雅思閱讀資料分享
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雅思閱讀資料分享：敏感人群的16個(gè)習(xí)慣
Do you feel like you reflect on things more than everyone else? Do you find yourself worrying about how other people feel? Do you prefer quieter, less chaotic environments?
你是否覺(jué)得自己看待事物比其他人想得多?你是否發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總在擔(dān)心其他人的感受?你是不是更喜歡安靜一些，少些嘈雜的環(huán)境?
If the above sound true to you, you may be highly sensitive. The personality trait -- which was first researched by Elaine N. Aron, Ph.D., in the early 1990s -- is relatively common, with as many as one in five people possessing it. Aron, who has written multiple studies and books on high sensitivity, including The Highly Sensitive Person, also developed a self-test (which you can take here) to help you determine if you are highly sensitive.
如果以上描述對(duì)你適用，那么你很可能屬于高敏感人群。這種個(gè)性特征是相對(duì)普遍的，每五個(gè)人中就有一人屬于此類(lèi)。伊萊恩·阿隆博士在20世紀(jì)九十年代早期首次對(duì)此進(jìn)行了研究，她寫(xiě)過(guò)數(shù)篇研究報(bào)告和數(shù)本相關(guān)圖書(shū)，其中包括《高度敏感的人》。她同時(shí)也開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)自我測(cè)試來(lái)幫助你決定自己是不是高度敏感(你可以跟著這篇文章進(jìn)行測(cè)試)。
While recent interest in introversion -- driven largely by high-profile publications on the subject, including Susan Cain's book "Quiet," -- has brought more awareness to personality traits that value less stimulation and higher sensitivity, Aron notes that highly sensitive people still tend to be considered the "minority."
近期，包括蘇珊·凱因的《安靜》在內(nèi)的諸多內(nèi)向主題出版物高調(diào)發(fā)表，引起了大眾對(duì)此的極大興趣，人們更加注意到喜歡少些刺激和有著更高敏感度的個(gè)性特征。阿隆博士提到，高敏感人群現(xiàn)在仍被認(rèn)為是“少數(shù)”。
But "minority" doesn't mean bad -- in fact, being highly sensitive carries a multitude of positive characteristics. Read on for some of the commonalities shared by highly sensitive people.
但“少數(shù)”并不意味著不好——實(shí)際上，高度敏感的人有一系列積極正面的個(gè)性特征。跟著本文一起看看高敏感度人群的一些常見(jiàn)的個(gè)性特征吧。
1. They feel more deeply.
1. 他們的感受更加深刻。
One of the hallmark characteristics of highly sensitive people is the ability to feel more deeply than their less-sensitive peers. "They like to process things on a deep level," Ted Zeff, Ph.D., author of The Highly Sensitive Person's Survival Guide and other books on highly sensitive people, tells HuffPost. "They're very intuitive, and go very deep inside to try to figure things out."
高敏感度人群的特征標(biāo)志之一就是他們比低敏感的的同伴有著更深刻的感受。“他們喜歡在深層面掌握事物，”曾編寫(xiě)《高敏感度人群的生存指南》以及其他相關(guān)書(shū)籍的特德·澤夫博士對(duì)《赫芬頓郵報(bào)》說(shuō)道：“他們有敏銳的直覺(jué)，會(huì)深刻思考尋找問(wèn)題的答案?！?/p>
2. They're more emotionally reactive.
2. 他們的情感反應(yīng)更豐富。
People who are highly sensitive will react more in a situation. For instance, they will have more empathy and feel more concern for a friend's problems, according to Aron. They may also have more concern about how another person may be reacting in the face of a negative event.
