2023高中英語語法都有哪些
最新2023高中英語語法都有哪些
高考目的可以說是為社會選拔人才,以便進入高校做進一步培養(yǎng),為國家建設發(fā)展做出貢獻。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼?023高中英語語法都有哪些，希望能夠幫到你喲!
2023高中英語語法都有哪些
基數(shù)詞
表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫數(shù)詞。
1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：
1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;
11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,
seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;
20-90 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;
≥ 100
100 a/one hundred;
1,000 a/one thousand;
1,000,000 a/one million;
1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million
2. 基數(shù)詞的用法
1)作主語：
Three will be enough for us.
三個對我們來說就足夠了。
Two of the girls are from Tokyo.
這些姑娘中有兩位來自東京。
2)作賓語：
Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.
四個人申請這工作，但我們僅需一人。
3)作表語：
The population of China is over 1.3 billion.
中國有十三億多人口。
I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.
我二十歲，我弟弟十六歲。
4)作定語：
We have 300 workers in our company.
我們公司有三百名員工。
Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名學生參加了這次采訪。
5)作同位語：
You two clean these seats.
你們兩個打掃這些位子。
Have you got tickets for us three?
有我們?nèi)齻€人的票嗎?
序數(shù)詞
表示順序或等級。
1. 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：
1-10： first 1st; second 2nd; third 3rd; fourth 4th; fifth 5th; sixth 6th; seventh 7th;eighth 8th; ninth 9th; tenth 10th;
11-19： eleventh 11th; twelfth 12th; thirteenth 13th; fourteenth 14th ;fifteenth 15th; sixteenth 16th; seventeenth 17th; eighteenth 18th;nineteenth 19th;
20-90： twentieth 20th; thirtieth 30th; fortieth 40th; fiftieth 50th; sixtieth 60th;seventieth 70th; eightieth 80th; ninetieth 90th;
≥100：
100 hundredth;
1,000 thousandth;
1,000,000 millionth;
1,000,000,000 billionth
2、序數(shù)詞的用法
1)作主語：
The second is what I really need.
第二個是我真正需要的。
The first bottle has been full but the second is empty.
第一個瓶已滿，但第二個還空著。
2)作賓語：
I got a third in biology.
我生物得到了第三名。
Do you prefer the first or the second?
第一個和第二個你更喜歡哪一個呢?
3)作表語：
I will be the first to support you and the last to oppose you
.我將是第一個支持你的人，也是最不會反對你的人。
Columbus was the first who discovered America.
哥倫布是第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的人。
4)作定語：
I’ll try a second time and see if I can do it.
我還要試一次，看看我能否做得了。
Take the first turn to the right and then the second turn to the left and you’ll get there.
在第一個轉(zhuǎn)彎處向右轉(zhuǎn)，然后在第二個轉(zhuǎn)彎處向左轉(zhuǎn)就到了。
5)作狀語：
He came second in the race.
他在賽跑中得了第二名。
It was a snowy day when we first met.
我們初次見面時是一個下雪的日子。
3、 序數(shù)詞前冠詞的使用
1) 明確指明了先后順序或一系列事物按一定的規(guī)律排列時，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞。
This is the second time that I have been in London.
這是我第二次來倫敦。
Alva is the fifth child of the Whites.
阿爾瓦市懷特家的第五個孩子。
2) 表示“又一、再一”，不強調(diào)順序時，序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞。
You have bought four toys today. Why do you want to buy a fifth one?
今天你已經(jīng)買了四個玩具了，為什么還想再買一個呢?
I failed again, but I will try a third time.
我又失敗了，可是我要再試一次。
3) 序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格或其他修飾語時不用任何冠詞。
My first five years of childhood was spent with my grandparents.
我五歲前是和祖父母一塊度過的。
Mrs. Black’s second child is a genius.
布萊克夫人的第二個孩子是個天才。
4) 序數(shù)詞與名詞構(gòu)成復合形容詞時，冠詞由被修飾詞而定。此時序數(shù)詞是復合形容詞的一部分而不是獨立的，前面的冠詞完全由這個形容詞所修飾的名詞而定。
This MPV car is a second-hand one.
