網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)有什么工具好
對于較大的組織和企業(yè),網(wǎng)站開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)是其重要的組成部分,網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)工具的應(yīng)用也變得多起來。下面是小編精心為你準(zhǔn)備的網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)必備的工具,希望對你有幫助!
十大必備網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)工具
1、Affinity Designer
At times it seems Affinity Designer was designed specifically to dethrone Photoshop.
Not be confused with Affinity Photo, this Mac-based design software offers exclusive features to stand out against Photoshop’s deficits: Affinity Designer’s 1,000,000% zoom dwarfs Photoshop’s 32,000%, its interface is designed to be a more efficient layout than its competitors, and it’s also a fraction of the cost at around .
Affinity Designer is what we’re talking about when we describe new technology replacing the old. It’s quickly climbing its way up to go head-to-head with the old giants, who are starting to feel their age.
What else would you expect from the winner of the Apple Design Award 2015?
2、Adobe Photoshop
Photoshopremains one of the giants, and while it doesn’t target web design specifically, it’s visual capabilities still make it a powerful contender. This photo-editing software has come a long way from its roots of making fashion models look even skinnier.
For use as a web design tool, Photoshop offers a grid system, Smart Objects, and vector images (Vector Smart Objects). These features complement its popular photo-editing capabilities: color options, photography enhancement, and pen tool options give it an artistic advantage.
3、UXPin
UXPin is a collaborative app that covers the entire design process, from static wireframes to hi-fi mockups and animated prototypes. UXPin handles multiple design stages with equal consideration, which landed it on top ten web design tool lists before.
One of UXPin’s unique features is thatit can import both Photoshop and Sketch files directly, while preserving all layers for prototyping. This lets designers create mockups in more graphic-focused apps, then switching to interactive design without losing work.
4、Coolors
Anyone with a Swiss army knife knows that sometimes the smallest tools are the most useful.
Color theory has always been interwoven with web design (and all visual mediums), but is a distinct discipline on its own. Instead of memorizing everything, web designers can rely on tools like Coolors to fill in the finer color details.
This random color generator gives you any number of choices of color schemes proven to be effective.
You can still personalize the choices to your project with options to customize color choices and modify selections by hue, saturation, brightness, or temperature. Each entry features precise values for HEX, RGB, CMYK,PMS, andCOPIC. This service is compatible with iOS, Android, Photoshop, and Illustrator.
5、Pixelmator
Photoshop knows as well as anyone that being successful puts a target on your back.
Like Affinity,Pixelmator attempts to poach some of Photoshop’s customer base with more specific web design features, such as “export for web” with an alternative interface. Keep in mind that Pixelmator is Mac-only and doesn’t support LAB colour space, 32bpc, or EXR.
In short, Pixelmator is a top choice for simple web design projects, but might lack some power for heavier sites. It’s very affordable () and one of the fastest design tools to learn. Think of it like a web design tool lite.
6、Sketch
Sketch feels like an image editor built primarily for digital design instead — which is, in fact, its intention,according to founder Pieter Omvlee.
Also exclusive to Macs, Sketch has the advantage in transitioning designs to development: it integrates CSS logic from the start, and its Automatic Slicing feature creates assets in various formats with one-click exports.
Sketch also has access to theMagic Mirror plugin, helpful for modifying images and static designs like mockups — especiallyperspective mockups. This image transformation tool allows for non-destructive editing, retina-image support, multi-page referencing, and image-flipping.
But the real beauty of this plugin is in customizing stock photography. It’s easy to superimpose a screenshot from your company onto a screen in a stock photograph, saving you time and stress of commissioning your own photography.
7、PhotoLine
PhotoLine is not as widely known as the other tools, and is also a lot smaller (26.4 MB on Mac, 22MB on Windows) and less expensive than Adobe products (€59). But users claim this tool is as good if not better than its bigger rivals, and praise it as “one of the web’s best kept secrets.”
