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如何高效的瀏覽文章

時(shí)間: 美婷21257 分享

  在文章的瀏覽(即略讀,skimming)過程中,對(duì)文中信息重要性的判斷可以幫助讀者快速有效地了解段落的大意。接下來,小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了如何高效的瀏覽文章,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。

  如何高效的瀏覽文章

  1.以下詞組提示下文所涉及的重要信息:

  The main / important point / conclusion / reason….

  The point to note here…

  2.以下詞組提示了下文的結(jié)構(gòu)框架:

  There are three major reasons…

  3.but 和 however表示對(duì)比,常常用來提示重要信息,例如:

  The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.

  4.在文中提問可以突出問題后的答案,提示讀者答案中有重要信息,例如:

  Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.

  5.有時(shí),為了保證讀者完全理解自己的觀點(diǎn),作者會(huì)在文中反復(fù)提出自己的觀點(diǎn),例如:

  Death control can be achieved autonomously1. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.

  6.文章的結(jié)論通常是非常重要的,因此,讀者要在文中尋找提示結(jié)論的“信號(hào)詞”,例如:

  Thereforethe result

  In conclusionwe can conclude

  One of the primary conclusions

  7.舉例是為了幫助讀者理解某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),因此,文中的例子不是瀏覽文章時(shí)的重要信息。在閱讀過程中,以下詞組提示讀者下文是舉例部分信息。

  For example/instancelike

  Such asthese include

  To illustrateamong these are

  有時(shí),作者也會(huì)用破折號(hào)或括號(hào)來提示舉例信息,例如:

  The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.

  Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…

  在段落瀏覽時(shí),讀者在看到信號(hào)詞后,應(yīng)不斷對(duì)下文信息作出相應(yīng)的判斷,例如:

  The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,僅僅是為了用來證明前面的觀點(diǎn)) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved2 over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria3. Why (提示:?jiǎn)栴}的答案中有讀者應(yīng)該關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:這只是眾多答案中的一種,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:這里是作者想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.



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