2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)整理
托業(yè)考試做好會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多類型的短語(yǔ)，這就要靠考生平時(shí)的積累了，下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)整理。
2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)上
1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守 2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力 (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)): be absorbed in 全神貫注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6. access(to) (不可數(shù)名詞) 能接近,進(jìn)入,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地 8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主動(dòng)地 9. in accord with 與…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根據(jù) 12. on one’s own account 1) 為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one’s own risk) 自行負(fù)責(zé) 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬; on account of 因?yàn)? on no account不論什么原因也不;of …account 有………重要性. 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考慮進(jìn)去 14. give sb. an account of 說(shuō)明, 解釋 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋, 說(shuō)明. 16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因?yàn)? 17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無(wú)論如何不要(放句首時(shí)句子要倒裝) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)習(xí)慣于. 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行,按照…行動(dòng); act as 扮演; act for代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己適應(yīng)于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改編, 改寫(xiě)(以適應(yīng)新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 堅(jiān)持, 遵循 27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗鄰的, 臨近的 28. adjust……(to) (=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié); 適應(yīng) 29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地. 30. in advance (before in time) 預(yù)告, 事先. 31. to advantage 有利的,使優(yōu)點(diǎn)更加突出地. 32. have an advantage over 勝過(guò). have the advantage of 由于…處于有利條件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 34. agree with 贊同(某人意見(jiàn)) agree to 同意 35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 36. ahead of 在…之前, 超過(guò)…;. ahead of time 提前. 37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體. 2)在謠傳中. 38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 總共, 總計(jì) 40. after all 畢竟,到底; (not) at all 一點(diǎn)也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大體上說(shuō); be all in 累極了; all but 幾乎. 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考慮到, 估計(jì)到. 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 總計(jì), 等于. 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé). 44. answer to (=conform to) 適合,符合. 45. be anxious about 為…焦急不安; 或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 為…向…道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 對(duì)某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth. 為…向…申請(qǐng) ; apply for申請(qǐng); apply to 適用. 49. apply to 與…有關(guān);適用 50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 贊成, approve vt.
2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)中
Word Vocabulary Games: English Adjectives Nouns Test # TOEIC/W2 1. adj. customary：adj 習(xí)慣的，通常的;n習(xí)慣法匯編 (a)instant：adj立即的;n瞬間，立刻 (b)traditional：adj傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的 (c)discouraged：adj氣餒的;v勸阻(discourage的過(guò)去分詞)，使失去勇氣 (d)fraught：adj擔(dān)心的，憂慮的 2. adj. apt at inventing(有發(fā)明才能的)= characterized by invention; creative(有創(chuàng)造性的); new; original(原始的，獨(dú)創(chuàng)的) (a)inventive：adj有發(fā)明才能的 (b)discrete：adj離散的，不連續(xù)的;n獨(dú)立部件 (c)managerial：adj管理的，經(jīng)理的 (d)kind：adj和藹的;n種類 3. adj. resisting change：抵制改變; desiring to preserve traditions：希望能保持慣例; cautious：adj謹(jǐn)慎的 (a)found：vt創(chuàng)立，找到(find的過(guò)去分詞) (b)tremendous：adj極大的，驚人的 (c)comforting：adj安慰的，令人欣慰的 (d)conservative：adj保守的;n保守派 4. adj. articulate(發(fā)音清晰的); eloquent(意味深長(zhǎng)的); able to read and write with ease(熟練的，毫不費(fèi)勁的); graceful(優(yōu)雅的); fluid=flowing (a)attendant：adj伴隨的，侍候的;n服務(wù)員 (b)fluent：adj流暢的，流利的，液態(tài)的 (c)certain：adj必然的;pron某幾個(gè) (d)interim：adj臨時(shí)的;n過(guò)渡時(shí)期，暫定 5. n. specialist in repairs of machinery and appliances：機(jī)器和電器用具修理方面的專家 (a)clipping：n剪裁，剪斷;adj頭等的，極好的 (b)clip：n修剪，夾子，回形針;vt/vi修剪 (c)technician：n技術(shù)員 (d)survey：n調(diào)查，測(cè)量 6. n. pertaining to(適合)a value that is approximately in the middle of a series of values (a)upholstery：n家居裝飾用品業(yè) (b)adjustable rate：n可調(diào)整利率 (c)nomination：n任命，提名 (d)mid-range：n中點(diǎn)值;adj中等的 7. adj. flawless(完美的); complete(完整的); undamaged(未損壞的) (a)due：adj到期的，應(yīng)付的;n應(yīng)付款;adv正(置于方位詞前) (b)record：adj創(chuàng)記錄的;n檔案;vt/vi記錄 (c)rubber：adj橡膠制成的;n橡膠，按摩師;vt涂橡膠于，用橡膠制造;vi扭轉(zhuǎn)脖子看 (d)perfect：adj完美的;n完成式;vt使完美 8. adj. in the event of(…的發(fā)生) sudden need (a)suspect：adj可疑的;n嫌疑犯;vt/vi懷疑，猜想 (b)impressive：adj感人的，令人欽佩的，給人以深刻印象的 (c)bonded：adj有擔(dān)保的，存入保稅倉(cāng)庫(kù)的;v結(jié)合(bond的過(guò)去分詞) (d)emergency：adj緊急的，備用的;n緊急情況 9. adj. guilty(有罪的); dishonest(不誠(chéng)實(shí)的); of the nature of fraud (n[fr?:d]欺騙，詭計(jì)); based on fraud (a)perennial：adj多年生的;n多年生的植物 (b)fraudulent：adj欺騙性的，不正的 (c)competent：adj勝任的 (d)minute：adj微小的;n分鐘;vt將記錄下來(lái) 10. adj. pertinent(相關(guān)的); relevant(有關(guān)的); connected(連接的) (a)periodical：adj周期的，定期的;n雜志，期刊 (b)germane：adj有密切關(guān)系的，貼切的 (c)maximum：adj的，最多的;n極大，限度 (d)motive：adj發(fā)動(dòng)的;n動(dòng)機(jī);vt使產(chǎn)生動(dòng)機(jī)，激起
2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)下
1. adv. against; in contrast to
(a)counter ：adv相反地;n計(jì)數(shù)器;vt反擊;adj相反的
(b)curtly ：adv簡(jiǎn)略地
(c)nevertheless ：adv然而，不過(guò);conj然而
(d)either ：adv也(用于否定或否定詞組后)，根本;conj或者;prep任何一個(gè);adj兩者之中任一的
2. adv. toward the front; ahead; to the front(在前面)
(a)sternly ：adv嚴(yán)厲地，堅(jiān)決地
(b)downward：adv向下;adj向下的
(c)originally：adv最初，起初，本來(lái)
(d)forward ：adv向前地;n先鋒;vt促進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)寄;adj向前的，早的，迅速的
3. adv. confidently(自信地); certainly(當(dāng)然，必定); without a doubt(無(wú)疑地); yes; of course
(a)counter：adv相反地;n計(jì)數(shù)器;vt反擊;adj相反的
(b)conscientiously：adv良心上
(c)abroad：adv在國(guó)外n海外，異國(guó)
(d)surely：adv當(dāng)然，無(wú)疑
4. adv. meticulously(細(xì)致地); exactingly; scrupulously; diligently; thoroughl; in detail
(a)minutely：adv詳細(xì)地，精密地;adj每分鐘的
(b)especially：adv特別，尤其
(c)approximately：大約，近似地
(d)obviously：adv明顯地
5. adv. relatively(相當(dāng)?shù)?
(a)primarily：adv首先，主要地，根本上
(b)randomly：adv隨便地 ，任意地
(c)comparatively：adv比較地，相當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
(d)previously：adv以前，預(yù)先
6. adv. based on individual thoughts and feelings
(a)subjectively：adv主觀地，臆想地
(b)seamlessly：adv無(wú)縫地
(c)regardless：adj不管，不顧
(d)obviously：adv明顯地
7. adv. under; below
(a)drastically：adv徹底地，激烈地
(b)contrary：相反地，對(duì)立地
(c)beneath：adv在下方，prep在之下
(d)either：adv也(用于否定或否定詞組后)，根本;conj或者;prep任何一個(gè);adj兩者之中任一的
8. adv. after the usual or expected time(預(yù)期執(zhí)行時(shí)間); tardily(緩慢地); recently; far on time; formerly(adv以前，原來(lái))
(a)rarely：很少地，難得
(b)initially：adv最初，首先
(c)late：adv晚，最近
(d)thus：adv因此，從而;conj因此;n乳香
9. adv. in a close-fitting manner; firmly(堅(jiān)定地)
(a)late：adv晚，最近
(b)regardless：adj不管
(c)tight：adv緊緊地，徹底地，adj緊緊的，吝嗇的
(d)ill：adv不利地;n疾病;adj生病的
10. adv. past; further than
(a)beyond ：adv在遠(yuǎn)處;prep超過(guò);n遠(yuǎn)處
(b)anyway：adv無(wú)論如何
(c)anyhow：adv總之，無(wú)論如何
(d)manually：adv手動(dòng)地
托業(yè)考試之閱讀理解練習(xí)題
Hotels were among the earliest facilities that bound the United States together.They were both creatures and creators of communities,as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community.Even in the first part of the nineteenth century,Americans were private,business and pleasure purposes.Conventions were the new occasions,and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible.The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate for President (that of the National Republican party,which met on December 12,1831,and nominated Henry Clay for President)was held in Baltimore,at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country.The presence in Baltimore of Barnum's City Hotel,a six-story building with two hundred apartments helps explain why many other early national political conventions were held there.
