網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語詞匯漫談

　　Internet：為International Net的簡(jiǎn)寫，因特網(wǎng)，又稱國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。它最早產(chǎn)生于美國(guó)國(guó)防部的高級(jí)研究規(guī)劃署，那是1969年的事了，最初的目的也只是遠(yuǎn)程計(jì)算機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)共享，后來發(fā)展成將世界各地的計(jì)算機(jī)及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)相互連接起來，形成了一個(gè)無邊無際的超級(jí)大網(wǎng)。下面是小編為您收集整理的網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語詞匯漫談，供大家參考!

　　網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語詞匯漫談

　　Internet的主要服務(wù)項(xiàng)目有：電子郵件(E-mail)，遠(yuǎn)程登錄(Telnet)，查詢服務(wù)(Finger)，文件傳輸(FTP)，文檔服務(wù)器(Archive)，新聞?wù)搲?Usenet)，電子公告牌(BBS)，新聞群組(News Group)，全球網(wǎng)(World Wide Web，縮寫為WWW，又稱萬維網(wǎng))等。

　　BBS：Bulletin Board System，公告牌系統(tǒng)或電子公告板，又稱Public Access Message System,公共訪問信息系統(tǒng)。它是普通公告的電子版本，用戶可以通過公告牌發(fā)布消息，任何用戶都可以讀取公告牌上的消息，也可以給某一特定的人或一組用戶發(fā)送信息。公告牌系統(tǒng)被廣泛地用于傳播信息，咨詢一個(gè)電子公告牌往往比使用交互信箱或公共郵政系統(tǒng)發(fā)送公告更加快捷、有效。

　　E-mail：電子郵件，這是一種利用Internet網(wǎng)交換文字信息的交互式服務(wù)，全世界Internet用戶可以互相發(fā)送和接收電子郵件。

　　WWW：World Wide Web的縮寫，全球網(wǎng)，又稱萬維網(wǎng)。它是一個(gè)基于超文本方式的信息檢索工具，提供一種友好的信息查詢接口，是目前最受歡迎同時(shí)也是最先進(jìn)的Internet檢索工具之一。

　　Remote Login：遠(yuǎn)程登錄(注冊(cè))，它是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下實(shí)現(xiàn)資源共享的一種重要手段，采用這種方式，用戶可連接到世界任何一臺(tái)Internet主機(jī)。

　　HTTP：Hyper Text Transmission Protocol,超文本傳輸協(xié)議。

　　IP：IP國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議，即網(wǎng)際協(xié)議。

　　FTP：是 Transfer Protocol的縮寫，即文件傳輸協(xié)議，用于在Internet上傳輸文件。FTP的任務(wù)是從一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)將文件傳送到另一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)。人們通過FTP可以獲得很多免費(fèi)的實(shí)用軟件。

　　Gopher：英文意為“地鼠”;(美國(guó)南部穴居的)可食用的龜“。它是Internet中基于菜單驅(qū)動(dòng)的信息查詢軟件，可將用戶的請(qǐng)求自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換成FTP(文件傳輸協(xié)議)或Telnet(用于遠(yuǎn)程終端連接的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)IP協(xié)議)命令，在菜單的引導(dǎo)下，用戶可對(duì)Internet上遠(yuǎn)程信息系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行訪問。

　　Archive：“檔案;檔案館”之意。Internet中的文檔服務(wù)器，可定期自動(dòng)地訪問眾多的Internet FTP服務(wù)器，將這些服務(wù)器上的文件索引成一個(gè)可以檢索的數(shù)據(jù)庫。

　　WAIS：是Wide Area Information Service的簡(jiǎn)寫，廣域信息服務(wù)器。它使得Internet上巨大的數(shù)據(jù)資源變得易于檢索，并且可以獲得遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)庫的信息。

　　IRC：Internet Relay Chat,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接力聊天。這是一種多用戶聊天設(shè)施，允許多個(gè)用戶通過文字實(shí)時(shí)地與其它人聊天。

　　Hypertext：超文本。本來用做表示所有超鏈接，也表示包含“鏈接”的文本。這是一種非線性的信息組織方法，文字、圖形和其它數(shù)據(jù)作為單個(gè)元素都能夠指向(鏈接)其它元素。

　　Hyperlink：超鏈接。一種與其它文件的“鏈接”，文件中圖片、按鈕、“熱詞”或短語都可以作為超鏈接，當(dāng)用戶選擇超鏈接之后，所連接的信息就會(huì)顯示出來。

