高中英語(yǔ)必修5第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)習(xí)題及答案(2)
高中英語(yǔ)必修5第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)習(xí)題及答案
高中英語(yǔ)必修5第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)習(xí)題答案
I、聽(tīng)力原文：
A、聽(tīng)力填空題：聽(tīng)下面一段短文，填入所缺的詞。短文讀兩遍。
In 1896, 17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics. There he met a girl from Hungary. They studied in the same class and the same interest in physics brought the two together and they became good friends. Before long, they fell in love with each other. In 1903, when Einstein was 24, he married Marits, who was 4 years older than he.
After their marriage, Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory. To give her husband more help, Marits gave up her own work, and became a good wife and assistant. She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible. She was sure that her husband would succeed. They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room. They even did that in their letters when one of them was away from home.
In 1914, the Einsteins moved to Berlin and settled down there. At that time, Einstein's theory proved to be correct and he had become famous all over the world. Marits was very proud of her husband with his success. But it was not long before the First World War broke out. Marits, as well as her two sons, who were on holidays in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin any longer. The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family. In 1919, Einstein and Marits had to get divorced (離婚).
B、聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話你將聽(tīng)一遍。
Text 1
W: Do you think we should invite Tom over for dinner?
M: His mother is here for a visit.
Text 2
M: There is a limit of three books per person.
W: Fine. I'll be certain to return them on time.
Text 3
W: How long will it take .you to fix my watch?
M: I’ll call you when it is ready, but it shouldn’t take longer than a week.
Text 4
M: Did Henry paint the whole house himself?
W: He had it painted because he doesn’t like to climb a ladder.
Text 5
M: The radio costs $ 40, but I only have $ 30.
W: I have . Would you like to borrow it?
C. 聽(tīng)下面3段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘時(shí)間閱讀每小題。聽(tīng)完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6～8題
M: Hello. Is this the Green Taxi service?
W: Yes, it is.
M: I need a taxi to the train station, please.
W: What time do you need a taxi, sir?
M: My train leaves at 4:30 this afternoon, but I’d like to arrive at the station no later than 3:30. How long is the ride from here?
W: From here? Where do you live?
M: Oh, I’m sorry. I live at 446 Plum Street.
W: Let me see. 446 Plum Street. I’d say that it would take about 30 minutes. We will pick you up at 3:00. Is it OK with you?
M: Yes, that’ll be fine. The driver will help me with my bags, won’t he?
W: Yes, the driver is a young man. He will help you.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9～11題。
W: I hate spring in this city, I really do! It’s always raining. We hardly get any sunshine, do we?
M: No, that’s terrible.
W: Summer’ ll soon be here, anyhow. You like summer, do you, Brian?
M: Like it? I can’t stand it! It’s too hot. I’m sure you wouldn’t like it either if you had to take a bus to work every day as I do.
W: Well, I wouldn’t know about that. but you can’t like this sort of weather as I do.
M: I don’t mind it, really at least I don’t have to start to work full of sweat.
W: Summer in Qingdao is lovely, especially the beach!
M: You like Qingdao, don't you?
W: Oh, I love the summer there. Peter and I go there every summer. You ought to come with us sometime, Brian. I’m sure you’ll enjoy it very much.
M: No, thanks, I prefer a more active sort of holiday.
W : For example?
M: Well, I was thinking of climbing mountains somewhere Huangshan, maybe.
W: Climbing mountains? Oh, I don’t see how you can like that! You will be exhausted and not like doing anything after a day’s climbing.
M: Perhaps, but I don’t mind that. I can enjoy the beautiful scenery, the fresh air, and every- thing.