這輛商務車是二手的。
Habit is second nature.
習慣是第二天性。
5) 序數(shù)詞還可作副詞，此時不用任何冠詞。
First I am short of money; second I haven’t enough time.
首先我缺錢，其次我沒有足夠的時間。
6) 序數(shù)詞用在表示“每隔……”的every 后，其前不用冠詞。
every second day 每隔一天
every fifth day 每隔四天
every second line 每隔一行
7) 某些固定搭配中序數(shù)詞前不用冠詞。
first of all 首先
at first 起初
at first sight 乍一看，第一
數(shù)詞的用法
1. 分數(shù)：表示分數(shù)時，分子須用基數(shù)詞，分母須用序數(shù)詞。
(分子是1以上的任何數(shù)時，作分母的序數(shù)詞要用復數(shù)形式。)
1) 真分數(shù)通常用英語單詞表達。
one-fourth 四分之一
two-fifths 五分之二
a quarter 四分之一
2) 分子和分母的數(shù)目較大時，兩者都用基數(shù)詞，之間用over/by/out of/in 連接。
Seven over/out of/in twenty of the students have passed the flight test.
二十個學生中有七個通過了飛行測試。
3) 帶分數(shù)：“整數(shù)+ and + 分數(shù)部分”。
Two and a quarter inches of rain fell over the weekend.
周末期間的降雨量達二又四分之一英寸。
2. 小數(shù)：小數(shù)總是用阿拉伯數(shù)字表達。小數(shù)點后不論有多少位都不能用逗號分開，但小數(shù)點之前的數(shù)依然按照三位一個逗號的原則書寫。
0.786432 120,372.428
注意：小數(shù)點前的數(shù)按普通基數(shù)詞的讀法讀，小數(shù)點后的數(shù)每一位都要單獨讀。
15.503 讀作fifteen point five zero three
0.05 讀作zero point zero five
3. 百分數(shù)：百分數(shù)中的數(shù)目用阿拉伯數(shù)字，后接percent或百分號(%)，在專業(yè)統(tǒng)計或表格中常用%代替percent，在句首時則用英語單詞書寫。
I have invested 40 percent of my income.
我把40%的收入用作投資了。
Farmers’ income has increased by 30%.
農(nóng)民的收入已經(jīng)增加了30%。
4、 倍數(shù)：表示倍數(shù)時，一倍用once，兩倍 用twice/double，三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞+ times”。
1)“倍數(shù) + as many/much … as …”
My deskmate claims to have twice as many stamps as I.
我同桌聲稱他的郵票是我的兩倍。
This computer costs three times as much as that one.
這臺計算機的價格是那臺的三倍。
2)“倍數(shù) + the size of …”
用法與size相同的名詞常見的有weight(重量)，height(高度)，depth(深度)，width(寬度)，age(年齡)，length(長度)等。
Our playground is five times the size of theirs.
我們的操場是他們的五倍大。
This street is twice/double the width of that one.
這條大街是那條大街的兩倍寬。
3)“倍數(shù) + what從句”
The value of the house is double what it was.
這所房子的價值是原來的兩倍。
People’s average income is almost five times what they earned ten years ago.
人們的平均收入是十年前的五倍。
4)“倍數(shù) + 比較級 + than”
The room is twice larger than ours.
這間房子比我們的房子大兩倍。
This ball seats three times more people than that one.
這個大廳能坐的人數(shù)是那個大廳的四倍。
5)“比較級 + than … + by + 倍數(shù)/程度”
The line is longer than that one by twice.
這根線是那根線的兩倍長。
The population of China is larger than that of the US by over 6 times.
中國人口是美國人口的六倍多。
5、四則運算：
1)加法：在口語中，小數(shù)目的加法常用and代表“+”，is 或 are 代表“=”。
在正式的場合或較大數(shù)目的加法用plus代表“+”，equals或is 代表“=”。
7+4=11 Seven and four is/are eleven.
13+12=25 Thirteen plus twelve equals/is twenty-five.
