2017八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點(diǎn)

　　想期末考好，就要倍加努力學(xué)好英語，懂得整理單元知識，有助于加強(qiáng)知識點(diǎn)的抓握。下面由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理的八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點(diǎn)，希望對大家有幫助!

　　八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點(diǎn)1

　　基本知識點(diǎn)

　　1. sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表語Mary could not come because she is sick.

　　也可作定語a sick child

　　【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義;但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。Mary could not come because she is ill.

　　2. cheer (sb.) up(讓某人)變得高興;振奮起來The good news cheered up everyone in our class.

　　3. give out分發(fā);散發(fā)，相當(dāng)于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.

　　give sth. out to sb. 意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人 。

　　4. volunteer 【名詞】志愿者 【動(dòng)詞】義務(wù)做，自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，

　　The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.

　　5. used to do sth.過去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事，表示過去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。

　　There used to be a cinema here. 這里曾有一個(gè)照相機(jī)。

　　They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過去的故事。

　　6. alone 【形容詞】獨(dú)自一人的，無感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.

　　lonely (感到)孤獨(dú)寂寞的，帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。The lonely boy is not lonely now.

　　7. care for sb./sth.照顧;照料……

　　care 【名詞】小心，關(guān)心take care of=look after →【動(dòng)詞】care about sb./sth.關(guān)心，在意某人/事

　　→【形容詞】careful 仔細(xì)的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細(xì)地

　　8. such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞

　　such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比賽

　　such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物

　　如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時(shí)，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time

　　9. try out for…參加…選拔，爭取成為…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.

　　try out試用，試驗(yàn)

　　10. journey 【名詞】(尤指長途)旅行，行程;trip【名詞】多指短途旅行;

　　travel【名詞、動(dòng)詞】travel around the world →【名詞】traveler旅行者

　　11.【復(fù)習(xí)】be busy with sth. 忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于(做)什么事情

　　12.【復(fù)習(xí)】try doing sth. 試著去做某事 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 盡某人最大的努力去做某事

　　13.【復(fù)習(xí)】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人、某事

　　14. raise money集資，籌錢;raise money for…為……籌錢

　　raise【動(dòng)詞】舉起;提高;募集

　　15. keep【動(dòng)詞】keep+名詞，保留(某物);keep+形容詞，保持

　　16.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聾的;disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的;在句中做定語和表語。

　　make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使(某人)做某事成為可能，

　　You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.

　　make it +形容詞(+for sb.) to do sth. 使(某人)做某事成為…;

　　think/find it +形容詞to do sth.

　　18. make a difference to…對……有影響;對……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修飾，如

　　The rain made no difference to the game.

　　Hard-working makes much difference to study.

　　19. difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時(shí)為不可數(shù);表示具體的“難題、難事”時(shí)為可數(shù);

　　have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難

　　20. train【動(dòng)詞】訓(xùn)練，trained為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓(xùn)練的”a trained dog

　　21. be excited about sth. 對某事感到興奮 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.

　　【復(fù)習(xí)】excited意為 興奮的，修飾人;exciting意為 令人興奮/激動(dòng)的，修飾物。

　　22. order【名詞】命令，指示;順序，次序【動(dòng)詞】訂購;點(diǎn)(菜)follow the order。

　　23. change【動(dòng)詞】變化，改變It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名詞】變化;零錢

　　change A for B用A換成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.

　　repair 【動(dòng)詞】修理，修補(bǔ); fix【動(dòng)詞】安裝;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】

　　八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點(diǎn)2

　　【重點(diǎn)句型】

　　1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?

　　= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?

　　2. What should she do? 她該怎么辦呢?

　　3.Should I take my temperature? 我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎?

　　4.You should lie down and rest. 你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會(huì)兒。

　　5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你認(rèn)為它是來自報(bào)紙還是書呢?

　　6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同樣的姿勢一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐得太久了。

　　7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她說這個(gè)人有心臟病應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。

　　八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點(diǎn)3

　　【重點(diǎn)語法】

　　動(dòng)詞不定式

　　動(dòng)詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“to+動(dòng)詞原形 ”(有時(shí)可不加to)。在句中除不能充當(dāng)謂語外，其他成分都可充當(dāng)，如：主語、表語、賓語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語等。在八上已講過作賓語的用法。在此主要講作賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語的用法。

　　(1) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

　　動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語的后面，表示賓語是什么或怎么樣。有to do 和 to be 兩種形式。

　　The doctor advised him to take a good rest.

　　I find English to be very easy.

　　提示：在ask, tell, want, would like, advise, invite, teach,等動(dòng)詞或短語之后，常接帶to的不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。

　　We asked him to sing a pop song at the party.

　?、?動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號to在使役動(dòng)詞(have, make, let)、感官動(dòng)詞(feel, hear, watch, see, notice等)的后面時(shí)要省略。但他們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號to不能省略。

　　The boss made the workers work over ten hours a day in the past.

　　= The workers were made to work over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.

　?、?動(dòng)詞help接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號to可省略也可不省略。

　　He often comes to help us (to) do some farm work.

　　(2)作狀語

　?、?表目的：表目的時(shí)，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面時(shí)，不定式常與句子用逗號隔開;而在句子末尾時(shí)一般不用逗號隔開。

　　To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.

　　He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.

　?、?表結(jié)果：不定式做結(jié)果狀語，一般位于句子末尾。

　　I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.

　　動(dòng)詞短語

　　1.動(dòng)詞短語是指動(dòng)詞和介詞或副詞等搭配而構(gòu)成的短語。

　　2.動(dòng)詞短語主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：

　　(1)動(dòng)詞+介詞

　　如：agree with, ask for, arrive in/at, come from, get to, get on, get off, look after, take after等。

　　注：這類動(dòng)詞短語后面的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。

　　Eg: I am looking for my pen. I have been looking for it for two hours.

　　• (2) 動(dòng)詞+副詞

　　• 如：give out, look up, put up, put off, write down ,cheer up, turn off/ on, find out, hand out等。

　　• 注：這類動(dòng)詞短語后面的賓語是名詞時(shí)，名詞可放在副詞之后，也可放在副詞之前;賓語是代詞時(shí)，帶刺只能放在副詞之前。

　　• Eg: Please pick up the pen.

　　• =Please pick the pen up.

　　• Can you pick it up.

　　• 3)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞

　　• 如：make friends with, pay attention to , take care of, look forward to等。

　　• 注：在這類動(dòng)詞短語中，并與都放在介詞之后。

　　• Eg: She stayed at home to take care of the baby.

　　• (4)動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞

　　• 如：be angry with, be busy with, be good/bad for, be different from, be interested in , be good at , be famous for等。

　　• Eg: Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.