高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要詞組的知識(shí)點(diǎn)
高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要詞組的知識(shí)點(diǎn)
詞組是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)，有些的詞組是學(xué)生需要記憶的，下面學(xué)習(xí)啦的小編將為大家?guī)砀咧杏⒄Z的重要詞組的介紹，希望能夠幫助到大家。
高中英語的重要的詞組分析
1.With the help of 在～～幫助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～領(lǐng)導(dǎo)/關(guān)心下
2.be strict with sb. 對(duì)～人要求嚴(yán)格 be strict in sth. 對(duì)～事要求嚴(yán)格
3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暫時(shí)
4. in the sun/sunshine 在陽光下 under the sun 在世界上
5. lie in 位于～～之內(nèi) lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外
6. at least 至少 in the least 絲毫，一點(diǎn)
7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名義
8. in the air 空中，在流傳 on the air 播出
9. in the way 擋路，障礙，用～～方法 in a way 在某點(diǎn)上，在某種程度上get one's own way to do 隨心所欲 give way 讓步，屈服 lose one's way 迷路 by the way 順便說一下 on one's way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 這邊走
10. at the corner 在拐角處(外角)in the corner 在角落里(內(nèi)角) on the corner 在角落上(外角上)
11. judge by / from 根據(jù)～～來判斷 judge for oneself 由某人自己來判斷
12. at the end (of) 在～～結(jié)束時(shí) at the beginning of 在～～開始時(shí) at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～歲時(shí) at the foot of 在～～腳下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～頂上 at/on the edge of 在～～邊上
13. in the course of 在～～過程中 in the eyes of 從～～觀點(diǎn)看來，在～～眼里 in the face of 面對(duì)～，盡管，縱使 in the middle of 在～中間 in the end =at last=finally 最后
14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一邊
15. after a time = after some time 過一段時(shí)間后 for a time = for some time 一時(shí)，有一段時(shí)間
16. behind time 遲到，過期 behind the times 落在時(shí)代后面
17. at no time 決不 in no time 立即，馬上
18. at one time = once time 曾經(jīng) at a time = each time 每次 at times = sometimes 有時(shí) at all times 經(jīng)常，一直，始終 at the same time 同時(shí) at the time 在～～的時(shí)候 by the time 到～～的時(shí)候
19. for a moment 一會(huì)兒 for the moment 暫時(shí) at the moment 當(dāng)時(shí)
the moment /minute /instance 正當(dāng)～～一剎那
20. once or twice 一兩次 more than once 不止一次 once more 重新，又 once upon a time 從前 once in a while 偶爾
1. 以break為中心的詞組
break away from 脫離，逃離 break down 破壞，粉碎;瓦解;出故障，拋錨 break in 闖進(jìn)，打斷;使順服 break into 闖入;強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;突然開始 break out 爆發(fā)，發(fā)生;準(zhǔn)備使用;起錨 break the law 違反法律 break the record 破記錄 break one's promise 失言 break up 開墾，破碎;解散，分開，分解
2. 以catch為中心的詞組
be caught doing 被發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 趕汽車/火車 catch a cold 傷風(fēng)，感冒 catch one's word 聽懂某人的話 catch sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，瞥見 catch up with 趕上，追及，追上
3. 以come為中心的詞組 come across 偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)，想起;越過;償付 come along 一道來，陪伴;進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展;出現(xiàn) come at 達(dá)到，求得，得到;撲向，襲擊 come back 回來;恢復(fù)，復(fù)原 come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒 come from 來自，起源于，從~~產(chǎn)生，生于 come in 進(jìn)來，進(jìn)入;流行起來;獲名次 come into being 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，形成 come into power 開始執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)，當(dāng)選 come into use 開始使用，獲得應(yīng)用 come on 上演;開始;趕快;發(fā)展;登臺(tái);(問題)被提出 come to know 開始了解到 come out 出來，傳出;出版;結(jié)果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露 come to 蘇醒，復(fù)原;共計(jì);達(dá)到;歸結(jié)于 come to an end 終止，結(jié)束 come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí);證實(shí) come up 走近;上樓;長(zhǎng)出，發(fā)芽
4. 以do為中心的詞組
be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全結(jié)束 do a good deed 做一件好事
do away with 去掉，廢除;弄死;浪費(fèi) do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于
do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于 do its work 有效，有作用 do much 極有用
do wrong to 做錯(cuò) do one's best 盡某人最大努力 do one's homework 做作業(yè)
do one's utmost 盡力而為 do proud 足以使~~驕傲 do sb. justice 公平對(duì)待某人 do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.) 搞衛(wèi)生 do sb. a favor 幫助某人
do well in 學(xué)得不錯(cuò)，干得漂亮 do with 和~~相處，忍受，處理 do without 不需要，不用 do wonders 創(chuàng)造奇跡 have much to do with 和~~很有關(guān)系 have nothing to do with 與~~無關(guān) have something to do with 和~~有關(guān) in doing so=in so doing 這時(shí)，在這種情況下 That will do. 行了;夠了
5. 以get為中心的詞組
get about 徘徊，走動(dòng)，旅行;流傳 get above oneself 自視高傲 get accustomed to 習(xí)慣于，對(duì)~~習(xí)以為常 get across 度過，通過，橫過;說服，使理解 get ahead of 勝過，超過 get along 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步;同意;離去
