高中英語必修5第一單元知識點
高中英語必修5第一單元知識點
英語作為一門必修的課程，高中英語必修5第一單元的知識點主要都有哪些呢?接下來學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了高中英語必修5第一單元知識點，一起來看看吧。
高中英語必修5第一單元知識點：詞語聯(lián)想
put away: 收起來;貯存，儲蓄
put down: 放下;寫下，記下
put off: 推遲;延期
put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戲劇)
e.g. put on weight: 增加了體重
put on a new play: 上演新戲劇
put up: 張貼;撐開(帳篷)
e.g. put up a poster: 張貼海報
put up a tent: 搭起帳篷
2. conclude: v. 作結(jié)論，斷定
e.g. The jury concludedthat he was guilty. 陪審團認定他有罪。
conclusion: n. 結(jié)論
【習(xí)慣用語】
★ draw a conclusion 作出結(jié)論
3. defeat vt.打敗, 擊敗, 戰(zhàn)勝;使(希望, 計劃等)失敗, 挫敗; 阻撓, 使無效
e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最終承認了失敗。
◆區(qū)別: defeat, conquer, overcome
defeat 指“贏得勝利”, 尤其指“軍事上的勝利”,
e.g. defeat the enemy 打敗敵人。
conquer指“征服”、”戰(zhàn)勝”,特別指“獲得對人、物或感情的控制”
e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。
overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝”、“壓倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言,
e.g. overcome difficulties 克服困難。
4. attend: v.
1) to be present at; go to(meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席;參加
e.g. He decided to attendthe meeting himself. 他決定親自赴會。
2) to look after, care for,serve 照顧;看護。
e.g. Which doctor isattending to (on) you? 哪位醫(yī)生護理你?
3)to go with 伴隨
e.g. The work was attendedwith much difficulty. 這項工作帶來許多困難。
5. expose...to...
e.g. Don't expose your skinto the sun for too long.
不要使你的皮膚暴露在太陽光下太長時間。
They had to be exposed tothe enemy's gunfire.
他們不得不冒著敵人的炮火。
6. blame sb. for sth. 因為某事責(zé)備某人
e.g. He blamed the boy forhis mistake.
★ be to blame: 應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負責(zé)任
Who is to blame for themistake?這個錯誤應(yīng)歸咎于誰?
7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相當(dāng)于 besides, what's more
e.g. I paid 100 Yuan inaddition. 我又付了 100 元。
In addition to English, hehas to study a second language.
除了英語以外，他還要學(xué)習(xí)第二外國語。
◆區(qū)別: in addition to, except, besides,beside
in addition to：除…之外，還有…，表示遞進關(guān)系。
e.g. The company providedthe workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 這家公司為員工們提供帶薪假期，還有免費午餐。
except: 除…之外，表示在整體中排除，
e.g. Everyone except me gotan invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬.
besides表示“除了……以外，還有……”，與in addition to 同義，
e.g. Besides Mr Wang, wealso went to see the film.王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides him.我們都同意, 他也同意。
beside : 在…旁邊。表示方位。
e.g. Lily sits beside me inclass. 莉莉在班上做我旁邊。
義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1)He speaks French as well as English.
e.g. He speaks French inaddition to/besides English.
2) Apart from the salary,it’s not a bad job.
e.g. In addition to/Exceptthe salary, it’s not a bad job.
8. announce: 公布;宣告
e.g. He announced hisdecision. 他宣布了他的決定。
9. absorb v.
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海綿吸水。
【習(xí)慣用語】
2)專心于
★ be absorbed in sth: 專心的，全神貫注的
The little girl wasabsorbed in reading a tale. 這個小姑娘正在全神貫注的閱讀一篇故事。
10. challenge n.挑戰(zhàn); 挑戰(zhàn)書; 邀請比賽; 要求決斗
vt. 向...挑戰(zhàn), 要求, 懷疑 ; vi. 挑戰(zhàn), 對(證據(jù)等)表示異議
e.g. meet the serious challenge 面對嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)
高中英語必修5第一單元知識點
1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.偉人是把自己的生命奉獻給幫助別人的人。
(He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他開始研究生態(tài)學(xué)，并決心將他的一生獻身于這門科學(xué)。He devoted himself entirely to music.他將一生奉獻給了音樂。)
2. fight against 對抗，反對，與……作斗爭
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反對非正義行為的斗爭中, 我們都是同志.
People often have to fight for their liberty.人們往往不得不為自由而戰(zhàn)。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children. 他與他妻子總是在為由誰來照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers. 作為一個醫(yī)生他無私地在中國工作，并且拯救了很多中國戰(zhàn)士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood. 他主張三民主義：民主、民權(quán)、民生。
5. be free from 免于，不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必須不抱成見。
6. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式
7. be in prison 入獄，在獄中服刑 in the prison 在監(jiān)獄
8. the same…as…和……一樣
9. the first man to land on the moon 第一個登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次見到他的時候是在我一生中非常艱難的時期。(定語從句)
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我為此非常感激。
(He is generous with his money.他花錢大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感謝你的幫助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我們衷心感謝你。)
12. have little education 受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well. 我既不會讀也不會寫。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work. 我擔(dān)心我是不是會失業(yè)。
15. I became more hopeful about my future. 我對自己的未來充滿了希望。
(I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow. 我對她明天要來抱著希望。)
16. as soon as I could 盡快， 馬上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (定語從句) 過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。
(The 19th century saw many changes. 許多變革發(fā)生于19世紀。at an early stage in our history在我們的歷史早期)
18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實，要么跟政府作斗爭。
19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。(Only 位于句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句時，句子采用部分倒裝的語序;修飾狀語從句時，只有主句采用部分倒裝的語序。)
如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個問題的辦法。
?、?Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才來參加會議。
?、?Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重時，他才臥床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那時我才知道我的錯誤.)