高敏感度的人對(duì)于一個(gè)情景會(huì)做出更多反應(yīng)。比如，根據(jù)阿隆博士的說(shuō)法，他們更會(huì)站在他人的角度考慮，對(duì)朋友遇到的難題也更有同感。他們也許會(huì)更加顧慮到其他人遇到不好的事情會(huì)怎樣反應(yīng)。
3. They're probably used to hearing, "Don't take things so personally" and "Why are you so sensitive?"
3. 他們很可能已經(jīng)習(xí)慣聽(tīng)到“別往心里去“和”為什么你這么敏感?“之類(lèi)的話(huà)。
Depending on the culture, sensitivity can be perceived as an asset or a negative trait, Zeff explains. In some of his own research, Zeff says that highly sensitive men he interviewed from other countries -- such as Thailand and India -- were rarely or never teased, while highly sensitive men he interviewed from North America were frequently or always teased. "So a lot of it is very cultural -- the same person who is told, 'Oh, you're too sensitive,' in certain cultures, it's considered an asset," he says.
澤夫博士解釋道，文化決定敏感可以被視作一筆財(cái)富或者一種負(fù)面特質(zhì)。澤夫博士在研究中采訪(fǎng)過(guò)來(lái)自其他國(guó)家的高敏感人群，比如泰國(guó)和印度的高敏感的人很少或者幾乎沒(méi)被別人取笑過(guò)，而北美的高敏感人群經(jīng)常被作為取笑的對(duì)象?！八?，這很大程度上都和文化有關(guān)——在某些國(guó)家，同樣一個(gè)人被別人說(shuō)成‘你太敏感了!’，而在有些國(guó)家，這被視為一種個(gè)人財(cái)富，”他如此總結(jié)道。
4. They prefer to exercise solo. ??
4. 他們更喜歡獨(dú)自鍛煉。
Highly sensitive people may tend to avoid team sports, where there's a sense that everyone is watching their every move, Zeff says. In his research, the majority of highly sensitive people he interviewed preferred individual sports, like bicycling, running and hiking, to group sports. However, this is not a blanket rule -- there are some highly sensitive people who may have had parents who provided an understanding and supportive environment that would make it easier for them to participate in group sports, Zeff says.
澤夫博士介紹說(shuō)，高敏感的人可能傾向于避開(kāi)團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)覺(jué)得每個(gè)人都在看著他的一舉一動(dòng)。在他的研究中，他采訪(fǎng)的大部分高敏感的人更喜歡個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如騎自行車(chē)，跑步或者徒步旅行。然而，這并不適用于所有高敏感人群——由于家人提供了理解和支持的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境，有些高敏感的人可能更容易參與群體運(yùn)動(dòng)。
5. It takes longer for them to make decisions.
5. 他們做決定需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
Highly sensitive people are more aware of subtleties and details that could make decisions harder to make, Aron says. Even if there is no "right" or "wrong" decision -- for example, it's impossible to choose a "wrong" flavor of ice cream -- highly sensitive people will still tend to take longer to choose because they are weighing every possible outcome. Aron's advice for dealing with this: "Take as long to decide as the situation permits, and ask for more time if you need it and can take it," she writes in a recent issue of her Comfort Zone newsletter. "During this time, try pretending for a minute, hour, day, or even week that you have made up your mind a certain way. How does that feel? Often, on the other side of a decision things look different, and this gives you a chance to imagine more vividly that you are already there." One exception: Once a highly sensitive person has come to the conclusion of what is the right decision to make and what is the wrong decision to make in a certain situation, he or she will be quick to make that "right" decision again in the future.
高敏感的人更能意識(shí)到那些讓做決定變得困難的細(xì)節(jié)，阿隆講道。即使沒(méi)有“對(duì)”或者“錯(cuò)”的選擇，比如，不可能會(huì)選到有“錯(cuò)誤”口味的冰激凌，但高敏感的人仍會(huì)考慮更久，因?yàn)樗麄兿胍饬棵總€(gè)可能的結(jié)果。對(duì)此，阿隆給出以下建議：“情況允許的情況下，能考慮多久就考慮多久，如果你需要并且可以得到，爭(zhēng)取更多時(shí)間。”她在她的最近一期《舒適區(qū)》的通訊中寫(xiě)道，“在這段時(shí)間， 一分鐘，一小時(shí)，一天，甚至一星期，試著假裝你是以某種特定的方式做出決定的。這是什么感覺(jué)?一個(gè)選擇的相對(duì)面通?？雌饋?lái)非常不同，這樣做給你盡情想象做了另外一個(gè)選擇的機(jī)會(huì)?！崩猓阂粋€(gè)高敏感的人一旦得出正確和錯(cuò)誤選擇的結(jié)論，以后在需要做出“正確”選擇的時(shí)候他或者她會(huì)很快做出選擇。
雅思閱讀資料分享：MH370機(jī)長(zhǎng)起飛前接神秘電話(huà)?
