托福寫(xiě)作怎樣寫(xiě)出好例子
我們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)備考托福寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，熟練的使用各種例子，也是大家必備的技能。那么如何能夠?qū)懗龊美?，為我們的?xiě)作加分呢?學(xué)習(xí)啦為大家整理了一些技巧和方法，供大家參考。
托福寫(xiě)作怎樣寫(xiě)出好例子
例子可以使我們想要表達(dá)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)或者要闡述的概念更加生動(dòng)形象，以使得觀(guān)點(diǎn)更加地具有說(shuō)服力。而且針對(duì)托福寫(xiě)作來(lái)講，考官比較青睞例證比較好的文章。一般來(lái)講，在托福的獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中，我們常用的例子包括兩種，一種例子是去描述特別具體的某個(gè)人或者某一件事情，這種例子一般比較適合與我們的生活，工作和學(xué)習(xí)緊密相關(guān)的話(huà)題。比如“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Keeping old friends is more important than making new friends.”;第二種例子就是假設(shè)一個(gè)一般化的例子，通過(guò)假設(shè)一個(gè)場(chǎng)景來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題，而這種例子的寫(xiě)法一般比較適合話(huà)題比較大的一些話(huà)題，比如“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Land needs to be used to meet human need rather than to protect endangered animals.”今天我們就來(lái)展示怎樣把這兩種例子寫(xiě)好。
01具體的例子
Topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The students in university should not do any part-time jobs.
Position: Disagree
Reason: Doing part-time jobs can intensify our social ability.
Exemplification: Take myself for example. When I was a fresh man，I found it really hard to get along with people around me. Then I was advised to take a job as a waiter in the restaurant during which I had chances to communicate with different customers, making them satisfied with my “smile” service. After a year, I myself can realize that I have become more outgoing and understanding.
寫(xiě)一個(gè)很具體例子的時(shí)候同學(xué)們要注意幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：
1、不要寫(xiě)得特別長(zhǎng)，寫(xiě)太多就變成了記敘文，而我們的獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作是議論文體;
2、這種例子一定要和說(shuō)理分析性的內(nèi)容結(jié)合在一起才能夠支撐起來(lái)一個(gè)主體段。
02假設(shè)性的例子
假設(shè)性的例子有兩點(diǎn)好處。其一就是別人不會(huì)懷疑我們寫(xiě)的這個(gè)例子的真實(shí)性，二就是假設(shè)性的例子其實(shí)是analytic example，這種伴隨著分析的例子其實(shí)要更符合托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的風(fēng)格，更能夠體現(xiàn)一個(gè)學(xué)生的分析能力與水平，畢竟議論文的特點(diǎn)就是分析和證明。
Topic：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Land needs to be used to meet human need rather than to protect endangered animals.
Position：Protect endangered animals
Reason: Another important reason to protect endangered animals is that the delicate ecological balance of an area might be irreparably harmed by their extinction.
Exemplification: For example, if humans chop down forests and use the land to grow corn, they might simultaneously destroy the habitats of a kind of bird that eats locusts. The next year because the locust population can grow unchecked, locusts might destroy the entire nearby corn crop. Not only do the birds lose their homes, but humans are also harmed. The ecological balance of many natural habitats is still not well understood and humans interfere in it at their peril.
通過(guò)這一段，大家可以看到假設(shè)性的例子的威力。整段文章不長(zhǎng)，例子也不多，但是卻非常有效地證明了段首的觀(guān)點(diǎn)即保護(hù)生態(tài)平衡的重要性。所以，文章不一定要寫(xiě)很多，但是一定要寫(xiě)好，永遠(yuǎn)不要忘了，獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的靈魂和核心就是去證明一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的合理性和說(shuō)服力，所以你用的手段很重要。
新托福寫(xiě)作例子材料匯總
所謂細(xì)化，就是不要拘泥于單純的題目。一定要進(jìn)行舉例!比如說(shuō)：獨(dú)立作文題目：Do you agree or disagree the following statement ： Leadership comes naturally： one cannot learn to be a leader。與中國(guó)大陸?yīng)毩⒆魑念}目：Some people have ambitious dreams and keep following them， but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. Which do you think is better?
