中考英語閱讀理解技巧
中考英語閱讀理解技巧
當我們上中學時,我們的英語閱讀理解應當如何做?解題思路是?有什么解題規(guī)律呢?下面是小編為您收集整理的中考英語閱讀理解技巧,供大家參考!
中考英語閱讀理解技巧
根據(jù)教育部制定的英語課程標準,初中畢業(yè)生應達到五級綜合語言運用能力。閱讀理解是綜合語言運用能力的一個重要方面,在中考中所占比重越來越大,這是拉開檔次的題目。
閱讀理解五級的目標部分描述如下:
1、能根據(jù)上下文和構詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義;
2、能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關系;
3、能找出文章中的主題,理解故事的情節(jié),預測故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結局;
4、能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料;
5、能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息;
6、除教材外,課外閱讀量應累計達到15萬詞以上(上海的要求更高一些,30萬詞以上)所謂閱讀能力是
指視讀能力、理解能力和對所讀材料的評價能力。
閱讀理解考查的項目大多是根據(jù)這三種能力的要求設計的。為了提高閱讀理解能力,同學們在做閱讀理解時,就要在以下幾個方面下功夫:
(一)要注意養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀心理閱讀時要去掉雜念,心緒要安定,精神要專一,要形成一種愜意的順向心理。造成大腦皮層的優(yōu)勢興奮中心。切不可一遇到幾個生詞難句,就心煩意亂,失去自控能力。心理學家告訴我們,任何恐慌,過分緊張的情緒都會形成一種消極因素妨礙大腦的正常思維功能。因此,遇到困難一定要從容不迫,心無旁騖。這樣才能對所讀的文章印象清晰,理解深刻。
(二)要提高視讀的速度考閱讀理解,從另一個方面來說,考的是考試速度。2002年上海英語中考閱讀理解文章每篇均達到400詞左右。慢讀是不行的。因此做閱讀理解時,要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習慣。閱讀時眼球總是不斷地移動——停頓——移動著。理解是在“眼?!钡乃查g進行的。我們要使眼停的時間相對增加,就要擴大視讀的廣度,把逐詞逐句的點式閱讀變成一次掃描一句的線式閱讀,并且把看到的東西迅速報告給大腦,形成眼腦較快的直映能力。切不可在個別難懂的詞句上磨蹭,只要全篇理解了,個別難懂的詞句可以根據(jù)上下文和構詞法去猜測,去推斷。
(三)閱讀時要注意培養(yǎng)語感所謂語感是指人們對語言中詞語搭配及句型結構的熟練程度。語感好的人,理解力就強,視讀的速度就快。閱讀時要留心詞語的搭配,即慣用法。必要時可用筆劃一劃或記下來。讀完每一篇文章,都應總結歸納一下,積累了多少單詞,慣用法和句型,這樣語感自然就會好起來。
(四)讀完一篇文章后,要回味一番對文章的段落結構,中心思想,人物事件,論點論據(jù)要做到心中有數(shù)。對不清楚的地方可以再看幾次。要留心關鍵詞句,注意弦外之音。對文章的評價分析,一定要堅持“詞不離句,句不離篇”,要理解文章作者的原意,而不能按你自己的意愿去想當然。切記:一想當然,就會出錯。
如果文章太長,你可以先把文章后面的問題看一遍,帶著問題去看文章。這樣可以幫助你去掉雜念,提高閱讀速度和解題的正確性。要善于找關鍵句,特別要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的頭一句話,往往就是關鍵句,可以幫助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主題。此外,還應該細讀文章,因為有時的試題是考細節(jié)??梢赃呑x邊用鉛筆做點標記,把有關的人物,事件,時間,地點,原因(即五個W,who,what,when,where,why)劃出來。凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一數(shù),有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目了然。
英語閱讀理解練習題
“Who has more questions, a teacher or a student?”About this question a great learned man told his student that nobody does but a teacher.
The student got puzzled. With a smile, the teacher drew two circles(圓). Within(在……里面)the larger one is my knowledge of things, and within the smaller one is yours. Out of the circles is still unknown to both of us. Since mine is larger, as you can see, the line that marks out the circle is longer. That makes it clear that who has more chances(機會)to face something still unknown.
1. The great learned man believed that ________.
A. a teacher has more questions
B. a student has more questions
C. both a teacher and a student have questions
D. everyone, except a teacher, has more questions
2. The student thought that ________.
A. a student’s knowledge is less than his teacher’s because it comes from the teacher
B. a teacher can not necessarily answer all the questions his students ask
C. those who have less knowledge have more questions
D. anyone who learns more has more questions
3. At the end of the story, the great learned man concluded(推斷)that ________.
A. a student should learn from his teacher
B. a teacher does not have so many questions as his student
C. a student knows more than his teacher
D. a teacher has more chances to face what he doesn’t know
4. Which of the following topics can NOT express the idea of the story?
A. You Will Never Learn Enough
B. A Teacher and His Student
C. There Is No Limit to Knowledge
D. One Is Never Too Old to Learn
5. We can often find such an article in ________.
A. the Palace Museum B. any book
C. a newspaper of magazine D. An encyclopedia(百科全書)
Keys: 1-5 ACDBA