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china daily 雙語(yǔ)新聞：美國(guó)推出綠色超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory in suburban Chicago is home to one of the newest, fastest, most efficient supercomputers in the country, called MIRA. But despite the new equipment, lawmakers are concerned that the United States is losing the international supercomputing race, a field it has dominated for decades.

美國(guó)能源部在芝加哥郊區(qū)阿爾貢國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室推出了國(guó)內(nèi)最新、最快、最有效的一個(gè)名為MIRA的超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)。但是，根據(jù)美國(guó)之音記者法拉鮑的報(bào)道，盡管有這個(gè)新的設(shè)備，可是美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)議員擔(dān)心美國(guó)正在失去超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中保持了幾十年的的主導(dǎo)權(quán)。

Lined up in a sprawling room on the second floor of Argonne National Laboratory’s Theory and Computing Sciences building is the future of supercomputing.

在阿爾貢國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室理論和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)大樓二樓一個(gè)碩大的房間內(nèi)放著未來(lái)的超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)。

Argonne Director Eric Isaacs says MIRA can go where few computers can.

阿爾貢國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任埃里克.艾薩克斯說(shuō)MIRA可以做到幾乎很少電腦可以做到的事情。

“A machine like this enables us to start solving complex problems, and by complex problems, I mean problems that have many moving parts," he said. "Like a jet engine, a photovoltaic cell, like a grid, if you think about a power grid, a power grid is a very complicated thing.”

阿爾貢國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室的埃里克?艾薩克斯說(shuō)：“像這樣的機(jī)器可以幫助我們解決一些復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。我這里所說(shuō)的復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題指的是那些涉及很多移動(dòng)部件的問(wèn)題，像噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，光伏電池。比如電網(wǎng)，你可以想想電網(wǎng)，這是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的東西。”

When construction and assembly of MIRA began, it was projected to be the third fastest computer on the planet, clocking in at around 10 petaflops.

MIRA開(kāi)始建造組裝的時(shí)候，預(yù)計(jì)將是這個(gè)世界上第三快的計(jì)算機(jī)。時(shí)速大約是10千萬(wàn)億次。

“That’s 10 quadrillion operations per second. That’s just very fast,” according to Isaacs.

埃里克?艾薩克斯說(shuō):“它每秒運(yùn)算10千萬(wàn)億次，非常快。”

But not fast enough to stay on top.

但是并沒(méi)有快到遙遙。

By the time U.S. Senator Dick Durbin arrived at Argonne for a ceremonial ribbon cutting to officially dedicate the newest machine on the supercomputing block, MIRA had fallen to fifth place in the global ranking of the world’s fastest computers.

當(dāng)美國(guó)參議員迪克?德賓抵達(dá)阿爾貢參加最新超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)正式投入的剪彩儀式時(shí)。在全球計(jì)算機(jī)的速度排名中，MIRA已經(jīng)跌至第五位。

“The fastest computer in the world is in China,” Isaacs said.

埃里克?艾薩克斯說(shuō)：“最快的計(jì)算機(jī)在中國(guó)?！?/p>

That computer, known as The Milky Way 2 housed in Guangzhou, is about three times the speed of Argonne’s MIRA.

這臺(tái)叫做天河二號(hào)的電腦在中國(guó)廣州，它的速度是MIRA的三倍。

“It’s also a real threat," Isaacs said. "We’re now seeing China more often take the lead role of being the fastest or having the fastest machine in the world.”

埃里克?艾薩克斯 阿爾貢國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室說(shuō)：“這是一個(gè)真正的威脅。我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)現(xiàn)在在速度上一直，而且擁有很多世界上最快的機(jī)器。

The trend troubles Durbin, who wants the United States to remain competitive in the supercomputing race.

這一威脅困擾著德賓，他希望美國(guó)在超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中保持主導(dǎo)權(quán)。

“There’s a competition in this world not just for jobs but for basic research that can be applied to the private sector and public sector, and the world of supercomputing is where many of those battles will be fought,” he said.

美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)參議員迪克?德賓說(shuō)：“世界上有一種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不只是為了工作而是為了適用于私營(yíng)部門(mén)和公共部門(mén)的基礎(chǔ)研究。在超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)的領(lǐng)域中有很多這樣的斗爭(zhēng)?！?/p>

Durbin says there also are battles to be fought in the U.S. Congress, where funding for supercomputers is bogged down in the politics of deficit reduction and tighter budgets.

德賓表示美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)也有很多這種斗爭(zhēng)，在削減赤字和緊縮預(yù)算的政治情況下，超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)的資金問(wèn)題停滯不前。

“They know the cost, but they don’t know the value," he said. "We really need to educate members of Congress this supercomputing competition is really key to America’s competitiveness and to a lot of breakthroughs that will benefit the whole world.”