W: Well, rather you than me. All I know is that I tried mountain climbing once and suffered every minute of it.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12～15題。
George was from the United States and had come to London for a holiday. One day he was not feeling well, so he went to a clerk at the desk of his hotel and said, “I want to see a doctor. Can you give me the name of a good one?” The clerk looked in a book and then said, “Dr. Ken- Neth Grey, 61010.” George said, “Thank you very much. Is he expensive?” “Well,” the clerk answered, “he always charges his patients two pounds for the first visit to him, and ￡ 1.50 for later visits. ”
George decided to save 50p, so when he went to see the doctor, he said, “I’ve come again, doctor. “For a few seconds the doctor looked at his face carefully without saying anything. Then he nodded and said, “Oh, yes.” He examined him and then he said, “Everything’s going as it should do. Just continue with the medicine I gave you last time. ”
II、參考答案與提示：
一、Listening
A、1.interest 2.fell 3.marriage 4.assistant 5.whenever
6. succeed 7. settled 8.proud 9.holidays 10. stopped
B、1-5 BAABC
C、6-10 CABBB 11-15 ACABB
二、Talking
A、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話
1. 選B。從答語(yǔ)可知，上文要用一般疑問(wèn)句，而且與sell有關(guān)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合上下文情景。
2. 選D。從上文的問(wèn)句中的move可知，選項(xiàng)D符合對(duì)話情景。
3. 選A。從下文的He’s a very nice person可以推斷出，也是一位好鄰居。
4. 選E。真因?yàn)槭且晃缓绵従?，所以大家都?huì)想念他，這符合情理。
5. 選C。從下面的答語(yǔ)中可以推斷出此正確答案。
B、情景交際
1. 選A。 該句中的No way 是俚語(yǔ)，意思是“不可能”。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中后半句的意思，應(yīng)答者顯然不愿意道歉，因而才有前面的“斷然否定”。B項(xiàng)表示“不可能”，語(yǔ)氣上和A相比較弱;C項(xiàng)表示“沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)”和下句It was her fault沒(méi)聯(lián)系。D項(xiàng)表示“一點(diǎn)也不”和上句沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。譯文：“我認(rèn)為你該打電話給珍妮，向她表示歉意。”“沒(méi)門兒!是她的錯(cuò)。”所以答案為A。
2. 選C。 本題在語(yǔ)境中考查了代詞的用法。This指代下文，That指代上文，從文中可以看出that指代上句“calling so late”沒(méi)有關(guān)系。故用That's okay=That's all right“沒(méi)關(guān)系”是道歉的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。而B(niǎo)、D人稱錯(cuò)誤。所以答案為C。
3. 選D。本題考查回答感謝的交際用語(yǔ)。“No thanks”是中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)。“Never mind”是沒(méi)關(guān)系，“All right”是“好吧”的意思，正確的應(yīng)為“That's all right”，可以排除A、B、C，所以答案為D。
4. 選B。 Good luck!是向?qū)Ψ奖硎咀Ｔ傅挠谜Z(yǔ)，祝愿對(duì)方在明天的駕駛考試中取得好的成績(jī)。Cheers!表示歡呼與喝彩;Come on!表示勸說(shuō)、激勵(lì)、不耐煩等，意思是“來(lái)!快!得了!”;Congratulations!是當(dāng)對(duì)方取得成績(jī)時(shí)，向?qū)Ψ奖硎咀ＹR的用語(yǔ)。答案為B。
5. 選A。 My pleasure.是回答對(duì)方表示感謝的客套話，意思是“是我高興做的事;甭客氣 ” 。I'm glad to hear that的意思是“聽(tīng)到這件事我很高興”;No, thanks是中式英語(yǔ);It's OK.的意思是“好”。所以答案為A。
6. 選B。It all depends或That depends是固定用法，意思是“這都難說(shuō)，得看情況” 所以。答案為B。
7. 選A。乙發(fā)請(qǐng)?zhí)哪康氖茄?qǐng)甲，那么當(dāng)他知道已收到時(shí)，最想知道的就是：對(duì)方是否接受邀請(qǐng)，即能否來(lái)。Can you come? 是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否能來(lái)。因此只有A最合適。
8. 選B。 B雖未正面回答對(duì)方要求，但也屬于一種合理的應(yīng)答。A為提供幫助，但在對(duì)方已明確提出要求時(shí)還問(wèn)這樣的話不合情理;C為詢問(wèn)有何問(wèn)題或有何故障，用于此處語(yǔ)境顯然不合適;D從語(yǔ)言形式上看并無(wú)問(wèn)題，但At your service意為樂(lè)意效勞，但對(duì)方已提出明確要求，再如此說(shuō)實(shí)是多此一舉。所以答案為B。
9. 選C。 答應(yīng)別人提出的要求，常用I will“一定”表示。所以答案為C。
10. 選C。 這是一個(gè)反意疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)句與一般疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)相似之處就是要用Yes或No作明確回答。當(dāng)對(duì)方用Let's…征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)，可以回答Yes, let's…譯文：“‘ 我們?nèi)ビ斡?，好?”“好的，走吧。”It's one's/a pleasure是對(duì)“Thank you”的回答;It doesn't matter是對(duì)“Sorry”的回答。I agree with you是同意別人的觀點(diǎn)、看法。所以答案為C。
三、Language study(語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí))
1、詞匯
A、單詞拼寫
1. announcing 2. deaths 3. construction 4. blame 5. examined
6. Attending 7. control 8. handle 9. affected 10. cautious
