托福獨(dú)立寫作題目匯總及思路講解
托福獨(dú)立寫作是托福寫作考試中的一部分，因?yàn)橥懈懽骺荚囍邪C合寫作和獨(dú)立寫作，下面小編為大家整理托福獨(dú)立寫作題目匯總及思路講解，供大家練習(xí)。
托福獨(dú)立寫作題目匯總及思路講解
第一題：養(yǎng)寵物是最好的培養(yǎng)孩子責(zé)任感的方法
觀點(diǎn)：同意
理由如下：
第一，通過養(yǎng)寵物，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了承擔(dān)對(duì)寵物的責(zé)任。因?yàn)樗麄円疹檶櫸锏某院壤?，有時(shí)還要帶寵物去看獸醫(yī)，還要每天遛狗等等。
此外，通過照顧寵物，孩子們明白了父母養(yǎng)育子女的不容易。因此更能理解父母，了解自己對(duì)父母的贍養(yǎng)責(zé)任。最后，通過養(yǎng)寵物，孩子們知道自己對(duì)社區(qū)的責(zé)任。因?yàn)樗麄円_保寵物們不隨地大小便。
總結(jié)：通過養(yǎng)寵物，孩子們會(huì)慢慢了解自己對(duì)動(dòng)物，對(duì)家人，對(duì)社會(huì)的責(zé)任。因此，養(yǎng)寵物是最好的培養(yǎng)孩子們責(zé)任感的方式。
1)By raising a pet, children assume the responsibility for their pets.
2)By raising a pet, children know the difficulty of caring for a living creature so they have opportunity to understand their parents, and thus they are more willing to take the responsibility of supporting their parents.
3)By raising a pet, children will have a strong sense of responsibility towards the community.
第二題：現(xiàn)在的人不像過去的人那么依靠鄰居了
觀點(diǎn)：同意
理由如下：
第一，過去的人們流動(dòng)性不強(qiáng)?？赡芎芏嗳艘惠呑佣即粼谝粋€(gè)地方。因?yàn)榻煌?、?jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá)。而現(xiàn)在，由于交通發(fā)達(dá)，經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化，使得人們換工作、換住處都比過去容易。由于經(jīng)常搬家，鄰居之間可能都不認(rèn)識(shí)。
此外，現(xiàn)在各種騙子太多，人們對(duì)家人以外的人都保持警惕。即便有什么事情，很多人都愿意找警察或者家人，不太愿意找鄰居。
最后，由于科技的發(fā)達(dá)，尤其是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、手機(jī)的發(fā)達(dá)，很多事情人們都能自己解決。以上理由，使得人們不像過去那么依賴鄰居了。
1)Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.
2)People nowadays tend to be suspicious of strangers.
3)As technology develops, people nowadays are more likely to have the ability to solve problems on their own.
第三題：大學(xué)是應(yīng)該將錢花在聘請(qǐng)著名教授上還是花在改善學(xué)校設(shè)備上
觀點(diǎn)：大學(xué)應(yīng)該將錢花在聘請(qǐng)著名教授上
理由如下：
第一，著名教授一般都是德藝雙馨的。他們不僅能傳授學(xué)生文化知識(shí)，還能教會(huì)學(xué)生如何做人。
此外，著名教授的社會(huì)關(guān)系是普通老師無(wú)法比擬的。他們能給學(xué)生將來(lái)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)更大的平臺(tái)。
1)Generally speaking, famous professors are respected not only because of their erudite knowledge but also because of their moral standards.
2)Famous professor are more likely to introduce students to a greater stage.
托福寫作如何巧妙運(yùn)用習(xí)語(yǔ)
詞匯多樣性：
詞匯貧乏之中國(guó)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)作文的通病。整篇作文一個(gè)詞用到底，從不作任何變化：一遇到“改變/變化”就是change，“影響”就是effect，“流行”就是popular，“認(rèn)為”就是think;每逢“因?yàn)椤本褪莃ecause，“意識(shí)到”就是realize，“想到”就是think of，等等。其實(shí)英語(yǔ)詞匯很豐富的，同一個(gè)意思可以由很多不同的方式表達(dá)，如：
改變：change，modify，alter，shift，fashion，transform，convert
變化：change，vary，convert，fluctuate，oscillate
保護(hù)：protect，conserve，safeguard
保存：save，preserve，conserve，keep，store
影響：effect，influence，impact，infection
流行：popular，prevalent， prevailing，current，common，universal
認(rèn)為：think，believe，hold，argue，maintain，deem，opine，reckon，figure
意識(shí)到：realize，be aware of/that，be awake to，understand，it/sth. dawns on sb.
