高三英語考試常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)

時(shí)間：2024-02-14 05:50:16 贊銳20由分享

要建設(shè)，就必須有知識(shí)，必須掌握科學(xué)。而要有知識(shí)，就必須學(xué)習(xí)，頑強(qiáng)地、耐心地學(xué)習(xí)。向所有的人學(xué)習(xí)，不論向敵人或朋友都要學(xué)習(xí)，特別是向敵人學(xué)習(xí)。以下是小編給大家整理的高三英語考試常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!

高三英語考試?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)1

1、 at

如：常用詞組有： at noon, at night

表示時(shí)間的 at, in, on：表示片刻的時(shí)間，at 8 o’clock，at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。

in 表示一段的時(shí)間

如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。

on 總是跟日子有關(guān)，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。

2、表示時(shí)間的 since 和 from：since 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的過程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用：from 表示從時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)開始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)連用。

如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.

3、表示時(shí)間的 in 和 after：兩者都表示“在(某個(gè)時(shí)間)之后，區(qū)別在于in表示“在(一段時(shí)間)之后” ，而 after 則表示“在(某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后)，in 短語和將來時(shí)態(tài)連用，after 短語和過去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)連用。

如：We’ll be back in three days.

After seven the rain began to fall.

What shall we do after graduation?

After two months he returned. 注意：after 有時(shí)也可以表示在一段時(shí)間之后(常用在過去時(shí)里)

4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to：in 表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on 指與什么毗鄰，to 指在某環(huán)境范圍之外

如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.

5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in：on 只表示在某物的表面上，而用 in 表示占去某物一部分，表示……上

如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.

6、表示“穿過……”的 through 和 across：through 表示從內(nèi)部通過，與 in 有關(guān);across 表示“穿過……”，表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通過，與 on 有關(guān)。

如：Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.

7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corn 表示在落，in 指角的內(nèi)面;on the corner 表示“在角上” ，on 指的不是內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外兼有之意;at the corner指“在拐角處” 指的是拐角外附近的外面。

如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met at with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.

8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end 作“最后”“終于”解，可單獨(dú)使用，后不接介詞 of;at the end of 表示“在……末梢”“到……盡頭” ，既可指時(shí)間，也可以指地上或物體。不可單獨(dú)使用;by the end of 作“在……結(jié)束時(shí)”“到……末為止”解，只能指時(shí)間，不可單獨(dú)使用。

如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the

end of last month he had finished the novel

9、表示“關(guān)于”的 about 和 on：兩者都有“關(guān)于”的意思，不過前者為一般用詞，而后者表示“關(guān)于” ，為較正式的 “論述”

如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science

10、between, among：一般說來，between 表示兩者之間，among用于三者或三者以上的中間。

如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.

注意：但有時(shí)說的雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，適用于between。

如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談到一些事物或一組事物，

而把它們視為分居兩邊時(shí)用 between。

如：The little valley lies between high mountains.

在談事物間的差別時(shí)，總是用 between。

如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, coats and barley.

11、besides, except, but, except for：

besides 指除了……還有

如：All went out besides me

except 指“除了，減去什么” ，不能放在句首。

如：All went out except me.

but 與 except 意思近似，表示“除了……外”經(jīng)常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything 等和其他疑問詞后面。

如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.;

except for 表示“如無……就，只是”表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。

如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

12、表示“用”的 in 和 with：表示工具的“用” 、表示“ ，用 with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等的 “用” 用 in。

如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil

We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.

13、charge of 和 in the charge of：in 兩者都表示 “由誰負(fù)責(zé)、照顧、管理” 區(qū)別在于： charge of 后接被照管的人或物， in the charge of 后面則跟照管的人。

如：Who is in charge of the project

The project is in the charge of an engineer

14、as, like：as 作“作為”“以……地位或身份”解。

如：Let me speak to you as a father.(事實(shí)是父親)

like 作“象……一樣”解

如：Let me speak to you like a father.(事實(shí)上不是父親)

15、in front of 和 in the front of：in front of = before，是“在……前面”的意思(不在某物內(nèi))

in the front of 則是“在……前部”的意思(在某物內(nèi))

如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.

16、in, into：into 表示動(dòng)向，不表示目的地或位置。

如：We walked into the park.;in 通常表示位置。

We walked in the park;

in 和 drop, fall, put, throw, break 等終止性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，也可以表示動(dòng)向。

如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬幣放進(jìn)衣袋。

高三英語考試?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)2

(1)—How about coming to my house?