2) 減法：在口語中，小數(shù)目的減法用“Take away + 減數(shù) + from + 被減數(shù) + and you get + 余數(shù)”
“減數(shù) + from + 被減數(shù) + leaves/is + 余數(shù)”
在正式的場合或較大數(shù)目的減法用minus 代表“—”，equals 代表“=”。
12-5=7 Five from twelve leaves/is seven. /Take away five from twelve and you get seven.
21-7=14 Twenty-one minus seven equals fourteen.
3) 乘法：在口語中，小數(shù)目的乘法的乘數(shù)用復數(shù)形式，用are 代表“=”。
大數(shù)目的乘法用times代表“×”，is/makes 代表“=”。
在正式的場合下用multiplied by 代表“×”，equals 代表“=”。
4×5=20 Four fives are twenty
326×238=77588
Three hundred and twenty-six times two hundred and thirty-eight is/makes seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
Three hundred and twenty-six multiplied by two hundred and thirty-eight equals seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
4) 除法：小數(shù)目的除法：用divided by 代表“÷”，equals 代表“=”。
“被除數(shù) + divided by + 除數(shù) + equals + 商”;“除數(shù) + into + 被除數(shù) + goes + 商”
32÷4=8 Thirty-two divided by four equals eight.
Four into thirty-two goes eight.
大數(shù)目的除法：用divided by 代表“÷”，equals 代表“=”。
216÷8=27
Two hundred and sixteen divided by eight equals twenty-seven.
6、比率：一般來說表示比率都用阿拉伯數(shù)字(包括句首的情況)，但在非專業(yè)性的文字中，也可用英語單詞的形式。
The ratio of 7 to 4 is written 7:4 or 7/4.
七比四寫作7:4或7/4。
You have a fifty to fifty chance of success.
你成功的機會只有一半。
7、編號：用基數(shù)詞時 名詞 + 基數(shù)詞 World War Ⅰ/Page 8/Room 109…
用序數(shù)詞時 the + 序數(shù)詞 + 名詞 the First World War
8、年代與幾十幾歲：通常是逢十的基數(shù)詞用作復數(shù)形式。表示年代的數(shù)詞前用定冠詞 in the 90s;表示歲數(shù)的數(shù)詞前用形容詞用物主代詞 in one’s twenties
9、約數(shù)：
1)表示“大約”可以用about/some/around/nearly/something like/more or less，用or so 表示“左右、大約”置于數(shù)詞之后。
The man in rags is about/some sixty years old.
The man in rags is sixty years old or so.
那個衣衫襤褸的男子大約有六十歲/六十歲左右。
Peter is something like thirty.
皮特大約有三十歲。
2)“多于、超過”用more/than/over/above;“少于、不超過”用less than。
She was more than/less than forty when she got married.
她結(jié)婚時有四十多歲/不到四十歲。
3)其他
半天(小時)half a day=a half day; half an hour=a half hour
一個半 a day and a half=one and a half days
兩天半 two days and a half=two and a half days
一兩天……one or two days=a day or two
兩三天/周/個蘋果 a couple of days/weeks/apples…
三番五次 again and again; repeatedly; time and (time) again; over and over again; time after time
三年五載 from three to five years; in a few years
三三兩兩 in twos and threes; in knots
22023年高中語法有必背的知識點
1、as 句型
(1) as引導方式狀語從句句型：“按照……;正如……”
例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你們國家一樣，我們北方種植小麥，南方種植水稻。
(2) as+形容詞/副詞原級+(a /an)+名詞+as ;
否定式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一樣是位優(yōu)秀的運動員。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……
例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一個如此的一個笨蛋以致相信了他所說的話。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的強壯以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之類的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成為一個像雷鋒這樣的人。
(6) the same +名詞+as 和……一樣的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是從前的那樣子了。
(7) as 引導非限制性定語從句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知，知識就是力量。
(8)引導時間狀語從句，與while意義相近
例：We get wiser as we get older.
隨著我們長大，我們也變得越來越聰明。
(9) 引導原因狀語從句，與 because的用法相近
例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因為越來越遲了，所以我們不久就回來了。
(10) 引導讓步狀語從句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
盡管他是一個小孩，但他對科學了解得很多。
2、prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home.