get along with 與~~相處 get at 發(fā)現(xiàn)，了解;掌握;攻擊 have got to do 不得不，必須 get away 離開，逃脫 get back 取回，回來;報(bào)復(fù) get behind 落后;識(shí)破 get down 咽下;寫下;使沮喪，使抑郁 get down to 認(rèn)真對(duì)待，靜下心來 get familiar with 熟悉 get hold of 獲得，取得 get home 到家 get in 進(jìn)入，陷入;牽涉 get off 送走;脫下(衣服);下車;動(dòng)身 get on 上車;穿上;進(jìn)步，使前進(jìn);成功;相處 get upon with 進(jìn)步;在~~方面獲得成功 get one's hand in 熟悉;習(xí)慣 get out of 由~~出來，從~~得出;避免;退休 get over 越過;恢復(fù)，痊愈;克服;完成 get ready for 為~~作準(zhǔn)備 get rid of 除去，去掉;免除，擺脫 get through 到達(dá)，完成，通過;及格 get together 積聚，積累;商談，取得一致意見 get up 起床，起立;研究，鉆研;致力于;安排，組織 get used to 習(xí)慣于
6. 以give為中心的詞組
be given to 沉溺于，癖好 give about 分配;傳播 give and take 相互遷就
give away 贈(zèng)送;犧牲;泄露;頒發(fā) give back 歸還 give cause 給予~~的理由 give ear to 側(cè)耳傾聽 give forth 發(fā)出，放出;發(fā)表 give in 屈服，讓步，投降 give in to 同意，接受;向~~讓步 give off 發(fā)出(煙，氣味) give oneself out to be/as 自稱為 give oneself up to 專心于;向~~自首 give out 分發(fā)，公布 give place to 讓位于，被~~所替代 give rise to 引起，導(dǎo)致;使~~發(fā)生 give sb. to understand 通知某人 give up 放棄;停止 give way to 讓步，退卻;屈服于
7. 以look為中心的詞組
look about 四下環(huán)顧;查看 look after 照顧，看管 look around 東張西望 look at 注視，著眼于 look back 回顧 look for 尋找;期待，期望 look down on 俯視;輕視 look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 窺視;調(diào)查;瀏覽 look like 看起來象 look on 旁觀;面向 look out 向外看;注意;當(dāng)心，堤防 look over 從上面看過去;檢查 look through 透過~~看去;看穿;瀏覽 look up to 仰望，尊敬
8. 以make為中心的詞組
be made from 由~~原料制成 be made of 由~~材料制成 be made up of 由~~組成 make a fool of 愚弄，欺騙 make a mistake 弄錯(cuò) make a point of doing 強(qiáng)調(diào);認(rèn)為~~重要;決心，堅(jiān)持 make advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追趕 make believe 假裝 make certain 確信，把~~弄清楚 make contact with 接通，與~~接觸，與~~聯(lián)系 make for 去向，向~~前進(jìn);有利于 make friends with 和~~交友 make into 把~~制成，使~~轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?make much of 重視;理解;賞識(shí) make one's mind on sth. 決定某事 make one's own 當(dāng)作自己的看待 make oneself at home 隨便，別拘束 make out 填寫;開支票;理解;辨認(rèn) make the best of 盡量利用;極為重視 make up 彌補(bǔ)，修理;賠償，補(bǔ)償;起草;編造;化裝 make up to 接近，巴結(jié);向~~求愛 make way for 為~~讓路，讓路于 on the make 急求成功;增加
9. 以put為中心的詞組
put aside 把~~放在一邊;擱置;排除 put away 把~~放好，把~~收拾;儲(chǔ)藏;吃喝，吃掉 put back 把~~放回原處;駁回 put down 放下;鎮(zhèn)壓;制止;記下;削減;降落 put forward 提出;撥快;建議，推薦;提倡，倡議 put ~~ into 把~~放入;插入;翻譯成 put off 推遲，延期;消除;推脫，推辭 put on 上演;穿上，帶上 put up with 忍受，容忍 put one's heart into 全神貫注，專心致志 put up 舉起，掛起;提名，推薦;陳列
10. 以take為中心的詞組
be taken aback 吃驚 take a seat 就坐 take a shower 淋浴，洗澡 take aim 瞄準(zhǔn)，設(shè)立目標(biāo) take away 拿走，減去;奪去 take ~~ by surprise 出奇制勝 take one's place 就坐，入坐 take care of 當(dāng)心，注意;照顧;提防;謹(jǐn)慎;處理，對(duì)付;負(fù)責(zé) take office 就職，上任 take ~~ for 把~當(dāng)作 take off 脫去，除去;離開;起飛;模仿;起程;致死;復(fù)制，作副本;減弱 take one's temperature 量體溫 take part in 參與，參加 take it easy 別著急，慢慢來 take place = happen 發(fā)生，舉行 take the place of 代替 take pride in 以~~為榮，對(duì)~~驕傲 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊
11. 以turn為中心的詞組
give a new turn to 對(duì)~~予以新的看法 in one's turn 輪到某人做某事 out of turn 不按次序的，不合適宜的 take one's turn to do 輪到做 turn a blind eye to 對(duì)~~視而不見 turn against 背叛，采取敵對(duì)態(tài)度 turn back 折回，往回走 turn down 折疊，翻下，駁回，拒絕考慮 turn into 走進(jìn);變成，變?yōu)?turn to ~~for help 求助于 turn off 關(guān)上(自來水，電器開關(guān));解雇，辭退;避開(問題);制造;生產(chǎn) turn on 打開(自來水，電器開關(guān));反對(duì);依靠，依賴，取決于 turn one's attention to 把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向 turn out 培養(yǎng);證明是;制成;實(shí)際情況是 turn out to be 原來是，證明是，結(jié)果是 turn over a new leaf 翻開新的一頁，重新開始，改過自新 turn (a)round 旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)過身來;改變意見;采取新政策 turn to 變成;著手于 turn upside down 顛倒過來，翻過來;使陷入混亂
1.be on show / display / play / sale / strike / duty / trial
2. be of value / importance / use / no use / color / age / size / height / weight / significance
3. to one's joy / surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight
4. in surprise / wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight
5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus / car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire
6. at daybreak / sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night
7. out of breath / control / question / sight
8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short / brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence / turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/
