小學英語語法大全及練習
小學英語語法大全及練習
小學英語語法對于即將參加升中考的小學生們來說，是一個非常重要的知識，那么小學生們需要復習的小學英語語法有那哪些呢?下面由學習啦小編為大家整理的小學英語語法大全及練習，希望大家喜歡!
小學英語語法大全及練習
一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫出下列各詞的復數(shù) I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
二、一般現(xiàn)在時
一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹
【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。 一般現(xiàn)在時的構成 1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。
2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如： We study English.我們學習英語。 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現(xiàn)在時的變化
1. be動詞的變化。 否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行為動詞的變化。
否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如： I don't like bread. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構成否定句。如： He doesn't often play.
一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work? 動詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練
: 一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
. 三、按照要求改寫句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________
3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答) _______________________________________________________ ____________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _______________________________________________________
五、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
三、現(xiàn)在進行時
1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。
2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.
3.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。
5.現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 主語 + 動詞ing?
但疑問詞當主語時其結構為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 動詞ing? 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：
一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞： play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型轉換：
?、埔蓡栐~當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式? 如：Who went to home yesterday?
動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
過去時練習
寫出下列動詞的過去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be動詞的過去時練習(1)
一、 用be動詞的適當形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、 句型轉換
1. It was exciting. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. They were in his pocket.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ Be動詞的過去時練習(2)
一、用be動詞的適當形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型轉換
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、 中譯英
1.我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。 ___________________________________________________________
2.他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3.一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。 ___________________________________________________________
行為動詞的過去時練習(1)
一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
二、句型轉換 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. Nancy went to school early.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑問句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行為動詞的過去時練習(2)
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
一、 用動詞的適當形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.
Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water) 8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中譯英
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。 _________________________________________________________
3. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎?不，沒有。 _________________________________________________________
小學英語語法易錯點匯總
【第一類】名詞類
1. 這些女老師們在干什么?
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英語中，當一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單數(shù))時，作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當man, woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式時，要用其復數(shù)形式men, women.
2. 房間里有多少人?
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人們”解時，是個集合名詞，其單復數(shù)同形。
3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時，常用“a / an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結構，其中當數(shù)詞大于1時，表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復數(shù)形式。
【第二類】動詞類
4. 你妹妹通常什么時候去上學?
[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助動詞do(或does)構成疑問句或否定句時，句中的謂語動詞用其原形。
5. 琳達晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè)，但今晚她在看電視。
[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
[析] 在初一英語學習階段，我們接觸到了兩種主要時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常的或習慣性的動作，常和often, usually, sometimes 等時間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時的句子中，若主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式?，F(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，現(xiàn)在進行時由be(am / is / are)+ving形式構成。
6. 這雙鞋是紅色的。
[誤] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計量)修飾時，謂語動詞的形式由pair的單復數(shù)形式來決定。
【第三類】代詞類
7. 這張票是她的，不是我的。
[誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞，而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。
8. 吳老師教我們英語。
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的賓語，因此當sb.為人稱代詞時要用其賓格形式。
【第四類】介詞類
9. 你能找到這個問題的答案嗎?
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英語中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結構還有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午來這里。
[誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等時，介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時，介詞要用on.
11. 那個穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。
[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時，只能用in，其他介詞沒有此用法。
【第五類】副詞類
12. 莉莉，你為什么不回家呢?
[誤] Lily, why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地點副詞時，地點副詞前不加to。
【第六類】連詞類
13. 我喜歡語文和英語，但我不喜歡體育和歷史。
[誤] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.
[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中，并列成分之間的連接需用or。
【第七類】冠詞類
[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用結構“the + 姓氏復數(shù)”;
2.our 一詞的第一個字母不發(fā)音，它是以元音音素開頭的，所以“一小時”要用 an hour;
3.用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時，交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。
【第八類】句法類
15. ――你不是學生嗎? ――不，我是學生。
[誤] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No， I am.
[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes， I am.
[析] 對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No，這取決于實際情況：如果事實是肯定的，就用Yes表“不”;如果事實是否定的，就用No表“是的”。
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