12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題試卷及答案

時(shí)間：2022-08-31 15:09:51 文瓊0由分享

過(guò)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)的秘密,無(wú)非就是反復(fù)刷題。能做到一套真題中的隨便一個(gè)單詞都知道,把所有的東西都轉(zhuǎn)換為自己的,四級(jí)一定能過(guò),還是高分。下面小編就跟大家聊聊關(guān)于12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題試卷及答案吧，希望能幫助到大家。

2017年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題試卷

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

We all know there exists great void (空白) in the public educational system when itcomes to 26 to STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering Mathematics) courses. Oneeducator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Doritaught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in qualitySTEM education at all 27 of the public educational system. She said, "I startedEngineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineeringprograms to 28 my own kids in."

She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 in STEM-basedcompetitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids inthe program won several state 30 , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and31 it. The global business EFK was born.

Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 32 recreation centers. Today, the EFK program 33 over 144 branches in 32 states within theUnited States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from million in 2014 to million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, "Ournation is not 34 enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age tounderstand that engineering is a great 35 ."

A) attracted B) career C) championships D) degrees E) developing F) enroll G) exposureH) feasible I) feeding J) graduating K) interest L) levels M) local N) operates O) participated

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Why aren't you curious about what happened?

A)"You suspended Ray Rice after our video," a reporter from TMZ challenged NationalFootball League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. "Why didn't you have thecuriosity to go to the casino (賭場(chǎng)) yourself?" The implication of the question is that amore curious commissioner would have found a way to get the tape.

B) The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestion thatthere is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. "I have beenbothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity," said a Democraticmember of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficientlyinquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie whochose not to ask hard question about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal. "Isn't the mainstream media the least bit curious about what happened?" wroteconservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring to the attack on Americansin Benghazi, Libya.

C) The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack ofcuriosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to score political points forone's party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself?

D) The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Knowand Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is 'Yes'. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.

E) We are suffering, he writes, from a "serendipity deficit." The word "serendipity" wascoined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who "werealways making discoveries, by accident, of things they were not in search of." Leslieworries that the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, hasreduced our appetite for aimless adventures. No longer have we the inclination to letourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seekonly the information we want.

F) Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovationand entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporationsmake disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as awhole so successful as a species.

G) Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as awhole is growing less curious. In the U.S and Europe, for example, the rise of theInternet has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader's borders. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literaryfiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more curious.

H) Moreover, in order to be curious, "you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledgein the first place." Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most ofus are unaware of how much we don't know, he's surely right to point out that theproblem is growing: "Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions havedefinite answers."

I) Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whippingbody (替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the "perfectsearch engine" will "understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what Iwant." Elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes: "Google aims to save you from the thirst ofcuriosity altogether."

J) Somewhat nostalgically (懷舊地), he quotes John Maynard Keynes's justly famouswords of praise to the bookstore: "One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, andallow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walk the rounds of thebookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoon's entertainment." If only!

K) Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (認(rèn)知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes thereceived wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectualtalent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factor—and a difficult one topreserve. If not cultivated, it will not survive: "Childhood curiosity is acollaboration between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is to leave it alone."

L) School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious. Children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class and lower class families. That lack ofcuriosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult ifnot impossible to compensate for later on

M) Although Leslie's book isn't about politics, he doesn't entirely shy away from theproblem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious. Theyshould ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequence, he warns, innot wanting to know.

N) He presents as an example the failure of the George W. Bush administration toprepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq. According to Leslie, thosewho ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2002 remark that wehave to be wary of the "unknown unknowns" were mistaken. Rumsfeld's idea, Lesliewrites, " wasn't absurd—it was smart." He adds, "The tragedy is that he didn't follow hisown advice."

O) All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each criticin those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority isintentionally being curious. I leave it to the reader's political preference to decidewhich, if any, charges should stick. But let's be careful about demanding curiosityabout the other side's weaknesses and remanding determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sake—even when what we findout is something we didn't particularly want to know.

36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don'tknow.

37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one's success.

38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge's sake.

39. Political leaders' lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.

40. There are often accusations about politicians' and the media's lack of curiosity tofind out the truth

41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.

42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence anddiligence.

43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.

44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute topeople's declining curiosity.

45. Mankind wouldn't be so innovative without curiosity.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It wouldseem silly to call such a thing a "disease."

On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age aretwo different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heartdisease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as somethingtreatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.

Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. Hesaid that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.

"It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制藥的) industry so that they can begintreating the disease and not just the side effects," he said.

"Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can't control," he said. "In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they cantry to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, andcan do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range."

But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, "It would attract funding and changethe way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable."

"It was always known that the body accumulates damage," he added. "The only way tocure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine forage-related conditions."

Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the ideathat aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which someresearchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.

"There're many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But theycontinue to age, because aging is separate from their disease," Hayflick said. "Even ifthose causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years."

46. What do people generally believe about aging?

A) It should cause no alarm whatsoever.

B) They just cannot do anything about it.

C) It should be regarded as a kind of disease.

D) They can delay it with advances in science.