英國(guó)媒體報(bào)道，馬航失聯(lián)客機(jī)MH370航班的機(jī)長(zhǎng)查哈里在客機(jī)起飛前，曾接過(guò)一個(gè)維持了兩分鐘的神秘電話(huà)，而當(dāng)局發(fā)現(xiàn)，與機(jī)長(zhǎng)最后通話(huà)的人，利用女性名字和假身分證購(gòu)買(mǎi)電話(huà)卡，令外界揣測(cè)客機(jī)失聯(lián)或與機(jī)師有關(guān)。
不過(guò)，據(jù)馬來(lái)西亞星洲網(wǎng)報(bào)道稱(chēng)，馬來(lái)西亞警方指報(bào)道純屬炒作，沒(méi)有根據(jù)。
《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，該通電話(huà)是查哈里駕駛客機(jī)起飛前所接的最后幾個(gè)電話(huà)之一。據(jù)報(bào)道，馬來(lái)西亞警方查出電話(huà)來(lái)源后，往賣(mài)出相關(guān)SIM卡的吉隆坡店舖查證，發(fā)現(xiàn)有人以女性名字及假身分注冊(cè)買(mǎi)該SIM卡。
調(diào)查員認(rèn)為該線(xiàn)索甚為重要，因任何人在馬來(lái)西亞購(gòu)買(mǎi)預(yù)付SIM卡，須填上身份證或護(hù)照號(hào)。這是911事件后引入的條例，保證每個(gè)手機(jī)號(hào)碼可追蹤到注冊(cè)者。
由于恐怖份子慣常用預(yù)付卡與人聯(lián)絡(luò)，故外界再度揣測(cè)，機(jī)長(zhǎng)是否與恐怖組織有聯(lián)系。
據(jù)報(bào)道，那些曾在客機(jī)起飛前幾個(gè)小時(shí)，與機(jī)長(zhǎng)通電話(huà)的相關(guān)人士已經(jīng)被查。
英國(guó)小報(bào)《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》日前率先報(bào)道指查哈里在航班起飛前，曾打了一通神秘電話(huà)，但馬來(lái)西亞警方指報(bào)道純屬炒作，沒(méi)有根據(jù)。
The captain of missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 received a two-minute call shortly before take-off from a mystery woman using a mobile phone number obtained under a false identity.
It was one of the last calls made to or from the mobile of Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah in the hours before his Boeing 777 left Kuala Lumpur 16 days ago.
Investigators are treating it as potentially significant because anyone buying a pay-as-you-go SIM card in Malaysia has to fill out a form giving their identity card or passport number.
Introduced as an anti-terrorism measure following 9/11, this ensures that every number is registered to a traceable person.
But in this case police traced the number to a shop selling SIM cards in Kuala Lumpur. They found that it had been bought ‘very recently’ by someone who gave a woman’s name – but was using a false identity.
The discovery raises fears of a possible link between Captain Zaharie, 53, and terror groups whose members routinely use untraceable SIM cards. Everyone else who spoke to the pilot on his phone in the hours before the flight took off has already been interviewed.
In a separate development, The Mail on Sunday has learned that investigators are now poised to question Captain Shah’s estranged wife in detail.
They have waited two weeks out of respect, but will now begin formally interviewing Faizah Khan following pressure from FBI agents assisting the inquiry.