B、用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。
1. 填up, in。come up表示“被提出”in groups表示“按小組”。
2. 填of。治好某人的病用cure sb of。
3. 填with, in。對(duì)人要求嚴(yán)格用with,對(duì)事要求嚴(yán)格用in。
4. 填I(lǐng)n。in order表示“按順序”。
5. 填 up, into。set up表示“成立” look into表示“調(diào)查”。
6. 填to。be linked to表示“與------有關(guān)聯(lián)”。
7. 填 to。be exposed to表示“暴露在。。。”。
8. 填under。under repair表示“在修理”。
9. 填up。take up表示“從事”。
10. 填to。contribute to表示“對(duì)-----作貢獻(xiàn)”。
11. 填on, for。 on sale表示“在出售”，for表示“價(jià)格的交換”。
12. 填out, on。set out表示“出發(fā)” 在某個(gè)具體的晚上用on。
13. 填out, by, by。work out表示“計(jì)算出”,通過(guò)做某事用by,by表示“相差程度”。
14. 填 with, on。表示臉上帶著笑容。
15. 填on, to。“be on a visit on to”在參觀某地。
C. 用所給單詞或詞組的正確形式填空。
1. invented 2. contribute 3. rejected 4. Apart from 5. put forward
6. making up 7. determined 8. strike 9. instructed 10. confused
2、 語(yǔ)法(過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ))
A、完成句子翻譯。
1. retired, boiled 2. disappointed, planned 3. got, worried 4. paid, by
5. written, by 6. exposed, infected 7. defeated, buried (absorbed, lost)
8, examined, by 9. polluted, lying, terrible 10.Hearing, discovered, excited
B、單項(xiàng)選擇
1. 選D。frightened感到恐懼過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) frightening令人恐懼作定語(yǔ)。
2. 選A。hidden過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示作狀態(tài)。
3. 選C。paid過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。
4. 選A。separated過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表示“與------走散了”。
5. 選C。作表語(yǔ)。seated表示狀態(tài)等于sitting。
6. 選A。changed過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示換衣服。
7. 選D。disappointed形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示感到失望。
8. 選A 。frightened感到恐懼過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) frightening令人恐懼作定語(yǔ)。
9. 選A。表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”。
10. 選B。對(duì)-------感興趣。
11. 選C。對(duì)……感到激動(dòng)。
12. 選A。relaxed作表語(yǔ)，表示感到放松。
13. 選A。locked過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表狀態(tài)。
14. 選C。get caught表示遭遇。
15. 選C。表示被動(dòng)。
16. 選B。be absorbed in表示沉浸在------中。
17. 選C。knocked過(guò)去分作表語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)。
18. 選D。exciting表示令人激動(dòng),excited表示感到激動(dòng)。
19. 選C。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。
20 選C。advanced過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
21. 選D。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
22. 選C。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
23. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
24. 選A。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
25. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
26. 選A。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
27. 選D。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
28. 選D。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
29. 選C。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
30. 選D。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
31. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)
32. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
33. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
34. 選D。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
35. 選A。written表示書(shū)面英語(yǔ)，spoken表示口語(yǔ)。
36. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
37. 選B。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
38. 選A。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
39. 選C。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
40. 選C。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
四、Reading(閱讀)
A、完形填空
1. 選A。Make use of 利用; 使用; make full use of 充分利用。
2. 選B。Be based on/upon 以…為基礎(chǔ); 基于…
3. 選A。Reason 能夠?qū)σ粋€(gè)事物的發(fā)生或它的性質(zhì)作出解釋的東西;cause 是導(dǎo)致一個(gè)事物發(fā)生的條件或原因。根據(jù)句子意思，是指“不能接受某種權(quán)威來(lái)說(shuō)明真理的合法性”，應(yīng)用reason.
