shí)有沒試過(guò),突然手機(jī)砰地發(fā)聲,提醒你有網(wǎng)絡(luò)電話需要接嗎?
What do you think holidays are for? We believe that they are a time to be explorers, adventurers and most of all, tech-free. When your hand inches towards that game of Candy Crush? Take up some knitting ( Men too!). Its a fabulous stress buster and keeps you tech-free while you clock in those holes after holes with soft, comforting yarn.
你認(rèn)為假期是什么?我們相信它們是探險(xiǎn)家的時(shí)光,冒險(xiǎn)家和最重要的是,沒有高科技。當(dāng)你的手一點(diǎn)對(duì)糖果的游戲粉碎嗎?去做一些一些針織(男人也是!)。一種令人難以置信的減壓方式,讓你撥時(shí)鐘時(shí)一點(diǎn)在那些洞洞后，輕柔和安慰的紡紗。
Directholidays.co.uk brings to you this brilliant infographic that helps you remain disconnected and incommunicado while you have the best time of your life sky diving, snorkeling or rock climbing. Don’t believe me? Read on.
英國(guó)假期指南公司帶給你這個(gè)才華橫溢的信息圖表,幫助你保持?jǐn)嚅_通信和保持單獨(dú)在你人生中最美好的時(shí)光的天空潛水,浮潛或攀巖。不相信我嗎?繼續(xù)讀下去。
Technostress in this generation is caused by being constantly attached to a virtual world that does nothing to decrease your stress or make you more productive. The tech-free way makes every moment of yours that much more deep and essential instead of paving the way for stress induced disorders.
重壓技術(shù)在這一代是由不斷的被附加到一個(gè)虛擬的世界,并不能減少你的壓力和讓你更有成效。沒有高科技使你的每一刻更加深入且至關(guān)重要的,而不是為應(yīng)力誘導(dǎo)疾病鋪平了道路。
Those regular late nights that you think are adding to your career are actually decreasing minutes of your life that you can spend with your loved ones. Midnight mobile use destructs your sleep and is only a symptom of an addiction that you must take control of.
那些有規(guī)律的你認(rèn)為是增加你的事業(yè)的午夜實(shí)際上是減少你的生活,減少你可以陪你愛的人的時(shí)間。午夜移動(dòng)使用破壞你的睡眠,只有上癮的癥狀,你必須控制。
Take that vacation; this infographic insists on concentrating on meditation, reading, listening to music and walking. Take in that fresh sea air and taste the salt. Find yourself on a beach without having the urge to take a picture to make your timeline look great. Paint, get a massage, ride a camel or play a board game. Take that tech-free vacation that can relieve you from the prospects of diabetes, heart attacks and cancer that can wait for you back home, in a stagnant life.
采取假期;這張資訊圖像所堅(jiān)持的是專注冥想,閱讀,聽音樂和散步。在海上的呼吸新鮮空氣,品嘗鹽。在海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒有拍照的沖動(dòng),讓你的時(shí)間表看起來(lái)很好。繪畫,做按摩,騎駱駝或玩棋類的游戲。沒有高科技的度假,可以減輕一點(diǎn)你糖尿病、心臟病和癌癥的前景,在一個(gè)停滯不前的生活等待你回家。
關(guān)于科技的英文閱讀：臉書利用人工智能對(duì)抗恐怖主義
Facebook is fighting terrorism with artificial intelligence.
臉書利用人工智能來(lái)對(duì)抗恐怖主義。
Tech companies often face criticism for not doing enough to stop extremist content from being shared online.
科技公司經(jīng)常遭到批判，被指責(zé)沒有盡職防止極端信息在網(wǎng)上傳播。
In light of this, Facebook made a blog post sharing details of its counterterrorism work, such as how AI is used to spot images tied to terrorist groups and pick up on language used in propaganda.
因此，臉書發(fā)表了一篇博客，分享了它的反恐怖主義工作細(xì)節(jié)，比如人工智能如何識(shí)別出與恐怖主義相關(guān)的照片并且挑選出在宣傳中使用的語(yǔ)言。
The Amazon Dash Wand is back but now it comes with the Alexa Voice Assistant.
亞馬遜Dash Wand回歸了，不過(guò)這一次它還帶著Alexa語(yǔ)音助手。
This Wi-Fi barcode scanning wand is designed to quickly reorder grocery items.
這款無(wú)線條形碼掃描器的作用在于快速重訂零售雜貨品。
Prime members pay for the wand but are given to spend on Amazon in return.
高級(jí)會(huì)員使用掃描器時(shí)需要支付20美元，同時(shí)也會(huì)得到20美元在亞馬遜上消費(fèi)。
The device is a way for Amazon to get more people to subscribe to its Amazon fresh grocery delivery service, which costs a month.
亞馬遜開發(fā)這款設(shè)備是為了讓更多用戶訂購(gòu)它的新鮮食品送貨服務(wù)，服務(wù)費(fèi)每月15美元。
Google is making it easier to back up your entire computer online.
谷歌讓備份整臺(tái)電腦變得更加容易了。
A new app called Backup and Sync is coming out June 28th.
它將于6月28日推出一款名為Backup and Sync的新軟件。
You'll be able to pick which folders on your computer you want to have automatically backed up to the Google Drive cloud service.
你可以選擇電腦上的哪些文件需要自動(dòng)備份到谷歌云服務(wù)上。
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