20. as a matter of fact 事實上
As a matter of fact，it is health that counts.事實上，健康才是最重要的。
As a matter of fact, parents don’t want their children to be in trouble. 事實上，父母都不希望子女有麻煩。
21. In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.在1963年，我?guī)椭Я艘恍┱髽恰?/p>
Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres?你能借給我個打氣筒給車胎打打氣嗎?
Then it turned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day. 然后，事實上有些恒星，就像我們自己的太陽，有朝一日會爆炸。
22. …I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. ……我知道這是為了實現(xiàn)我們的黑人和白人平等的夢想。
23. in trouble 處于困境 遇到麻煩
Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎么做就怎么做, 否則有麻煩.
24. be willing to do sth. 愿意，樂于Only very few people would be willing to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他們的見解。
25. What was his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? 他對黑人面臨的不公平處境什么態(tài)度?
26. turn to 變成;求助于，借助于, 翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向
She had no one to turn to for advice.她沒有一個可以商量的人。
Who can I turn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的時候我能向誰求助呢?
As they were out of work, Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives for help.布萊克夫婦由于失業(yè)，不得不向親戚求幫助。
27. … the quality of life for black people got worse. …… 黑人的生活質(zhì)量更糟糕。
28….many people remember me as one of the first active black fighters for human rights 很多人認為我是為人權(quán)而戰(zhàn)的第一批積極的黑人戰(zhàn)士之一。
29. lose heart 灰心;泄氣, 喪失勇氣,失去信心
Difficulties were increasing. Even then we did not lose heart. 盡管困難在增加，但我們毫不灰心。
You will succeed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心，你遲早會成功。
If you fail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going. 如果你失敗了，你也不該灰心。
30. escape from 逃脫，逃離，從……逃出
He listens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.
他聽音樂以緩解一下工作的壓力.
He stayed in the background to escape from the public attention. 他呆在幕后為了避開公眾的注意。
The couple had a narrow escape from the fire.這對夫妻從火災(zāi)中死里逃生。
31. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息時間和晚上我們本應(yīng)該睡覺的時候他教授我們。
should have done 本應(yīng)做而未做
needn’t have done 本不應(yīng)做而做了
can’t have done 過去不可能做過
32. He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他說他們不應(yīng)該被剝奪通過學(xué)習(xí)獲得學(xué)位的權(quán)利。
33. …but they did pass their exams. 但是他們確實通過了考試。
34. That made me feel good about myself. 這讓我覺得自己還不錯。
35. be better educated 受到良好教育
36. I didn’t work again for twenty years until the ANC came to power in 1994. 在非國大于1994年執(zhí)政之前，我有20年沒有工作。
(After Mandela came to power and became president, his government did their best to change the unfair situation for black people. 曼德勒掌權(quán)成為總統(tǒng)后，他的政府盡力為黑人改變不平等的狀況。)
37. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me.
我回憶起那時的所有的恐怖和令人畏懼的情景。
After the attack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a dog.自從遭遇襲擊之后，她每次看見狗，眼睛里都滿是恐懼。
38. be proud to do sth.
I'll be proud to be part of it.我會以成為其中一份子而自豪。
be proud of sth
You should be proud of what you have achieved.你們應(yīng)當(dāng)為自己所取得的成績而自豪。
39. set up創(chuàng)立，建立，為…作準(zhǔn)備;豎立，架起，建造;開業(yè)，開始經(jīng)商
The company was set up ten years ago.公司是十年前建立的。
He plans to set up his own business.他決定自己做生意。
He begged me to let him join the club we have just set up. 他懇求我讓他加入我們剛建立的俱樂部。
40. be sentenced to … 被判處……
He suggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.他建議所涉及到的殺人兇手立刻被判處死刑。
Robert was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a month ago. 羅伯特因偷竊被判處三年監(jiān)禁，于一個月前被釋放。
41. Do you have any thoughts on that? 你認為那怎么樣?
42. to my understanding按我的理解
43. He was in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home. 他年輕時身體不好，所有只得在家接受教育。
44. be accepted by … 被……錄取、接受
45. give free medical care to people there給那兒的人免費醫(yī)療
As far as I know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical care.就我所知，在一些發(fā)達國家人們享有免費醫(yī)療。
46. He died from blood poisoning.他死于敗血癥。
47. At that time the war between China and Japan was under way.那時中日戰(zhàn)爭正在進行之中。
48. Mao Zedong praised Bethune’s excellent qualities in this article. 毛澤東在這篇文章了贊揚了白求恩的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。
49. point of view 觀察點;觀點
It depends on your point of view.這將因個人觀點而異。
50. compete with… 與……競爭
If you want to compete with someone, compete with yourself. 如果你想同別人競爭，先同自己競爭。
51. advise v.
常用搭配
advise + n./pron.
advise + doing
advise sb. to do sth.
advise + that從句(從句的謂語用“should + v原”， should 常省略)
注：1)與advise用法類似的動詞如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動詞作賓語時要用動名詞，但接賓補(主補)時，賓補(主補)要用不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.(賓語，用動名詞) We forbid you to smoke here.(賓補，用動詞不定式) You are forbidden to smoke here.(主補，用動詞不定式)
2)區(qū)別：advise(勸說)/persuade(勸服)
EX: 1)我勸過他，但未能勸服他。_______________________________
2) We trust you: only you can _____________ him to give up smoking.
A. suggest B. attract C. advise D. persuade
Keys: 1)I advised him but I couldn’t persuade him. 2) D
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