In the longer run,too.American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial.The growing custom of regularly assembling from afar the representatives of all kinds of groups -not only for political conventions,but also for commercial,professional,learned,and avocational ones -in turn supported the multiplying hotels.By mid-twentieth century,conventions accounted for over third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation,about eighteen thousand different conventions were held annually with a total attendance of about ten million persons.
Nineteenth-century American hotelkeepers,who were no longer the genial,deferential "hosts"of the eighteenth-century European inn,became leading citizens.Holding a large stake in the community,they exercised power to make it prosper.As owners or managers of the local "palace of the public",they were makers and shapers of a principal community attraction.Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position.
1.The word "bound"in line 1is closest in meaning to
(A)led
(B)protected
(C)tied
(D)strengthened
2.The National Republican party is mentioned in line 8as an example of a group
(A)from Baltimore
(B)of learned people
(C)owning a hotel
(D)holding a convention
3.The word "assembling"in line 14is closest in meaning to
(A)announcing
(B)motivating
(C)gathering
(D)contracting
4.The word "ones"in line 16refers to
(A)hotels
(B)conventions
(C)kinds
(D)representatives
5.The word "it"in line 23refers to
(A)European inn
(B)host
(C)community
(D)public
6.It can be inferred from the passage that early hotelkeepers in the United States were
(A)active politicians
(B)European immigrants
(C)Professional builders
(D)Influential citizens
7.Which of the following statements about early American hotels is NOT mentioned in the passage?
(A)Travelers from abroad did not enjoy staying in them.
(B)Conventions were held in them
(C)People used them for both business and pleasure.
(D)They were important to the community.
Question 8-17
Beads were probably the first durable ornaments humans possessed,and the intimate relationship they had with their owners is reflected in the fact that beads are among the most common items found in ancient archaeological sites.In the past,as today,men,women,and children adorned themselves with beads.In some cultures still,certain beads are often worn from birth until death,and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife.Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads,and if they are buried for long,the effects of corrosion can further change their appearance.Thus,interest is imparted to the bead both by use and the effects of time.
Besides their wearability,either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire,beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible,they are durable,portable,available in infinite variety,and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in today's market.Pleasing to look at and touch,beads come in shapes,colors,and materials that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them.
Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed:their history,manufacture,cultural context,economic role,and ornamental use are all points of information one hopes to unravel.Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been exposed to many human experiences.The bead researcher must gather information from many diverse fields.In addition to having to be a generalist while specializing in what may seem to be a narrow field,the researcher is faced with the problem of primary materials that have little or no documentation.Many ancient beads that are of ethnographic interest have often been separated from their original cultural context.
The special attractions of beads contribute to the uniqueness of bead research.While often regarded as the "small change of civilizations",beads are a part of every culture,and they can often be used to date archaeological sites and to designate the degree of mercantile,technological,and cultural sophistication.
8.What is the main subject of the passage?
(A)Materials used in making beads.
(B)How beads are made
(C)The reasons for studying beads
(D)Different types of beads
9.The word "adorned"in line 4is closest in meaning to
(A)protected
(B)decorated
(C)purchased
(D)enjoyed
10.The word "attire"in line 9is closest in meaning to
(A)ritual
(B)importance
(C)clothing
(D)history
11.All of the following are given as characteristics of collectible objects EXCEPT
(A)durability
(B)portability
(C)value
(D)scarcity.
12.According to the passage,all of the following are factors that make people want to touch beads EXCEPT the (A)shape
(B)color
(C)material
(D)odor
13.The word "unravel"in line 16is closest in meaning to
(A)communicate
(B)transport
(C)improve
(D)discover
14.The word "mundane"in line 16is closest in meaning to
(A)carved
(B)beautiful
(C)ordinary
(D)heavy
15.It is difficult to trace the history of certain ancient beads because they
(A)are small in size
(B)have been buried underground
(C)have been moved from their original locations
(D)are frequently lost
16.Knowledge of the history of some beads may be useful in the studies done by which of the following?