美國(guó)參議員迪克?德賓說(shuō)：“他們知道費(fèi)用是多少，但是他們不知道其價(jià)值是什么。我們必須告訴國(guó)會(huì)議員超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是美國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵所在，也是很多利于世界的突破口所在?！?/p>

Although MIRA is not the fastest, it does hold the distinction of being the most energy efficient. Air around the processors inside the machine is cooled using chilled water in copper tubes instead of fans, which also reduces the amount of noise it creates.

美國(guó)參議員迪克?德賓說(shuō)：“他們知道費(fèi)用是多少，但是他們不知道其價(jià)值是什么。我們必須告訴國(guó)會(huì)議員超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是美國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵所在，也是很多利于世界的突破口所在?！?/p>

常用計(jì)算機(jī)詞匯、服務(wù)器

C2C: card-to-card interleaving，卡到卡交錯(cuò)存取

cc-NUMA(cache-coherent non uniform memory access，連貫緩沖非統(tǒng)一內(nèi)存尋址)

CHRP(Common Hardware Reference Platform，共用硬件平臺(tái)，IBM為PowerPC制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可以兼容Mac OS, Windows NT, Solaris, OS/2, Linux和AIX等多種操作系統(tǒng))

EMP: Emergency Management Port，緊急事件管理端口

ICMB: Inter-Chassis Management Bus, 內(nèi)部管理總線(xiàn)

MPP(Massive Parallel Processing，巨量平行處理架構(gòu))

MUX: Data Path Multiplexor，多重路徑數(shù)據(jù)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)

常用計(jì)算機(jī)詞匯、游戲

ACT(Action，動(dòng)作類(lèi)游戲)

ARPG(Action Role Play Games，動(dòng)作角色扮演游戲)

AVG(Adventure Genre，冒險(xiǎn)類(lèi)游戲)

DAN(Dance，跳舞類(lèi)游戲，包括跳舞機(jī)、吉它機(jī)、打鼓機(jī)等)

DC(Dreamcast，世嘉64位游戲機(jī))

ETC(etc，其它類(lèi)游戲，包括模擬飛行)

FFJ: Force Feedback Joystick(力量反匱式操縱桿)

FPP(First Person Game，第一人稱(chēng)游戲)

FTG(Fighting Game，格斗類(lèi)游戲)

GB(Game Boy，任天堂4位手提游戲機(jī))

GBC(Game Boy Color，任天堂手提16色游戲機(jī))

GG(Game Gear，世嘉彩色手提游戲機(jī))

FC(Famicom，任天堂8位游戲機(jī))

fps(frames per second，幀/秒)

FR(Frames Rate，游戲運(yùn)行幀數(shù))

MAC(Macintosh，蘋(píng)果電腦)

N64(Nintendo 64，任天堂64位游戲機(jī))

SFC(Super Famicom，超級(jí)任天堂16位游戲機(jī))

SLG(Simulation Game，模擬類(lèi)游戲)

SPG(Sports Games，運(yùn)動(dòng)類(lèi)游戲)

SRPG(Strategies Role Play Games，戰(zhàn)略角色扮演游戲)

STG(Shoot Game，射擊類(lèi)游戲)

SS(Sega Saturn，世嘉土星32位游戲機(jī))

PC(Personal Computer，個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī))

PS(Play Station，索尼32位游戲機(jī))

PS(Pocket Station，索尼手提游戲機(jī))

RAC(race，賽車(chē)類(lèi)游戲)

RTS(Real Time Strategies，實(shí)時(shí)戰(zhàn)略)

RPG(Role Play Games，角色扮演游戲)

TAB(Table Chess，桌棋類(lèi)游戲)

常用計(jì)算機(jī)詞匯、通信

CTI：Computer Telephone Integration，計(jì)算機(jī)電話(huà)綜合技術(shù)

DBS: Direct Broadcast Satellite，直接衛(wèi)星廣播

DWDM: Dense WaveLength Division Multiplex，波長(zhǎng)密集型復(fù)用技術(shù)

MMDS: Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service，多波段多點(diǎn)分發(fā)服務(wù)

PCM: Pulse Code Modulation，脈沖編碼調(diào)制

PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network，公用交換式電話(huà)網(wǎng))

TAPI: Telephony Application Programming Interface，電話(huà)應(yīng)用程序接口

TSAPI: Telephony Services Application Programming Interface，電話(huà)服務(wù)應(yīng)用程序接口

WDM: WaveLength Division Multiplex，波分多路復(fù)用

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