Although the couple – who have three children – were separated, they had been living under the same roof. A source said: ‘Faizah has been spoken to gently by officers but she has not been questioned in detail to establish her husband’s behaviour and state of mind in the days leading to the incident.
雅思閱讀資料分享：調(diào)查顯示半數(shù)韓國(guó)青少年有自殺念頭
A recent survey shows that just over half of South Korean teenagers have had suicidal thoughts this year, while nearly one in three said they had felt very depressed.
最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，略高于半數(shù)的韓國(guó)青少年今年有過(guò)自殺念頭，同時(shí)近三分之一的青少年表示感到非常抑郁。
Over 40% of the survey respondents in the Feb. 20-27 poll by the Korea Health Promotion Foundation, an affiliate of the finance ministry, said that school pressure and future uncertainty concerned them the most. More than 17% in the survey of 1,000 Koreans aged 14 to 19 said that they were mainly stressed over their looks, and 16% by family troubles.
韓國(guó)企劃財(cái)政部下屬的健康促進(jìn)基金會(huì)(Korea Health Promotion Foundation)于2月20-27日進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)調(diào)查中，超過(guò)40%的受訪(fǎng)者表示，學(xué)業(yè)壓力和未來(lái)的不確定性最令他們擔(dān)心。在接受調(diào)查的1,000名14-19歲韓國(guó)青少年中，超過(guò)17%的受訪(fǎng)者表示主要為自己的相貌感受到壓力，16%的受訪(fǎng)者表示壓力主要來(lái)自家庭問(wèn)題。
South Korea's problems with suicide are often attributed to lifelong pressure to compete for better schools, better jobs, better physical appearance and even better marriages. What's alarming is that while overall suicide rates in developed countries are falling, the suicide rate for people aged 15-24 in Korea rose to 13 deaths per 100,000 people in 2011, up from 7.7 in 2001, according to the latest Statistics Korea data.
韓國(guó)自殺問(wèn)題的原因經(jīng)常被歸結(jié)為人們?yōu)楂@得更好的教育、工作、外貌、甚至婚姻而一生都感受到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力。值得警惕的是，盡管發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家總體自殺率正在下降，但韓國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)局的最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示2011年韓國(guó)15-24歲人口的自殺率從2001年的10萬(wàn)分之7.7上升至10萬(wàn)分之13。
Experts say South Korean teens often lack access to professional help or are reluctant to seek it out. One in four of the recent survey respondents said they have no-one to talk to when they're going through hard times. Almost half said they turn to friends instead of teachers, counselors or parents.
專(zhuān)家們指出，韓國(guó)青少年經(jīng)常缺少獲得專(zhuān)業(yè)幫助的途徑或不愿向外界尋求幫助。這次調(diào)查中有四分之一的受訪(fǎng)者表示，他們?cè)谟龅嚼щy時(shí)沒(méi)有人可以?xún)A訴。有將近半數(shù)的受訪(fǎng)者表示他們會(huì)求助于朋友，而不是老師、咨詢(xún)師或父母。
Kim Eun-young, a counselor who has researched and worked with suicidal teenagers since 2007 at the Korea Youth Counseling & Welfare Institute, says young people are more open talking about their suicidal thoughts than before. But because teenagers tend to use vague expressions such as 'what if I disappear one day?' or 'I feel like not waking up in the morning,' parents or friends often overlook the underlying problems by saying 'it's nothing' or 'toughen up.'
韓國(guó)青年咨詢(xún)及福利研究院(Korea Youth Counseling & Welfare Institute)的咨詢(xún)師Kim Eun-young自2007年以來(lái)一直研究并接觸自殺青少年。Kim說(shuō)，與過(guò)去相比，青年人現(xiàn)在更加坦率地談?wù)撟詺⑾敕?。但由于青少年總?huì)使用諸如“如果有一天我從世界上消失了會(huì)怎么樣”以及“我不想清晨再醒過(guò)來(lái)”等模糊的表達(dá)方式，父母和朋友經(jīng)常會(huì)忽視潛在的問(wèn)題，只是說(shuō)“這沒(méi)什么”或“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)起來(lái)”。
'We have social institutions and counselors at school to help teenagers with stress, but what we need is a mindset in which they utilize those resources just like they would go to a pharmacy or hospital when they get cold,' said Mo Sang-hyun, a research fellow at the National Youth Policy Institute in Seoul.