Designed by a pair of German brothers with efficient coding in mind, Photoline offers many of the same features as bigger apps — nondestructive layers, vector editing, photo editing, desktop publishing and text layout capabilities — and even some they don’t, like multi-layeredEXR importing and exporting.
8、Draw.io
At the most basic level, Draw.io is a simplistic tool available online for free. Obviously limited in its depth, for simple shapes and layout design — wireframe to mockup phases — Draw.io is quick, easy, and convenient, plus it doesn’t cost a thing.
Aside from being least complicated design tool, another advantage of Draw.io is its seamless integration with Google Drive, Dropbox, and Chrome. Shapes can even be filtered by software or purpose: simply open the “More Shapes…” menu and decide from UML, Entity Relation, iOS, Android, Mockups, and Bootstrap.
9、Color Safe
As mentioned above, colors require specific help.
Color Safe is a tool for optimizing color contrast between text and background for improved readability. Improved accessibility always means improved design.
The designer inputs their background color, font information, and the desired level of WCAG standard. The system then calculates the optimum color choices with values for HEX and RGB. As long as you have some ideas for a background, this tool is a nice-time saver for a more harmonious and accessible color palette.
10、Adobe InDesign
While lacking the complexity of more thorough web design apps,InDesign is still capable of creating designs that can be exported to HTML. Compared to Sketch or Photoshop, InDesign also offers more typographic controls and built-in Typekit integration.
開發(fā)網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)工具的語言
ASP
ASP即Active Server Page的縮寫。它是一種包含了使用VB Script或Jscript腳本程序代碼的網(wǎng)頁。當(dāng)瀏覽器瀏覽ASP網(wǎng)頁時(shí), Web服務(wù)器就 會根據(jù)請求生成相應(yīng)的HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)代碼然后再返回給瀏覽器,這樣瀏覽器端看到的就是動態(tài)生成的網(wǎng)頁。ASP是微軟公司開發(fā)的代替CGI腳本程序的一種 應(yīng)用,它可以與數(shù)據(jù)庫和其它程序進(jìn)行交互。是一種簡單、方便的編程工具。在了解了VBSCRIPT的基本語法后,只需要清楚各個組件的用途、屬 性、方法,就可以輕松編寫出自己的ASP系統(tǒng)。ASP的網(wǎng)頁文件的格式是.ASP。
FSO
FSO(FileSystemObject)是微軟ASP的一個對文件操作的控件,該控件可以對服務(wù)器進(jìn)行讀取、新建、修改、刪除目錄以及文件的操作。是 ASP編程中非常有用的一個控件。但是因?yàn)闄?quán)限控制的問題,很多虛擬主機(jī)服務(wù)器的FSO反而成為這臺服務(wù)器的一個公開的后門,因?yàn)榭蛻艨梢?在自己的ASP網(wǎng)頁里面直接就對該控件編程,從而控制該服務(wù)器甚至刪除服務(wù)器上的文件。因此不少業(yè)界的虛擬主機(jī)提供商都干脆關(guān)掉了這個控 件,讓客戶少了很多靈活性。
我要安家的W2K虛擬主機(jī)服務(wù)器具有高安全性,可以讓客戶在自己的網(wǎng)站空間中任意使用卻有沒有辦法危害系統(tǒng)或者妨礙其他客戶網(wǎng)站的正 常運(yùn)行。
CGI