(A)Anthropologists
(B)Agricultural experts
(C)Medical researchers
(D)Economists
17.Where in the passage does the author describe why the appearance of beads may change?
(A)Lines 3-4
(B)Lines 6-8
(C)Lines 12-13
(D)Lines 20-22.
Question 18-31
In the world of birds,bill design is a prime example of evolutionary fine-tuning.Shorebirds such as oystercatchers use their bills to pry open the tightly sealed shells of their prey,hummingbirds have stiletto-like bills to probe the deepest nectar-bearing flowers,and kiwis smell out earthworms thanks to nostrils located at the tip of their beaks.But few birds are more intimately tied to their source of sustenance than are crossbills.Two species of these finches,named for the way the upper and lower parts of their bills cross,rather than meet in the middle,reside in the evergreen forests of North America and feed on the seeds held within the cones of coniferous trees.
The efficiency of the bill is evident when a crossbill locates a cone.Using a lateral motion of its lower mandible,the bird separates two overlapping scales on the cone and exposes the seed.The crossed mandibles enable the bird to exert a powerful biting force at the bill tips,which is critical for maneuvering them between the scales and spreading the scales apart.Next,the crossbill snakes its long tongue into the gap and draws out the seed.Using the combined action of the bill and tongue,the bird cracks open and discards the woody seed covering action and swallows the nutritious inner kernel.This whole process takes but a few seconds and is repeated hundreds of times a day.
The bills of different crossbill species and subspecies vary -some are stout and deep,others more slander and shallow.As a rule,large-billed crossbills are better at securing seeds from large cones,while small-billed crossbills are more deft at removing the seeds from small,thin-scaled cones.Moreover,the degree to which cones are naturally slightly open or tightly closed helps determine which bill design is the best.
One anomaly is the subspecies of red crossbill known as the Newfoundland crossbill.This bird has a large,robust bill,yet most of Newfoundland's conifers have small cones,the same kind of cones that the slender-billed white-wings rely on.
18.What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A)The importance of conifers in evergreen forests
(B)The efficiency of the bill of the crossbill
(C)The variety of food available in a forest
(D)The different techniques birds use to obtain food
19.Which of the following statements best represents the type of "evolutionary fine -turning"mentioned in line1?
(A)Different shapes of bills have evolved depending on the available food supply
(B)White -wing crossbills have evolved from red crossbills
(C)Newfoundland's conifers have evolved small cones
(D)Several subspecies of crossbills have evolved from two species
20.Why does the author mention oystercatchers,hummingbirds,and kiwis in lines 2-4?
(A)They are examples of birds that live in the forest
(B)Their beaks are similar to the beak of the crossbill
(C)They illustrate the relationship between bill design and food supply
(D)They are closely related to the crossbill
21.Crossbills are a type of
(A)shorebird
(B)hummingbird
(C)kiwi
(D)finch
22.Which of the following most closely resembles the bird described in lines 6-8?
(A)(圖)
(B)(圖)
(C)(圖)
(D)(圖)
23.The word "which"in line 12refers to
(A)seed
(B)bird
(C)force
(D)bill
24.The word "gap"in line 13is closest in meaning to
(A)opening
(B)flower
(C)mouth
(D)tree
25.The word "discards"in line 15is closest in meaning to
(A)eats
(B)breaks
(C)finds out
(D)gets rid of
26.The word "others"in line 18refers to
(A)bills
(B)species
(C)seeds
(D)cones
27.The word "deft"in line 19is closest in meaning to
(A)hungry
(B)skilled
(C)tired
(D)pleasant
28.The word "robust"in line 24is closest in meaning to
(A)strong
(B)colorful
(C)unusual
(D)sharp
29.In what way is the Newfoundland crossbill an anomaly?
(A)It is larger than the other crossbill species
(B)It uses a different technique to obtain food
(C)The size of its bill does not fit the size of its food source
(D)It does not live in evergreen forests.
30.The final paragraph of the passage will probably continue with a discussion of
(A)other species of forest birds
(B)the fragile ecosystem of Newfoundland
(C)what mammals live in the forests of North America
(D)how the Newfoundland crossbill survives with a large bill
31.Where in the passage does the author describe how a crossbill removes a seed from its cone?
(A)The first paragraph
(B)The second paragraph
(C)The third paragraph
(D)The forth paragraph
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2020年托業(yè)考試閱讀常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)整理