—I’d love to if it doesn’t give you so much trouble.

在hope, like, love, promise, want, wish等詞后作賓語的不定式常省略。再如：

You may go if you want to.

She can get a job if she hopes to.

—How about going hunting with me tomorrow?

—I’d like to, but I have no time.

(2)Don’t close the window until I ask you to.

在allow, ask, tell 等詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式常省略。再如：

Don’t touch the light unless your mother allows you to.

Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.

(3)He didn’t want to hand in his composition, but he had to.

在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后的不定式需省略。再如：

I don’t sing much, now, but I used to a lot.

If you don’t want to say anything at the meeting, you don’t need to.

She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to.

在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等詞后作狀語的不定式常省略。再如：—Will you go with me to see the film tonight?

—I’ll be glad to

高三英語考試?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)3

一、非謂語動(dòng)詞

“非謂語動(dòng)詞”可分為動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞.它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作謂語外,它可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語與復(fù)合賓語(主語補(bǔ)語或賓語補(bǔ)語).有些及物動(dòng)詞后面接不帶to的不定式作復(fù)合賓語.這些動(dòng)詞歸納如下：一感(feel).二聽(hear,listen to),三讓(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美國英語look at somebody do somthing.還有“二讓”屬特殊：get somebody to do something 與keep somebody doing.而有些及物動(dòng)詞后面接動(dòng)名詞(the -ing form)作賓語.這些動(dòng)詞歸納為一句話：Papa C makes friends.這是由如下動(dòng)詞的開頭字母組成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 為了容易記住,也可以編成順口溜：“允許完成練習(xí),建議避免冒險(xiǎn),考慮延期逃跑,喜歡保持想象,需要反對忍受”.其相對應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;

advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.

二、復(fù)合句

1、學(xué)生最容易混淆的是定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別.

例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位語從句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定語從句)

關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別在于連接或關(guān)系代詞that：有意義的是定語, 無意義的是同位.因?yàn)橐龑?dǎo)定語從句的that在從句中作主語或賓語,而引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that只起到連接詞的作用.

2、接著容易混淆的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that與 which：that之前是不定(代詞)、序數(shù)(詞)、(形容詞)級：which之前是介詞短語與逗號(非限制性).

例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外,還可以作形式主語.而真正的主語(不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句)則放于謂語或表語之后.

例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少數(shù)表語之后接動(dòng)名詞作真正的主語.這些表語是：無助(no help)、無用(no use)、沒好處(no good);工作(hard work)、費(fèi)時(shí)(a waste of time)、又危險(xiǎn)(a danger).

例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.

2、It還可以作形式賓語.通常下列動(dòng)詞后面可接it作形式賓語：2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make).

例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.

B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句式.要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分(主語、賓語、狀語),可以把it當(dāng)作先行詞.這種句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is(was)+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.

例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)

B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語)

C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)

但要注意與定語從句的區(qū)別.

例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定語從句)

在強(qiáng)調(diào)句式里,我們把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)It is(was)…that除去,句子還很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.

四、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

學(xué)生容易混淆的是全部倒裝與部分倒裝.如何區(qū)分之,編個(gè)順口溜：副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒裝,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助動(dòng),讓步狀語倒表語;復(fù)合句式倒主句,不

倒裝的屬特殊.下面舉例說明：

A、Here comes the bus.(副詞提前,全倒裝)

B、Here he comes.(代詞作主語,不倒裝)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介詞短語提前,全倒裝)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定詞提前,部分倒裝)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(讓步狀語從句,表語倒裝)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修飾狀語,主句倒裝)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修飾主語.不倒裝)

H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定詞提前,部分倒裝)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(連接兩個(gè)主語,不倒裝)

五、虛擬語氣

虛擬語氣也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn).所謂虛擬語氣是表示說話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測或建議,而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí).它通過句子的謂語動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來表示.現(xiàn)歸納如下：純假設(shè),用虛擬,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級：條件句,分主從,主句謂語前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虛擬,wish后面接賓語(從句)：現(xiàn)在過去與將來,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級：提建議,用虛擬,賓語(從句)動(dòng)詞用(should)do：倆建議,三要求,再加堅(jiān)持與命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接叢句用虛擬：部分主語從句中, 謂語用虛擬結(jié)構(gòu) (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do). 下面舉例說明：

A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (條件句虛擬)

B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虛擬)

D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建議虛擬)

E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊從句虛擬)

F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)

G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主語從句虛擬)

H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊從句虛擬)