general / particular / public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name / addition / sight
9. on duty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose / time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm / principle
10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience / short / fear / sale
11. by weight ( volume size number~~ ) / profession / definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/ mistake / hand / train ( bus ,taxi ,ship ,boat ~~) / air / land / force / day / nature / sight
12. at most / least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意) / work /
night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length / large
13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter of fact
14. above all / measure / normal
15. before all / long / time / now / then
16. after all / class / school
17. out of action / order / condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance / range/
doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock /
18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect / reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence
19. beyond comprehension / conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power / measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example
20. under age / discussion / test / way / repair
高中英語短文改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則
1. 句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;
2. 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài);
3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法;
4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確;
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;
7. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;
8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
短文改錯(cuò)解題四原則
改動(dòng)以最少為原則;虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則;以保持句子原意為原則。
短文改錯(cuò)解題步驟：
通讀全文，掌握大意;整句分析，逐行推敲;反復(fù)通讀，復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。
解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)
1. 核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí)，若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè)，缺詞1個(gè)，錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。
2. 核對(duì)改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。
3. 核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無遺漏符號(hào)、忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。
短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤類型
1. 謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;③主謂不一致;④缺少動(dòng)詞，特別是be動(dòng)詞;⑤第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;⑥主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改為do，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改為visited，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改為were，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于③)
There will an important game next month. (will后加be，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于④)
2. 名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改為subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改為words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改為knowledge)
3. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤：誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改為the，the same是固定搭配)
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)
4. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：系動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性動(dòng)詞(smell/feel)后用形容詞;詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞)。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名詞，要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容詞，terribly改為terrible)
5. 代詞錯(cuò)誤：代詞的主格和賓格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改為myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改為them)
6. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致;介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語;某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接動(dòng)名詞，talk改為talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語，應(yīng)改為going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，read改為reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的動(dòng)名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)
7. 介詞錯(cuò)誤：詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改為in，in my family為固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引導(dǎo)從句)
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