CGI是一個用于定Web服務(wù)器與外部程序之間通信方式的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),使得外部程序能生成HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)、圖像或者其他內(nèi)容,而服務(wù)器處理的方式與那些非 外部程序生成的HTML、圖像或其他內(nèi)容的處理方式是相同的。因此,CGI程序冊僅使你能生成表態(tài)內(nèi)容而能生動態(tài)內(nèi)容。使用CGI的原因在于它 是一個定義良好并被廣泛支持的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),沒有CGI就不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)動態(tài)的Web頁面,除非使用一些服務(wù)器中提供的特殊方法(如今,也有除CGI之外的 其他技術(shù)逐漸在成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn))。
PHP
PHP是一種服務(wù)器端HTML-嵌入式腳本描述語言。其最強(qiáng)大和最重要的特征是其數(shù)據(jù)庫集成層,使用它完成一個含有數(shù)據(jù)庫功能的網(wǎng)頁是不可 置信的簡單。在HTML文件中, PHP腳本程序(語法類似于Perl或者c語言)可以使用特別的PHP標(biāo)簽進(jìn)行引用,這樣網(wǎng)頁制作者也不必完全依賴HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)生成網(wǎng)頁了。由于PHP是在服務(wù)器端執(zhí)行的,客戶端是看不到PHP代碼的。 PHP可以完成任何CGI腳本可以完成的任務(wù),但它的功能的發(fā)揮 取決于它和各種數(shù)據(jù)庫的兼容性。 PHP除了可以使用HTTP進(jìn)行通信,也可以使用IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3協(xié)議。
JSP
JSP技術(shù)使用Java編程語言編寫類XML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個子集)的標(biāo)簽和scriptlets,來封裝產(chǎn)生動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁的處理邏輯。網(wǎng)頁還能通過tags和scriptlets訪問存在于服務(wù)端的資源的應(yīng)用邏輯。JSP將網(wǎng)頁邏輯與網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計(jì)和顯示分離,支持可重用的基于組件的設(shè)計(jì),使基于Web的應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)變得迅速和容易。
Web服務(wù)器在遇到訪問JSP網(wǎng)頁的請求時(shí),首先執(zhí)行其中的程序段,然后將執(zhí)行結(jié)果連同JSP文件中的HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)代碼一起返回給客戶。插入的Java程序段可以操作數(shù)據(jù)庫、重新定向網(wǎng)頁等,以實(shí)現(xiàn)建立動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁所需要的功能。
SQL
SQL是高級的非過程化編程語言,是溝通數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器和客戶端的重要工具,允許用戶在高層數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)上工作。它不要求用戶指定對數(shù)據(jù)的存放方法,也不需要用戶了解具體的數(shù)據(jù)存放方式,所以,具有完全不同底層結(jié)構(gòu)的不同數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng),可以使用相同的SQL語言作為數(shù)據(jù)輸入與管理的接口。它以記錄集合作為操作對象,所有SQL語句接受集合作為輸入,返回集合作為輸出,這種集合特性允許一條SQL語句的輸出作為另一條SQL語句的輸入,所以SQL語句可以嵌套,這使它具有極大的靈活性和強(qiáng)大的功能,在多數(shù)情況下,在其他語言中需要一大段程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)的功能只需要一個SQL語句就可以達(dá)到目的,這也意味著用SQL語言可以寫出非常復(fù)雜的語句。
網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)的注意事項(xiàng)
第一,web開發(fā)的一大守則是 “不要相信任何來自于客戶端的數(shù)據(jù)”。 在web安全這個問題上考慮,用戶提交的數(shù)據(jù)不可能總是按照我們的心意符合規(guī)范的。我們需要考慮到sql注入,xss等等。
第二,在網(wǎng)站開發(fā)過程中網(wǎng)頁制作工作就是將設(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)好的圖片文件制作成HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)頁面.主要包括以下幾個步驟:
切圖做網(wǎng)站框架
內(nèi)容的填充
整合動畫配合程序整合
上傳
測試
為什么客戶需要明確網(wǎng)站的定位及內(nèi)容?
客戶的需求變化會直接影響網(wǎng)站項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)行,客戶需求的反復(fù)改變意味著不夠準(zhǔn)確的網(wǎng)站定位,這將會影響到網(wǎng)站本身,以及開發(fā)進(jìn)度和效果.