第一個(gè)題目，大家都覺(jué)得很空，“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力”到底該怎么找理由，完全沒(méi)有頭緒。第二個(gè)題目，也是一樣的，“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的夢(mèng)想”與“現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)”感覺(jué)遠(yuǎn)不如老托福里面的“是否建立工廠(chǎng)”好想理由。
但是如果我們對(duì)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力進(jìn)行舉例，我們自然而然的就會(huì)想到喬布斯，絕對(duì)是一個(gè)超偉大的大企業(yè)家，喬布斯有什么過(guò)人的能力呢。1 創(chuàng)新能力，否則不會(huì)有iphone與ipad; 2 審美能力，否則Mac的字體不會(huì)那么漂亮，iphone也不會(huì)那么完美 ;3 堅(jiān)韌不拔的能力，否則也不會(huì)建立皮克斯東山再起。再來(lái)想創(chuàng)新能力，我們可以通過(guò)旅游來(lái)獲得，什么可以通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)獲得，堅(jiān)韌可以通過(guò)體育來(lái)獲得。到這，不也就找到了寫(xiě)作的方向了么。
托福作文備考找理由，切忌就事論事，其實(shí)只要我們大膽的進(jìn)行舉例，然后需要的時(shí)候，再適當(dāng)提煉，其實(shí)作文思路是非常好尋找的。就像給姑娘寫(xiě)情書(shū)的時(shí)候，你也不能只寫(xiě)我愛(ài)你，還一定要寫(xiě)“不看你的眼，不看你的眉，看的時(shí)候心里跳，看過(guò)以后眼淚垂，不看你的眼，不看你的 眉，不看你也愛(ài)上你，忘了我是誰(shuí)”這里的眼與眉不都是舉例么。
托福作文畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛需要六步
1 首先關(guān)于篇幅：請(qǐng)大家務(wù)必要把作文的長(zhǎng)度保持在300字以上，最好能有400字左右。
2 其次是你文章的文體格式(style)：是不是按照ETS所要求的論文體(academic)來(lái)寫(xiě)的。
3 看你在文章中是否有修辭：大家不妨在文章中使用排比、擬人、比喻等修辭手法，甚至引用和倒裝這樣的假修辭都會(huì)是你的加分法寶。
4 要注意你關(guān)鍵句的句型：關(guān)鍵句是指首段觀(guān)點(diǎn)句、理由段首句和結(jié)論段首句。關(guān)鍵句一定要使用復(fù)雜句，最好是使用我上課時(shí)曾經(jīng)分析過(guò)的倒裝句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
5 用詞是否多樣化：同一意思盡量用不同的詞來(lái)表達(dá)而不要重復(fù)。
6 看你的例子是否完美支持中心思想，這一點(diǎn)是最近才提出的，也是考生們比較難把握的，我建議大家平時(shí)多看托福寫(xiě)作題庫(kù)，結(jié)合多思考，多搜集話(huà)題，爭(zhēng)取做到爛熟于胸。
托福寫(xiě)作二十一個(gè)失分點(diǎn)
1. 托福寫(xiě)作段落過(guò)長(zhǎng)，不分段主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞一致問(wèn)題She are a good friend of mine that I has known for a long time.主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞在數(shù)方面不一致。
2.文章結(jié)構(gòu)不平行：I was able to raise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books.當(dāng)使用連詞將一系列的單詞聯(lián)接起來(lái)的時(shí)候，應(yīng)當(dāng)使用詞性相同或同一類(lèi)型的短語(yǔ)。
3.不知所云：Many companies began using computers mouth.