我寧愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜歡打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你愿意我留下來嗎?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……
寧愿…...而不愿...
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3、when 句型
(1) be doing sth...when...
例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著的時候門突然開了，他妻子走了進來。
(2) be about to do sth ... when ...
例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我們剛要出發(fā)，天就開始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在勞累了一天之后我剛剛就寢，電話鈴就響了。
4、seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that從句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看來好像每個人都很滿意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是對的，
(3) There seems to be ...
例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上去要有一場大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看樣子她不能來上課了。
5、表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他們把價格上漲了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工資已經(jīng)漲到了每月10,000元。
6、what 引導的名詞性從句
(1) what 引導主語從句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
讓我吃驚的是每個人似乎對她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不關心的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引導賓語從句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我們能學會我們不懂的東西。
(3) what 引導表語從句
例：That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引導同位語從句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不知道他們正在談論什么。
7、too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了，不能由政治家來決定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家里就非常高興。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿這雙鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me.
這篇課文對我來說太難了。
(5) can't … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們再怎么強調(diào)保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
8、where 句型
(1) where 引導的定語從句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.
這就是他去年住過的房子。
(2) where 引導的狀語從句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引導的表語從句
例：This is where you are wrong.
這正是你錯的地方。
9、wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人現(xiàn)在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一樣強壯。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人過去做某事
例： I wish you had told me earlier
要是你早點告訴我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人將來做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你這次會成功。
11、 before 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 寧愿做……而不愿做……
例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她寧可死也不去背叛祖國。
(2) would rather have done sth 寧愿過去做過某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我寧愿過去接受他的意見。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 寧愿某人過去做過某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通過上星期的考試。
(4) would rather sb did sth 寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或?qū)碜瞿呈?/p>
例： Who would you rather went with you?
你寧愿誰和你一起去?
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒來得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我還沒來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +時間+ before + 還有多長時間……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.
他還有四年時間變畢業(yè)了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。
(5) It was not +一段時間+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。
13、用于表示過去未實現(xiàn)的希望和計劃的句型
(1) It is /was +被強調(diào)部分+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天給我叔叔寫信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被強調(diào)部分 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你遇見的是你兄弟嗎?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問詞 + is/was it that ...
例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?
(4) do/does/did +謂語動詞 (強調(diào)謂語)
例：They do know the place well.
他們的確很熟悉那個地方。
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想給你寫信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用過去將來時態(tài)表示原打算做什么)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一場籃球比賽。
英語高考知識點總結(jié)分享
1.mean doing sth.意味著;mean to do sth.打算或企圖做某事;
mean sb. to do sth.打算讓某人做某事be meant for打算作……用;為…而有2.take place發(fā)生;舉行3.of all kinds各種各樣的
4.starve to death餓死be starved of缺乏, starve for sth, starve to do,渴望
5.plenty of大量;充足6.be satisfied with感到滿意to one’s satisfaction感到滿意是7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm傷害某人8.in the shape of呈…的形狀，以…的形式9.in memory of/ to the memory of sb.紀念某人10.dress up穿上的衣服;打扮,化裝11.award sth.(to sb.)和award sb.sth.(for sth.)給予、頒獎
reward sb. for sth.因…獎賞某人; reward sb. with sth.用某物酬勞某人
12. admire sb. for sth在某方面欽佩某人13.look forward to期望，期待，盼望14,have fun with(與某人)玩得開心;過得快樂( have a good time, enjoy oneself.)
15. turn up.來;出現(xiàn);把(收音機等)音量開大些turn down拒絕; turn off關掉; turn on打開; turn out結(jié)果是...... turn to sb. for help向某人求助16.keep one’s word守信用; break one’s word,失信17.It be obvious that-clause顯而易見;一目了然
18.set off動身,出發(fā);使(地雷、炸彈)爆炸; set in開始;
set up建立，創(chuàng)立;set out to do = set about doing sth.著手做set down寫下，記下19.remind sb. of sth.提醒，使想起