網(wǎng)頁顏色搭配風(fēng)格類型分析
在進(jìn)行網(wǎng)站模板建設(shè)時(shí),不同的企業(yè)會選擇不同的風(fēng)格,而不同的風(fēng)格也對應(yīng)了不同的顏色,由于不同的顏色有著不同的含義,并且能夠給人各種豐富的感覺和聯(lián)想,下面我們對各種顏色代表的意義了解一下:
紅色:熱情、奔放、喜悅、莊嚴(yán)
黃色:高貴、富有、燦爛、活潑
黑色:嚴(yán)肅、夜晚、沉著
白色:純潔、簡單、潔凈
藍(lán)色:天空、清爽、科技
綠色:植物、生命、生機(jī)
灰色:莊重、沉穩(wěn)
紫色:浪漫、富貴
棕色:大地、厚樸
準(zhǔn)備資料
按欄目整理網(wǎng)站的資料:這樣不僅方便制作工作,提高制作效率,也可以避免網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容散亂,喪失針對性。按欄目整理資料可使您準(zhǔn)備及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容的缺失及保持網(wǎng)站結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡。資料要清晰完整,我們會建議您一個文件歸檔的方式,請您按欄目名稱相應(yīng)建立文件夾,每一個文件夾內(nèi)放相應(yīng)的文字及圖片資料。
提供資料
網(wǎng)站資料應(yīng)該在網(wǎng)站項(xiàng)目開始時(shí)就提供,這樣設(shè)計(jì)師可以根據(jù)客戶公司的具體內(nèi)容合理安排欄目及導(dǎo)航的位置。而且制作人員也可以在開始制作之前提前了解網(wǎng)站的內(nèi)容信息,以方便后面制作工作的展開。
簽署制作
我們的項(xiàng)目流程中,設(shè)計(jì)完成并得到客戶書面確認(rèn)后制作工作會立即開始,制作的過程也就是將設(shè)計(jì)的圖示圖片轉(zhuǎn)換成HTML(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通用標(biāo)記語言下的一個應(yīng)用)文件的過程,也就是轉(zhuǎn)換成用戶可以瀏覽的網(wǎng)頁文件。制作人員會根據(jù)每一個網(wǎng)站的具體情況來制作,這個過程中會生成很多圖片及優(yōu)化后的網(wǎng)頁文件,網(wǎng)站的每一個細(xì)節(jié),制作人員都會考慮周全來滿足網(wǎng)站瀏覽者的方便,如果沒有客戶的書面確認(rèn)就開始制作,一旦版面變更,制作人員就需要修改幾十到幾百個圖片或頁面,甚至整個網(wǎng)站都需要重新制作,對項(xiàng)目造成極大的浪費(fèi)。
資料校對
網(wǎng)站上出現(xiàn)錯別字或語法、語義錯誤,這是任何一個公司都不能接受的,所以客戶在提供資料的時(shí)候請一定要首先校對,如果制作完成后再校對修改會延誤項(xiàng)目的執(zhí)行進(jìn)度,這會給客戶帶來很大的麻煩。所以資料提供前請一定要先校對準(zhǔn)確。
選擇公司
網(wǎng)站制作開發(fā)費(fèi)用當(dāng)然有多有少。如何既要省錢又要做出滿意的符合要
求的網(wǎng)站,這就必須要選擇好網(wǎng)站開發(fā)的公司了。
第一,看公司的規(guī)模情況,包括技術(shù)人員,公司概況,服務(wù)理念等。
第二,看公司之前制作過的案例,看是否有符合自己的作品等。
第三,網(wǎng)站開發(fā)不是一個一次性的項(xiàng)目,它包括后期的維護(hù),網(wǎng)站的二次開發(fā)。都要在合同里考慮到。
第四,專業(yè)公司是網(wǎng)站質(zhì)量的保證,所以做網(wǎng)站一定要找專業(yè)公司。別認(rèn)為便宜,找個人等制作,那是有很高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。
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