4.句子別扭We heated the soup in the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed.措辭過(guò)長(zhǎng)或不清。換言之，句子顯得滑稽可笑。
5.不要使用縮寫(xiě)在正式的寫(xiě)作中。不要使用縮寫(xiě)形式(can’t，don’t，it’s，we’ll，they’ve等等)，而應(yīng)當(dāng)使用單詞的完整形式(cannot，do not，it is，we will，they have等等)。
6.關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)重復(fù)Since I want to go to a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores.不能在該句的主要主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~前使用連詞。
7.句子不完整Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to gets into college. For example, my friend in high school.句子沒(méi)有主要主語(yǔ)或主要?jiǎng)釉~，因?yàn)槠鋵?shí)它應(yīng)是一個(gè)從句。這是一個(gè)非常常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，修改的方法是將兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)。
8.書(shū)寫(xiě)難以辨認(rèn)信息不正確I would like to study in America because all modern technology originated there.傳的信息不正確，或者讓人聽(tīng)起來(lái)覺(jué)得可能不正確(如果確實(shí)是正確的，應(yīng)當(dāng)解釋為什么這樣，因?yàn)樽x者不認(rèn)為是正確的)。上述例句中，all的意 思是百分之百;我們不能絕對(duì)地說(shuō)每一件新東西都是從美國(guó)誕生的。為保險(xiǎn)起見(jiàn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)使用many或most。非英語(yǔ)單詞Computers are very helpful and advantageable.盡管看起來(lái)象個(gè)單詞，其實(shí)不是，至少不是個(gè)英文單詞。使用這個(gè)單詞的另一種形式。
9.介詞多余I would like to discuss about something important that you mentioned about to me during yesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came to the US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate never mentioned about her husband.在表示這種意思時(shí)此單詞不能與介詞連用。這種情況常見(jiàn)于downtown，home，there，here等詞。這些詞語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中是副詞而非名詞，因而不能在它們前面添加介詞。
10.跑題或不相關(guān)There are many reasons to buy a car, preferably a nice car.這個(gè)意思與okay for children to fail sometimes.所表達(dá)的意思很普通大多數(shù)人都已經(jīng)知道到了，因而就沒(méi)有必要再說(shuō)出來(lái)。
11.標(biāo)點(diǎn)問(wèn)題I love animals. And I like to help them. Because they are helpless. So I want to become a vet.這是一個(gè)非常普遍的問(wèn)題!許多學(xué)生在句子中使用了太多的句號(hào)，尤其是當(dāng)他們用手寫(xiě)的時(shí)候。
12.重復(fù)冗余Personally, I believe what the newspaper prints.一種意思的表述不止一次，或者某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)不必要。
13.單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)Many year ago, dinosaur roamed the Earths.單詞需要從單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，或者由復(fù)數(shù)變成單數(shù)。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不能單獨(dú)使用，應(yīng)該將其變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式或者加上限定詞(a, the, my, his, her, Gary’s, no, any, 1, 3, 50, most,等等)。
14.拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或賓語(yǔ)有問(wèn)題I want to buy something for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accident happen yesterday.句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)有問(wèn)題 缺少主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或賓語(yǔ)，或者這些成分重復(fù)。
15.語(yǔ)氣與文章不符I was kind of mad at the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderful things about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kong and I would love to visit these cities to check them out.語(yǔ)氣與文章其他部分不相符可能是過(guò)于正式或者太不正式。
16.代詞指代不明If people do not speak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend to complete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there.代詞所指代的指示詞(介詞所代替的名詞)不清楚。
17.過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)We should use our resources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse. 句子或它所表達(dá)的意思過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)，不能提供多少信息。
18.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤Yesterday I will go to the store because tomorrow I needed some food.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不正確檢查一下是應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)還是完成時(shí)等等。
19.選詞不恰當(dāng)I was late getting home because I lost my way.在這種情況下不應(yīng)該使用該詞可選擇更好的詞語(yǔ)或者所使用的詞語(yǔ)與文章的總體語(yǔ)氣不符。
20.單詞形式不當(dāng)I want to creation a great web site so that I can becoming wealth.所使用的單詞的形式不正確檢查一下應(yīng)該使用該詞的名詞、形容詞或副詞形式的哪一種。
21.用詞錯(cuò)誤Even I don’t speak Spanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department store. I gained a lot of pounds during vacation.用詞錯(cuò)誤或在此種情況下該詞不是最佳用詞。
托福寫(xiě)作怎樣寫(xiě)出好例子相關(guān)文章：
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★ 教你解決托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作時(shí)間不夠的問(wèn)題
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托福寫(xiě)作怎樣寫(xiě)出好例子相關(guān)文章：
★ 托福寫(xiě)作思路如何合理把握?明確審題最關(guān)鍵
★ 教你解決托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作時(shí)間不夠的問(wèn)題