4. 選B。check. v. 證明無(wú)誤, 核對(duì)無(wú)誤。意思最恰當(dāng)。
5. 選D。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容，modern science “現(xiàn)代科學(xué)”意思最恰當(dāng)。
6. 選A。Date back 詞組，意為“回溯至”。
7. 選B。Time n. 這里指“時(shí)代，年代”。
8. 選C。between與and連用，表示“在。。。和。。。之間”。
9. 選B。The Middle Ages n.中世紀(jì);中古時(shí)代。(文中沒(méi)有大寫，應(yīng)該是編輯錯(cuò)誤。)
10. 選B。[表示使用的工具, 手段]用with。例如：defend the motherland with one's life用生命保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)
11. 選B。Make, do 與名詞有固定搭配關(guān)系：
do :bedroom, one’s best, one’s duty, favour, harm, good, shopping, …
make: discovery, appointment, arrangements, a bed, a change, a decision,…
12. 選A。Who 引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)省略的定語(yǔ)從句修飾 great men。 完整的從句是 who lived/was in …
13. 選B。by degrees 詞組，相當(dāng)于副詞，意為：逐漸地。
14. 選A。根據(jù)上文意思，應(yīng)為：truths. 事實(shí), 真理, 原理
15. 選B。Rapidly. Adv. 快，迅速地。意思最恰當(dāng)。
16. 選B。根據(jù)句子意思，應(yīng)為because conj. 因?yàn)?/p>
17. 選C。Top .n. 頂，頂端。 Leaning. adj. 傾斜的。 Tower. N. 塔, 城堡。
18. 選D。Unequal. Adj. 不相等的;不對(duì)稱的
19. 選A。science spirit 科學(xué)精神;world spirit時(shí)代精神, 世界潮流
20. 選B。opinion意為“觀點(diǎn)”。
B、閱讀理解
1. 選B。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話可知，B項(xiàng)是正確的;A選項(xiàng)過(guò)于絕對(duì);根據(jù)文章第二 段“In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace… States start uranium research.”可知，Einstein只是建議美國(guó)研究原子彈，并沒(méi)有幫美國(guó)制造;D選項(xiàng)文中未提到。
2. 選C。文章中講到Einstein是一位熱愛(ài)和平的科學(xué)家，所以，如果他知道的話，一定不會(huì)給美國(guó)提出這樣的建議。
3. 選D。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句話可知。
4. 選A。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The universe to him was one of pure law and order.”可知，他認(rèn)為宇宙并不是雜亂無(wú)序的，而是有自己的法則的。
5. 選A。第三段第一句和第二句即本題答案出處。
6. 選C。根據(jù)短文最后一段第二句,可排除選項(xiàng)A;根據(jù)第四段第一句,可排除選項(xiàng)B，根據(jù)第三段最后一句,可排除選項(xiàng)D;第一段最后一句即本題答案出處。
五、Writing(寫作)
A、單句改錯(cuò)
1. collect改為-collecting。to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。
2. 去掉at。at any time意為“在任何時(shí)候”，是一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)，不能引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子。
3. 去掉being。這是with+名詞+分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中一般作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，因tie與hands之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
4. fixing改為fixed。習(xí)慣短語(yǔ)為fix one’s eyes on sb，意為“注視著某人”，此處的fixed on me為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
5. reaching改為reached。 reach和decision之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用reached。
6. 去掉a。out of order是習(xí)慣短語(yǔ)。
7. whether改為that。that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句。
8. invented改為discovered。Discover是指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)本身存在的東西，而invent是發(fā)明原來(lái)不存在的東西。
9. price改為value。price意為“價(jià)格”，而value意為“價(jià)值”。
10. caused改為causing?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。
11. with改為in。be strict后接某個(gè)方面要用介詞in，后接人要用with。
12. confusing改為confused。confused過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。
13. examine改為check。Examine為考試，測(cè)試的意思，而check意為“檢查”“核對(duì)”。
14. in改為under。under control意為“在控制下”。
15. join改為attend。join一般用來(lái)表示加入某種組織，attend意為“出席(會(huì)議、講座)”。
B、翻譯訓(xùn)練
1. Whenever you are in classroom, you will find him absorbed in reading books.
2. The excited look on his face suggested that he had passed the test.
3. The proposal he put forward should be carried out as soon as possible.
4. What does he like to do apart from collecting stamps?
5. That the skin is often exposed to the sun does harm to health.
6. He thinks that young criminals should be instructed in a proper way.
7. Each time we are in trouble, he always gives us a hand.
8. Does the new cure for cancer make any sense?
9. The railway under construction leads to Shanghai.
10. If you had listened carefully, you would know what to do now.
C、行文要素演練
Your letter reached me yesterday. It said in your letter that you were punished for using cellphones, which puzzled you.
There is no doubt that cellphones can bring us much convenience. We can keep in touch with friends and families wherever they are. Besides, the cellphone is a way to fun.
However, there are some problems with using cellphones. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the class. It has been proved that often using cellphones does harm to health. Another problem is that some students can spend too much time and money on cellphones and sending messages, which will result in bad results in study.
As a student, he should concentrate on study. It is right for school to prevent you from using cellphones.
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