位于首爾的國(guó)家青年政策研究所(National Youth Policy Institute)的研究人員Mo Sang-hyun說(shuō)：我們有社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)以及學(xué)校的咨詢(xún)師來(lái)幫助青少年應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，但我們需要青少年擁有一種觀念，能夠想到利用這些資源，就像他們?cè)诟忻皶r(shí)去藥店或醫(yī)院一樣。
雅思閱讀資料分享：英國(guó)男子用短信發(fā)莎士比亞全集
A Bristol graphic designer who was ripped off by an internet seller has turned to Shakespeare to get his revenge.
在英國(guó)西部的港口城市布里斯托爾，一位平面設(shè)計(jì)師被一個(gè)網(wǎng)上賣(mài)家騙了，他讓莎士比亞幫他報(bào)仇了。
Edd Joseph, 24, who lives in the city with his girlfriend, was furious when he bought a PS3 games console for ?80 and the seller failed to deliver the goods.
24歲的艾德-約瑟夫和女朋友定居在這里，當(dāng)?shù)弥诰W(wǎng)上花了80英鎊買(mǎi)的PS3游戲機(jī)后賣(mài)家沒(méi)有給他發(fā)貨時(shí)，他非常憤怒。
So Edd decided to take his revenge by sending him the entire works of the Bard - by text.
所以艾德決定報(bào)仇——把莎士比亞所有的作品全文用短信發(fā)給那個(gè)賣(mài)家。
Edd discovered he could copy the words from the internet and paste them into a text message - without costing him a penny on his unlimited mobile phone package.
艾德發(fā)現(xiàn)他可以從網(wǎng)上復(fù)制文字再粘貼到短信里，而他自己因?yàn)橛袩o(wú)限的手機(jī)短信包而不用花一個(gè)子兒。
He sends it as one text but his victim can only receive them in 160 character chunks - meaning the 37 works of Shakespeare will buzz through in 29,305 individual texts.
他只用一條短信就能發(fā)送整部書(shū)的內(nèi)容，但是他的復(fù)仇對(duì)象只能每次接收160個(gè)字符——意味著莎士比亞的37部作品將會(huì)通過(guò)29305條短信向他“嗡嗡嗡”得狂轟亂炸。
So far Edd has sent 22 plays including Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello which have been delivered in 17,424 texts.
迄今為止，艾德已經(jīng)發(fā)送了22個(gè)劇本，包括《哈姆雷特》《麥克白》和《奧賽羅》。這些文字已經(jīng)通過(guò)17424條短信發(fā)送出去了。
He reckons the remaining 15 works will take another few days to send - meaning his adversary's phone will have been constantly beeping for nearly a week.
他預(yù)計(jì)剩下的15部作品還要花上幾天送達(dá)——意味著騙子的手機(jī)將會(huì)在將近一周的時(shí)間里不停地振動(dòng)。
Edd has now started getting abusive replies from the seller.
那位賣(mài)家已經(jīng)回了很多條短信來(lái)罵他。
He said: "I got the first reply after an hour, and then a few more abusive messages after that. His phone must have been going off pretty constantly for hours.
他說(shuō)：“一個(gè)小時(shí)后我收到了第一條回復(fù)短信，之后他又回了幾條短信來(lái)罵我。他的手機(jī)肯定已經(jīng)連續(xù)關(guān)機(jī)好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。”
"I'm going to keep doing it. If nothing else I'm sharing a little bit of culture with someone who probably doesn't have much experience of it.”
“我還要繼續(xù)發(fā)。沒(méi)什么，我只是想讓某個(gè)沒(méi)文化的人感受一下什么叫文化。
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