想到：think of，come up with，occur to/strike sb.，come to，remind，suggest
看作：regard …as…，look on/consider/view/see/take…as…
應(yīng)該：should，ought to，it is/would be better，it is advisable to
因?yàn)椋篵ecause，since，as，for，because of，owing to，thanks to，due to，as a result of，in virtue of，on account of，with，from，at，of
關(guān)于：about，on，with regard to，as regards，concerning，relating to
因此：so，therefore，thus，accordingly，consequently，hence，thereby
然而：however，nevertheless，nonetheless，whereas，though，still，yet
另外：moreover，in addition，besides，furthermore，one more thing
不同：different，difference，differ，vary from…to…，conflicting，diverse，diversified，various，a variety of
吸引人的：attractive，appealing，taking，inviting，tempting，fascinating，charming，alluring， glamorous， absorbing， enticing
閃光的英語(yǔ)托福作文包含四個(gè)要素：
1 完整性：句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意義完整;
2 連貫性：句子各部分之間以及句子之間的關(guān)系緊密、協(xié)調(diào)，前后意思連貫，思想表達(dá)清楚有序;
3 簡(jiǎn)潔性：言簡(jiǎn)意賅;
4 多樣性：包括詞匯多樣性和句子多樣性。
以上四要素中，前三個(gè)要素是前提和基礎(chǔ)，比較容易做到;多樣性是對(duì)前三個(gè)要素的升華，是作文閃光點(diǎn)的核心和關(guān)鍵所在。
句子多樣性
單調(diào)的句式和結(jié)構(gòu)、長(zhǎng)度相近的句子使作文呆板單調(diào)，缺乏生動(dòng)性和說(shuō)服力;而靈活多變的句子樣式和結(jié)構(gòu)則使作文語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)，自然流暢，豐富多彩。具體包括以下幾個(gè)方面：
長(zhǎng)短句變換：簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句交替運(yùn)用
長(zhǎng)句準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)，長(zhǎng)于說(shuō)明推理;短句簡(jiǎn)潔明快，意義明確，印象深刻，描述動(dòng)作，表明主旨，總結(jié)歸納，非短句不可。既然各有所長(zhǎng)，在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，交替使用簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句，以達(dá)到“段間長(zhǎng)短不一，全篇句式萬(wàn)千”、豐富多樣的效果，給讀者以及閱卷老師以永恒的新鮮感。
結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化：我們學(xué)過非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)(包括不定式結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞結(jié)構(gòu))，無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，比較結(jié)構(gòu)，獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，特殊否定結(jié)構(gòu)，it結(jié)構(gòu)，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，等等。其中最為神通廣大的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中或作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，或作表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，或作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，或作狀語(yǔ)表示條件、原因、讓步、時(shí)間、方式、目的、結(jié)果、伴隨狀況等，不一而足。
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡(jiǎn)化大部分英語(yǔ)從句，產(chǎn)生語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，結(jié)構(gòu)豐富多樣的效果，請(qǐng)看下列轉(zhuǎn)化實(shí)例：
名詞從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)
1. That John won the marathon surprised us.
John’s winning the Marathon surprised us.
2. I have not decided whether I should vote for Clint.
I have not decided whether to vote for Clint.
定語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)
1. The man (who is) standing at the gate is my English teacher.
2. The car (that was) repaired yesterday by him is my mother’s.
3. The next train that arrives is from New York.
狀語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)
1. After he had watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
2. When they are heated metals expand.
(When) Heated, metals expand.
3. Because I do not know what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
4. I spoke slowly and clearly in order that the audience could understand me.
…in order for the audience to understand me.
5. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fail.
United, we stand; divided, we fail.Toefl
6. Though he has lived in Canada for tree years, he still cannot speak English well.
Having lived in Canada for three years, he still cannot speak English well.
托福寫作的字?jǐn)?shù)都有什么講究
新托福作文需要行文不啰嗦，句子應(yīng)越短越好，如果一個(gè)字能說(shuō)清楚的，就不要用兩個(gè)字。
例如：At this point in time，we should pull together for our goal. (現(xiàn)在我們應(yīng)該為我們的目標(biāo)團(tuán)結(jié)一致)這句話中“At this point in time”表示“現(xiàn)在”，我們完全可以用now來(lái)代替。
In the majority of cases，he likes to ride bike to the office. (他通常喜歡騎單車到辦公室)。很簡(jiǎn)單的一句話，完全可以寫成 He usually likes to ride bike to the office.
托福寫作經(jīng)驗(yàn)提出平時(shí)我們所說(shuō)的用詞多樣化和地道并不是體現(xiàn)在這些時(shí)間副詞或者是完全可以簡(jiǎn)化的啰嗦句型上，而是指實(shí)用性極強(qiáng)的詞如動(dòng)詞和形容詞，比如：
Original：Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other people's feelings and learn to be kind.
Revised： Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people's feelings and learn to be considerate.
add，kind表達(dá)的含義都比較寬泛。add可以指數(shù)量上的增加，也可以指程度的加強(qiáng)，對(duì)于“豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)、增加知識(shí)”這個(gè)意思，用enrich會(huì)使表達(dá)更準(zhǔn)確。kind從字面意義上講是“好的、善良的”，用kind來(lái)形容人無(wú)法具體地表現(xiàn)出一個(gè)人的性格特征到底怎樣，原句中是想表達(dá)“考慮周到、體貼入微”的特點(diǎn)，要準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)這個(gè)含義應(yīng)選擇considerate。
托福寫作范文：什么原因促使大家上大學(xué)
寫作題目
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 你認(rèn)為人們上大學(xué)的原因是什么?
寫作范文
People attend colleges or universities for many different reasons. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase knowledge of oneself and the world around.
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many, this is the primary reason to go to college. They know that the job market is competitive. At college, they can learn new skills for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn’t relate directly to a career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in.
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托福獨(dú)立寫作題目匯總及思路講解
