托福閱讀時間不夠因為你沒做到詳略得當

時間：2020-07-18 13:29:46 楚薇0由分享

對于托福閱讀考試，相信大家都很很多心得可說。但是事實上，有很多考生在托福閱讀的答題當中總是感覺時間不夠用，那么這是什么原因呢?下面小編從4個方面來分析一下為什么你的托福閱讀考試時間總是不夠，希望對大家有幫助。

托福閱讀時間不夠因為你沒做到詳略得當

現(xiàn)行的新托?？荚囈廊恢匾晫﹂喿x能力的考查，并且，托福考試不僅有單獨的新托福閱讀理解測試，而且在口語以及寫作方面的測試中也明顯的對閱讀能力提出了要求。按照ETS的官方說明，新托福閱讀中的文章都是科普文章，結構特征和內容特征是比較明顯的，所以在筆記中需要記錄的內容也是可以相對明確的。

1.單詞：想要做好托福閱讀，背托福單詞是最基礎的。這個就是需要學員自己完成任務。但是尤為重要的一點是，托?？荚囍?，對單詞的考查不僅僅是背過單詞含義就可以，更重要的是要學會應用，學會在文章中理解使用單詞。

句子：同中文的一句一句短小的句子不同，英文中的句子多是長句，有時候一個句子就是一段。而且英文的句子多是主從復合句，以中式的思維邏輯來學習會很不習慣，不能適應句子的2.語序。這就需要托?？忌谄綍r的訓練中多讀多看，擴大泛讀。

3.段落：托福閱讀的文章大多都是學術性比較強的文章，在學習中，會應用到TS+D和TS+D的變形方式的做題方法。具體TS+D是什么，應該怎么用，在這里，姜老師給我們留了一個懸念，“關于TS+D會在托福強化班的課程中講到，想要知道怎么用來上強化班就知道啦?！?/p>

4.篇章：像托福的題型之一--小結題，就會用到對全篇的把握和理解。掌握對于全文的思維路線做這類題就會比較容易了。對于全文的拐角，轉彎處把握好了，全文的意思也就差不多了。做題的時候還有注意對細節(jié)的把握。

有的學生會覺得托福閱讀的題量很大，時間不夠用，做不完題?！捌鋵嵾@是因為學生在做題的時候沒有做到詳略得當。把握好精讀和泛讀的區(qū)別，找準需要精讀的地方，做起題來會又快又準?！?/p>

在新托福閱讀中進行快速筆記是有效地把握文章結構，記錄重要信息的手段，此外，掌握快速筆記的方法，養(yǎng)成“邊讀邊記”的習慣，會讓研究效率大大提高。從這個角度來看，同學們更應該以托?？荚嚍槠鯔C，培養(yǎng)自己這種良好的閱讀習慣，從而在學習和研究中達到事半功倍的效果。

如何劃分托福閱讀中的層次

分析托福閱讀層次對于理解托福閱讀非常重要，下面就為大家分析托福閱讀關系，文章中有很多能夠表現(xiàn)出主題的句子，首先要將他們進行了解，然后在進行分析，這樣就可以取得理想的托福閱讀理解效果。

對于多數(shù)人來說，可能“讀文章各段首句，然后看題目，再找文章內相應部分做題”的托福閱讀做題順序會比較合適，讀各段首句可以粗略掌握文章大意和結構，做題再看內容再做能大大降低“工作量”，但是這種做法不利于對全文的消化吸收，從而不利于做總結題，也可能會遺漏文章內的一些細節(jié)而導致做錯細節(jié)題。而新托福目前反饋大都是順序出題的，所以建議練習時就盡量往“讀一段做相應題目，再讀一段再做相應題目”這一順序去靠攏，可以對文章有全面的把握，雖然總量上還是要讀完全文，但是對大腦的短期記憶的負擔要比通讀全文再做題目小很多。

在新托福閱讀中，甚至可以擴展到ETS所有考試的閱讀題目中，如果要用一個詞來概括的話，那就是paraphrase，意譯。無論是題干還是正確選項，大都能在原文中找出一句話來與之相對應。即題目是原文的意譯。這種意譯是通過同義詞來完成的。即題干中多用近義詞來對原文中的句子進行替換，來達到提出問題或者提出正確答案的意思。準確把握意譯，是多數(shù)題目中準確在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑選項中選出正確的那個，都有著重要的作用。

托福閱讀層次分析中，關于先看題目還是先看文章的問題。也就是做題時間安排的問題。由于對問題的回答建立在了熟悉全文的基礎上，每個問題又有足夠的時間返回全文，每個選項都一一進行斟酌。

分析托福閱讀層次，首先要知道托福閱讀文段一般都依照老美的思路來成文，首段、尾段、首句、尾句以及過渡段(句)很重要，只要是依據(jù)美國人的閱讀思路來安排托福閱讀做題順序，那托福閱讀就不會像你想象的那樣難以拿分。

托福閱讀真題訓練1

Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists. These can be divided into preformed or passive defense mechanisms and inducible or active systems. Passive plant defense comprises physical and chemical barriers that prevent entry of pathogens, such as bacteria, or render tissues unpalatable or toxic to the invader. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae. Other trichomes are sticky and glandular and effectively trap and immobilize insects.