　　HTML：Hyper Text Markup Language,超文本標(biāo)示語言。它是由歐洲粒子實(shí)驗(yàn)室一名想象力豐富的研究員Tim Bemers Lee發(fā)明的，是“WWW(全球網(wǎng))世界”的通用語言?！癢WW世界”的諸服務(wù)器與客戶瀏覽器間，通過它互相溝通;信息資源也是由它描述而“表現(xiàn)”的， HTML可以 描述主頁(Home Page)和靜態(tài)的文本。全世界有幾千萬人在使用HTML語言，可以毫不夸張地說，沒有HTML就沒有“WWW世界”。

　　Hypermedia：超媒體。一種以計(jì)算機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的利用文字、圖形、動(dòng)畫、聲音和視頻傳送和顯示信息的方法。這些文字等超媒體的組成元素既可以與其它文件連接，又可以作為單個(gè)對(duì)象處理。

　　Navigator：是美國(guó)網(wǎng)景(Netscape)公司出品的Internet瀏覽器軟件之一。Navigator的英文意思是“航海者、海上探險(xiǎn)者”，寓意人們可以使用該軟件在Internet網(wǎng)絡(luò)的海洋中航行、探險(xiǎn)。Navigator不僅可以瀏覽萬維網(wǎng)(WWW)，還具有電子郵件(E-mail)、文件傳輸 (FTP)、遠(yuǎn)程登錄(Telnet)及新聞組(News Group)、信息瀏覽(Gopher)等多種功能。

　　IE：Internet Explorer, Explorer意為“探險(xiǎn)者”。

　　常見 Internet 術(shù)語表

　　ADN

　　(Advanced Digital Network) —— Usually refers to a 56Kbps leased-line. Applet

　　A small Java program that can be embedded in a HTML page. Applets differ from full-fledged Java applications in that they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local computer, such as files and serial devices (modems, printers, etc.), and are prohibited from communicating with most other computers across a network. The current rule is that an applet can only make an Internet connection to the computer from which the applet was sent.

　　Archie

　　A tool (software) for finding files stored on anonymous FTP sites. You need to know the exact file name or a substring of it.

　　ARPANet

　　(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) —— The precursor to the Internet. Developed in the late 60's and early 70's by the US Department of Defense as an experiment in wide-area-networking that would survive a nuclear war.

　　ASCII

　　(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) —— This is the de facto world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-case Latin letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a 7 digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111.

　　Backbone

　　A high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network. The term is relative as a backbone in a small network will likely be much smaller than many non-backbone lines in a large network.

　　Bandwidth

　　How much stuff you can send through a connection. Usually measured in bits-per-second. A full page of English text is about 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move about 15,000 bits in one second. Full-motion full-screen video would require roughly 10,000,000 bits-per-second, depending on compression.

　　Baud

　　In common usage the baud rate of a modem is how many bits it can send or receive per second. Technically, baud is the number of times per second that the carrier signal shifts value - for example a 1200 bit-per-second modem actually runs at 300 baud, but it moves 4 bits per baud (4 x 300 = 1200 bits per second).

　　BBS

　　(Bulletin Board System) —— A computerized meeting and announcement system that allows people to carry on discussions, upload and download files, and make announcements without the people being connected to the computer at the same time. There are many thousands (millions) of BBS's around the world, most are very small, running on a single IBM clone PC with 1 or 2 phone lines. Some are very large and the line between a BBS and a system like CompuServe gets crossed at some point, but it is not clearly drawn.

　　Binhex

　　(BINary HEXadecimal) —— A method for converting non-text files (non-ASCII) into ASCII. This is needed because Internet e-mail can only handle ASCII.

　　Bit

　　(Binary DigIT) —— A single digit number in base-2, in other words, either a 1 or a zero. The smallest unit of computerized data. Bandwidth is usually measured in bits-per-second.

　　BITNET

　　(Because It's Time NETwork (or Because It's There NETwork)) —— A network of educational sites separate from the Internet, but e-mail is freely exchanged between BITNET and the Internet. Listservs, the most popular form of e-mail discussion groups, originated on BITNET. BITNET machines are usually mainframes running the VMS operating system, and the network is probably the only international network that is shrinking.

　　Bps

　　(Bits-Per-Second) —— A measurement of how fast data is moved from one place to another. A 28.8 modem can move 28,800 bits per second.

　　Browser

　　A Client program (software) that is used to look at various kinds of Internet resources.

　　BTW

　　(By The Way) —— A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum.

　　Byte

　　A set of Bits that represent a single character. Usually there are 8 Bits in a Byte, sometimes more, depending on how the measurement is being made.