47. How do many scientists view aging now?

A) It might be prevented and treated.

B) It can be as risky as heart disease.

C) It results from a vitamin deficiency.

D) It is an irreversible biological process.

48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as a disease"?

A) It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.

B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.

C) It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.

D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.

49. What do we learn about the medical community?

A) They now have a strong interest in research on aging.

B) They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.

C) They can contribute to people's health only to a limited extent.

D) They have ways to intervene in people's aging process.

50. What does professor Leonard Hayflick believe?

A) The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.

B) Aging is hardly separable from disease.

C) Few people live up to the age of 92.

D) Heart disease is the major cause of aging.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely toreceive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.

As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higherstarting salaries, have more mentoring (指導(dǎo)), and have better odds of being hired. Studies show they're also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And new research reveals that menare more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too.

"Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever had," says Kuheli Dutt, a socialscientist and diversity officer at Columbia University's Lamont campus. "Compare thoseexcellent letters with a merely good letter: 'The candidate was productive, orintelligent, or a solid scientist or something that's clearly solid praise,' but nothing thatsingles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a kind."

Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation forpostdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and otheridentifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowingthe gender of the student. They found that female applicants were only half as likely toget outstanding letters, compared with their male counterparts. That includes letters ofrecommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. Thefindings are in the journal Nature Geoscience.

Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of theapplicants using the data in the files. But she says the results still suggest women ingeoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careersstarting with those less than outstanding letters of recommendation.

"We're not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone conscious sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues onimplicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even adiscipline level." Which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writersthemselves.

51. What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?

A) There are many more men applying than women.

B) Chances for women to get the positions are scare.

C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.

D) Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.

52. What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?

A) Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.

B) Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.

C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.

D) Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often exceptional.

53. What do the studies find about the recommendation letters for women applicants?

A) They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.

B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.

C) They provide objective information without exaggeration.

D) They are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.

54. What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters ofrecommendation?

A) They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them.

B) They invited women professionals to edit them.

C) They assigned them randomly to reviewers.

D) They deleted all information about gender.

55. What does Dutt aim to do with her study?

A) Raise recommendation writers' awareness of gender bias in their letters.

B) Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work.

C) Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM disciplines.

D) Start a public discussion on how to raise women's status in academic circles.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto　English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.

黃山位于安徽省南部。它風(fēng)景獨(dú)特，尤以其日出和云海著稱。要欣賞大山的宏偉壯麗，通常得向上看。但要欣賞黃山美景，得向下看。黃山的濕潤(rùn)氣候有利于茶樹生成，是中國(guó)主要產(chǎn)茶地之一。這里還有許多溫泉，其泉水有助于防治皮膚病。黃山是中國(guó)主要旅游目的地之一，也是攝影和傳統(tǒng)國(guó)畫最受歡迎的主題。

2017年12月四級(jí)部分真題參考答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

Mutual Understanding Is Most Important

When we talk about the relationship between doctors and patients, what comes into mymind is generally negative news. However, I believe there is a way for doctors andpatients to get along harmoniously—that is mutual understanding.

On the one hand, patients are helpless and worried when they go to hospital. Sodoctor's attitude or response is critically important for them and their family. On theother hand, doctors have to face so many patients every day that they even have no timeto take a rest. Such a high intensity of work could drive a man crazy. Thus, if they canstand in each other's shoes, most problems could be solved. Otherwise, a doctor's briefconclusion about the condition of patients might be regarded as cold blood and result inconflicts.

Nowadays, much effort has been made to case the tension of doctor-patientrelationship. But I think the most effective one is mutual understanding and trust.

Part II Listening Comprehension

說(shuō)明：由于2017年12月四級(jí)考試全國(guó)共考了兩套聽力，本套真題聽力與前兩套內(nèi)容相同，只是選項(xiàng)順序不同，因此在本套真題中不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：GLFOC EMNJB

36-45：HDOMB LKJGF

46-55：BADCA CCBDA

Part IV Translation

Located in southern Anhui province in eastern China, Huangshan is known for its uniquenatural scenery, particularly sunrises and sea of clouds. To appreciate the magnificenceof the mountain, you have to look upward in most cases; while to enjoy the fascinatinglandscape of Huangshan, you've got to look downward. The humid climate of the areaoffers favorable conditions for tea trees to grow, which makes the surrounding area ofHuangshan one of the major producers of tea. The mountain is also home to numeroushot springs, which are helpful for preventing skin disease. As one of the top touristdestinations in China, Huangshan represents the most popular theme of photographicworks and traditional Chinese paintings.

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法講義人稱代詞概說(shuō)

人稱代詞概說(shuō)

表示"我'，、"你"、"他"、"我們"、"你們"、"他們"等的詞，叫做人稱代詞。

人稱代詞的用法

1)人稱代詞主格的用法

a)作主語(yǔ)

I am a cook.(炊事員) We are cooks，

You are a teacher.(教師) You are teachers.

He is a barber.(理發(fā)員) The yare barbers.

She is a nurse.(護(hù)士)The yare nurses.

It is a cart.(大車) They are carts.

b)作表語(yǔ)