If the physical barriers of the plant are breached, then preformed chemicals may inhibit or kill the intruder, and plant tissues contain a diverse array of toxic or potentially toxic substances, such as resins, tannins, glycosides, and alkaloids, many of which are highly effective deterrents to insects that feed on plants. The success of the Colorado beetle in infesting potatoes, for example, seems to be correlated with its high tolerance to alkaloids that normally repel potential pests. Other possible chemical defenses, while not directly toxic to the parasite, may inhibit some essential step in the establishment of a parasitic relationship. For example, glycoproteins in plant cell walls may inactivate enzymes that degrade cell walls. These enzymes are often produced by bacteria and fungi.

Active plant defense mechanisms are comparable to the immune system of vertebrate animals, although the cellular and molecular bases are fundamentally different. Both, however, are triggered in reaction to intrusion, implying that the host has some means of recognizing the presence of a foreign organism. The most dramatic example of an inducible plant defense reaction is the hypersensitive response. In the hypersensitive response, cells undergo rapid necrosis — that is, they become diseased and die — after being penetrated by a parasite; the parasite itself subsequently ceases to grow and is therefore restricted to one or a few cells around the entry site. Several theories have been put forward to explain the basis of hypersensitive resistance.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The success of parasites in resisting plant defense mechanisms

(B) Theories on active plant defense mechanisms

(D) How the immune system of animals and the defense mechanisms of plants differ

2. The phrase subject to in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) susceptible to

(B) classified by

(D) strengthened by

3. The word puncture in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) pierce

(B) pinch

(D) cover .

4. The word which in line 12 refers to

(A) tissues

(B) substances

(D) insects

5. Which of the following substances does the author mention as NOT necessarily being toxic to

the Colorado beetle?

(A) resins

(B) tannins

(D) alkaloids

6. Why does the author mention glycoproteins in line 17?

(A) to compare plant defense mechanisms to the immune system of animals

(B) to introduce the discussion of active defense mechanisms in plants

(D) to emphasize the importance of physical barriers in plant defense

7. The word dramatic in line 23 could best be replaced by

(A) striking

(B) accurate

(D) appealing

8. Where in the passage does the author describe an active plant-defense reaction?

(A) Lines 1-3

(B) Lines 4-6

(D) Lines 24-27

9. The passage most probably continues with a discussion of theories on

(A) the basis of passive plant defense

(B) how chemicals inhibit a parasitic relationship.

(D) the principles of the hypersensitive response.

托福閱讀真題訓練2

Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common murres, Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets. Of all the birds on these cliffs, the black-legged kittiwake gull is the best suited for nesting on narrow ledges. Although its nesting habits are similar to those of gulls that nest on flat ground, there are a number of important differences related to the cliff-nesting habit.

The advantage of nesting on cliffs is the immunity it gives from foxes, which cannot scale the sheer rocks, and from ravens and other species of gulls, which have difficulty in landing on narrow ledges to steal eggs. This immunity has been followed by a relaxation of the defenses, and kittiwakes do not react to predators nearly as fiercely as do ground-nesting gulls. A colony of Bonaparte's gulls responds to the appearance of a predatory herring gull by flying up as a group with a clamor of alarm calls, followed by concerted mobbing, but kittiwakes simply ignore herring gulls, since they pose little threat to nests on cliffs. Neither do kittiwakes attempt to conceal their nest. Most gulls keep the nest area clear of droppings, and remove empty eggshells after the chicks have hatched, so that the location of the nest is not given away. Kittiwakes defecate over the edge of the nest, which keeps it clean, but this practice, as well as their tendency to leave the nest littered with eggshells, makes its location very conspicuous.

On the other hand, nesting on a narrow ledge has its own peculiar problems, and kittiwake behavior has become adapted to overcome them. The female kittiwake sits when mating, whereas other gulls stand, so the pair will not overbalance and fall off the ledge. The nest is a deep cup, made of mud or seaweed, to hold the eggs safely, compared with the shallow scrape of other gulls, and the chicks are remarkably immobile until fully grown. They do not run from their nests when approached, and if they should come near to the cliff edge, they instinctively turn back.

1. What aspect of the kittiwake gull does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Its defensive behavior

(B) It interactions with other gull species

(D) Its physical difference from other gull species

2. The word rear in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) visit

(B) watch

(D) raise

3. The word scale in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) climb

(B) avoid

(D) measure