高二英語(yǔ)必修五必背單詞與記憶口訣(2)
高二英語(yǔ)必修五必背單詞與記憶口訣
高二語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)記憶口訣一、詞法
(一)巧記名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則:
單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)式,一般詞尾加-s;
下列句詞詞尾后,要加-s先加-e。
發(fā)音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z],或是某些輔音加-o時(shí)。
有些名詞變復(fù)數(shù),詞尾變化要注意。
y前字母是輔音,一律變y為-ies.
遇到f和fe,有時(shí)需要變-ves.
少數(shù)名詞不規(guī)則,特殊情況要強(qiáng)記。
說(shuō)明:
1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在詞尾加-s.
eg: bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens,…
2.詞尾發(fā)音為[f , t s, z]的名詞(即以字母sh, ch, s, x結(jié)尾者)在變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),要在詞尾加-es,eg: watch-watches, box-boxes, bus-buses,etc
3.若詞尾字母o的前面是輔音字母,變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),有些加-es,eg: hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, patato-patatoes, tomato-tomatoes.這四個(gè)詞可組成一句話來(lái)記憶:Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃馬鈴薯和西紅柿。簡(jiǎn)為二人吃二菜。)
但有些以o結(jié)尾的名詞則加-s,eg: photo – photoes, piano –pianos等。
4.若詞尾字母y前加的是輔音字母時(shí),變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),首先把y變?yōu)閕,再加-es, eg: family – families, city- cities, baby – babies等,但若詞尾y前為元音字母時(shí),則可直接加-s, eg: day-days, boy-boys等。
5.以f和fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),首先將f和fe變?yōu)関, 再加-es,我們也可用一句話來(lái)記,“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威脅書(shū)架(shelf)上的半片(half)葉子(leaf)的生命(life)。另外記住一些常見(jiàn)特殊詞,eg: roof—roofs.
6. 有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化是不規(guī)則的,eg: man-men, woman-women, child-children, chinese- chinese, sheep-sheep等,平時(shí)多留心,稍微加以歸納,是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其的特征的。
(二)定冠詞
冠詞是NMET試題中出現(xiàn)較頻繁的詞性,近五年復(fù)出率高達(dá)83.3%。因而掌握冠詞,尤其是定冠詞的用法也尤其必要。
請(qǐng)看下面的順口溜,它可以幫助我們記憶定冠詞的一些用法:
特指、重提和唯一,島嶼,海峽和海灣;
海洋,黨派最高級(jí),沙漠,河流與群山;
方位、順序和樂(lè)器,年代,團(tuán)體與機(jī)關(guān);
船名,建筑和組織,會(huì)議,條約與報(bào)刊;
姓氏復(fù)數(shù),國(guó)全名,請(qǐng)你記住用定冠。
下面讓我們?cè)賮?lái)“驗(yàn)證”這順口溜吧。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察下面各句中定冠詞的用法,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它的“功效”與“真?zhèn)巍绷恕?/p>
1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.
2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:00
3. The sun gives us heat and light.
4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.
5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.
6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being?
7. She’s on the People’s Daily.
8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.
9. Who was the first to come?
10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.
11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s
12. In 1864, Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time.
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